This case study presents the history and technical achievements in developing the Boeing C-17, the largest STOL transport aircraft. It examines STOL technology and predecessor aircraft, but focuses on the United States Air Force's Advanced Medium STOL Transport (AMST) program and its YC-14 and YC-15 demonstrators. The book describes every step of the process including the needs requirements, technological approaches, design and operation implications, proposals and winning designs, alterations, innovations, cost constraints, construction, and flight testing. STOL aircraft that flew before and after the C-17 are also discussed to illustrate the continuing evolution of the technology.