This monograph is based on the authors’ extensive experience in the areas of clinical endocrinology and diagnostic imaging, their clinical and research work and insight gained from teaching medical students and doctors in the Czech Republic and abroad. The chapters contain embryological and anatomical notes, clinical characteristics of individual endocrinopathies, laboratory and function tests, including reference values, indications and algorithms of imaging methods and principles of rational modern therapy of individual pathologies, including further clinical monitoring of patients. Texts also give practical advice regarding how to approach patients with endocrine gland diseases, point out some potential misinterpretations of examination results and are supplemented with numerous images of pathological states, which are almost exclusively sourced from the authors’ private archives. The chapter on diabetes mellitus centres on the complications of diagnosing diabetes and on the mutual relation between diabetes and other endocrinopathies. Focusing primarily on clinical practice, the work does not elaborate on pathophysiology, but covers only the most recent pertinent literature from the discipline. What makes this comprehensible publication exceptional is the fact that it not only presents the clinical view of the endocrinologist on the various covered subjects, but the reader is also given the opportunity to learn about current diagnostic trends using imaging methods. This interdisciplinary view offers the reader a comprehensive insight into the field and the necessary knowledge for their clinical practice. This monograph is intended for medical students, junior endocrinologists, diabetologists, radiologists and general practitioners interested in endocrinology, however, it can be useful also for doctors preparing for medical postgraduate certification in endocrinology and imaging methods as it undoubtedly provides valuable information.