This book offers a compelling critical analysis of American society by examining the role of psychotherapy within social policy and the culture that has fashioned it. It takes a deeply critical look at ‘the social clinic,’ defined here as a ubiquitous organizational arrangement that includes clinical and community psychology, counseling, clinical social work, psychiatry, much of the self-help industry, complementary and alternative medicine and others. Epstein’s analysis concludes that the social clinic lacks credible evidence of effectiveness and its continued popularity expresses popular but predatory American values such as romantic individualism, the triumph of the subjective, a sense of personal and political chosenness, persistent bigotry, and a preference for tribal as opposed to civic identities. This careful examination of American society through the lens of psychotherapeutic practice characterizes the social clinic as a soothing fiction of the United States. The book offers caring services as the unrealized alternative to clinical treatment, capable of achieving greater personal adjustment as well as social and economic equality. It will appeal to readers with an interest in social welfare, public policy, and public administration, as well as to students and scholars of psychotherapy, counseling, social work, rehabilitation, and community psychology.
A Guide to Curriculum Mapping synthesizes teaching, learning, and assessment research with an innovative, inclusive, and comprehensive approach to effective curriculum design that centers student learning and evidence-informed continuous improvement. A Guide to Curriculum Mapping offers adaptable tools, resources, and templates that readers can customize to their own institutions and programs. The authors offer ways to document, synthesize, integrate, and visually represent how learning opportunities work together—whether within courses, across degree programs, or throughout an entire college or university. The authors have presented their integrated mapping approach to acclaim at conferences for close to a decade and have tested their use in programs large and small across the US, beyond systematically applying them at their home institution, the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC). This book enables educators—whether faculty, chairs, deans, administrators, educational developers, staff, or assessment leaders concerned with student learning and success—to think through the clarity, organization, and alignment of their programs for improving learning using learner-centered research.
It is essential that all individuals involved in the assessment and management of patients with cardiac surgical disease have a basic understanding of the disease processes that are being treated. This chapter presents the spectrum of adult cardiac surgical disease that is encountered in most cardiac surgical practices. The pathophysiology, indications for surgery, specific preoperative considerations, and surgical options for various diseases are presented. Diagnostic techniques and general preoperative considerations are presented in the next two chapters. Issues related to cardiac anesthesia and postoperative care specific to most of the surgical procedures presented in this chapter are discussed in Chapters 4 and 8, respectively. The most current guidelines for the evaluation and management of patients with cardiac disease can be obtained from the American College of Cardiology website (www.acc.org)"--
M. Lindsay Kaplan expands the study of the history of racism through an analysis of the medieval Christian concept of Jewish servitude. Developed through exegetical readings of Biblical figures in canon law, this discourse produces a racial status of hereditary inferiority that justifies the subordination not only of Jews, but of Muslims and Africans as well.
The most trusted source of leadership wisdom, updated to address today's realities The Leadership Challenge is the gold-standard manual for effective leadership, grounded in research and written by the premier authorities in the field. With deep insight into the complex interpersonal dynamics of the workplace, this book positions leadership both as a skill to be learned, and as a relationship that must be nurtured to reach its full potential. This new seventh edition has been revised to address current challenges, and includes more international examples and a laser focus on business issues; you'll learn how extraordinary leaders accomplish extraordinary things, and how to develop your leadership skills and style to deliver quality results every time. Engaging stories delve into the fundamental roles that great leaders fulfill, and simple frameworks provide a primer for those who seek continuous improvement; by internalizing key insights and putting concepts into action, you'll become a more effective, more impactful leader. A good leader gets things done; a great leader aspires, inspires, and achieves more. This book highlights the differences between good and great, and shows you how to bridge the chasm between getting things done and making things happen. Gain deep insight into leadership's critical role in organizational health Navigate the shift toward team-oriented work relationships Motivate and inspire to break through the pervasive new cynicism Leverage the electronic global village to deliver better results Business is evolving at an increasingly rapid rate, and leaders must keep pace with the changes or risk stagnation. People work differently, are motivated differently, and have different expectations today—business as usual is quickly losing its effectiveness. The Leadership Challenge helps you stay current, relevant, and effective in the modern workplace.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence various physiological processes including host defense, hormone biosynthesis, and cellular signaling. Increased ROS production (oxidative stress) is implicated in many diseases of the cardiovascular system, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiac failure, stroke, diabetes, and kidney disease. ROS are produced throughout the cardiovascular system, in the kidney and central and peripheral nervous system. A major source for cardiovascular, renal, and neural ROS is a family of non-phagocytic NAD(P)H oxidases, including the prototypic Nox2 homologue-based NAD(P)H oxidase, as well as other NAD(P)H oxidases, such as Nox1 and Nox4. Other possible sources include mitochondrial electron transport enzymes, xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and uncoupled nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NAD(P)H oxidase-derived ROS is important in regulating endothelial function and vascular tone and oxidative stress is implicated in endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, migration, fibrosis, angiogenesis and rarefaction, important processes involved in vascular remodeling in cardiovascular disease. These findings have evoked considerable interest because of the possibilities that therapies targeted against non-phagocytic NAD(P)H oxidase to decrease ROS generation and/or strategies to increase nitric oxide (NO) availability and antioxidants may be useful in minimizing vascular injury and thereby prevent or regress target organ damage associated with hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.
