Information on the technology of melting and casting aluminium lithium alloys is rarely published. Therefore, this chapter presents important findings from many research investigations on various aspects of melting, casting and cast structure development of Al-Li alloys. Presence of reactive element such as Li in the molten alloy requires special melt protection techniques, containment materials, alloying practices and casting equipment. Problem of grain refinement, linked to the presence of Zr in most commercial compositions, has also been discussed. Finally, it is surmised that the lower Li contents present in the third generation alloys compared to their older counterparts is expected to ease difficulties in their melting and casting.