How have women in Canada and the US experienced and influenced health care since 1945? Did Canada's national health insurance system lead to fundamental differences in health care? This volume examines North American women's engagement with their health systems and asks to what extent national citizenship has shaped women's health. Authors provide a much-needed analysis of the dynamic decades after 1945, when both Canada and the United States began using federal funds to expand health-care access, and biomedical research and authority reached new heights. Focusing on a wide range of issues - including childbirth, abortion and sterilization, palliative care, pharmaceutical regulation, immigration, and Native health care - these essays illuminate the ironic promise of biomedicine, postwar transformations in reproduction, the varied work and belief-systems of female health-care providers, and national differences in women's health activism.