This book began as a project of Netherland Cultural Heritage Agency (RCE) in collaboration with the Dutch restorers of paintings and Curtauld Instutute of Art that was aimed to achieve a better understanding of material properties for dry cleaning for their application on painted surfaces unpainted. The present work concerns the project carried out in the period 2006-2009, including the analysis of materials and the description of the methodology for the assessment of the correct methods for cleaning with dry methods; the book will also seek to focus on the integrity of the painted surfaces with oil and tempera sensitive to contact with solvents.