This review unravels the details of the immunological properties underlying the inducement , generation and control of immunological errors , the antigenic changes in the cells themselves, and the extent and activities of the immune response arising as a result of these changes.In this article, we reviewed the antigenic properties of the transformed cells and the ability of the host to mount an immune response to such antigens. Immunological errors itself can have effects on the immune system and these have to be taken into consideration in designing immunotherapeutic measures for the control of chronic and debilitating infectious diseases i.e. HIV is not a transforming virus and is therefore not directly responsible for the lymphomas and skin tumours found in AIDS patients.