In Beyond Faith: Belief, Morality and Memory in a Fifteenth-Century Judeo-Iberian Manuscript, Michelle M. Hamilton sheds light on the concerns of Jewish and converso readers of the generation before the Expulsion. Using a mid-fifteenth-century collection of Iberian vernacular literary, philosophical and religious texts (MS Parm. 2666) recorded in Hebrew characters as a lens, Hamilton explores how its compiler or compilers were forging a particular form of personal, individual religious belief, based not only on the Judeo-Andalusi philosophical tradition of medieval Iberia, but also on the Latinate humanism of late 14th and early 15th-century Europe. The form/s such expressions take reveal the contingent and specific engagement of learned Iberian Jews and conversos with the larger Iberian, European and Arab Mediterranean cultures of the 15th-century.
This book is a detailed examination of the phonetics and phonology of consonant strength, drawing data from parallel acoustic and articulatory studies of English and Spanish, as well as a cross linguistic survey of lenition and fortition.
Anne Blackburn explores the emergence of a predominant Buddhist monastic culture in eighteenth-century Sri Lanka, while asking larger questions about the place of monasticism and education in the creation of religious and national traditions. Her historical analysis of the Siyam Nikaya, a monastic order responsible for innovations in Buddhist learning, challenges the conventional view that a stable and monolithic Buddhism existed in South and Southeast Asia prior to the advent of British colonialism in the nineteenth century. The rise of the Siyam Nikaya and the social reorganization that accompanied it offer important evidence of dynamic local traditions. Blackburn supports this view with fresh readings of Buddhist texts and their links to social life beyond the monastery. Comparing eighteenth-century Sri Lankan Buddhist monastic education to medieval Christian and other contexts, the author examines such issues as bilingual commentarial practice, the relationship between clerical and "popular" religious cultures, the place of preaching in the constitution of "textual communities," and the importance of public displays of learning to social prestige. Blackburn draws upon indigenous historical narratives, which she reads as rhetorical texts important to monastic politics and to the naturalization of particular attitudes toward kingship and monasticism. Moreover, she questions both conventional views on "traditional" Theravadin Buddhism and the "Buddhist modernism" / "Protestant Buddhism" said to characterize nineteenth-century Sri Lanka. This book provides not only a pioneering critique of post-Orientalist scholarship on South Asia, but also a resolution to the historiographic impasse created by post-Orientalist readings of South Asian history.
Neuromuscular Disease Management and Rehabilitation, Part I: Diagnostic and Therapy Issues, an Issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics - E-Book
Neuromuscular Disease Management and Rehabilitation, Part I: Diagnostic and Therapy Issues, an Issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics - E-Book
Neuromuscular disease is a broad term that encompasses many diseases and ailments that either directly or indirectly impair the function of the body's muscle system, via the nerves. This issue of PMR will provide an overview of current treatments and therapies for a variety of diseases. The GEs have gone through every issue published since 1998, and these 23 chapters will be meant to fill the numerous gaps in PMR's coverage of the field over the past decade. The issue will include chapters on different treatment techniques, such as exercises, stretches, and nutrition. It will also provide chapters focusing on specific areas of the body, specific conditions, and an update on mobility technology for those with NMDs.
- NEW! An ebook version is included with print purchase. The ebook allows you to access all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. Plus, it includes prescriptions for oral diseases, differential diagnosis of clinical cases, and practice questions. - Updated content on the latest breakthroughs in oral squamous cell carcinoma treatment, HPV, and molecular pathology addresses some of today's leading topics in oral pathology research.
Antioxidant Vitamins A, C and E in the Twenty-First Century: Book One Also Contains: Antioxidant Vitamins Are Making a Killing: Book Two: a Health Impact Statement for Medical Scientists
Antioxidant Vitamins A, C and E in the Twenty-First Century: Book One Also Contains: Antioxidant Vitamins Are Making a Killing: Book Two: a Health Impact Statement for Medical Scientists
If you are taking an antioxidant or an antioxidant vitamin, or are thinking of going on antioxidants, consider the information in this fully referenced guide before you do. The undeniable legacy of antioxidant vitamin use at today's high doses is an assemblage of confusing and conflicting studies and reports of bad side effects in hordes of unsuspecting victims. Only by knowing this information, reviewed in consultation with your healthcare professional, can you make an informed decision about your healthcare. If you are a user of antioxidant vitamins A, C or E, or multivitamins, this book contains vital information for you. Most of the antioxidant side effects discussed are likely unknown to your busy doctor. Although they are knowledgeable about routine medical problems, few have heard of increased risks for cancer, heart disease, and strokes caused by use of these vitamins; fewer still associate increased mortality with antioxidants. As a surgeon, medical research scientist, biochemist and practicing doctor, Dr. Howes is appalled by the lack of information in the medical community on the full range of side effects of the antioxidant vitamins. Antioxidant Vitamins A, C, and E in the Twenty-first Century offers a selective reference source and summary demonstrating the ineffectiveness and adverse side effects of the antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E.
The circulatory system provides the tissues of the body with oxygen and nutrients for survival, allows for the dissemination of inflammatory cells, and clears metabolic waste from building up and damaging tissue. Atherosclerotic disease, the build-up of fat, inflammatory cells, and fibrotic tissue in the vessel wall, hinders this function, resulting in inadequate perfusion of the target tissue. Hypoxia, or lack of oxygen, rapidly results in cellular dysfunction that profoundly affects the functionality of the overall tissue. Atherosclerosis-associated tissue ischemia and hypoxia because of loss of blood flow underlies several significant disease pathologies including ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. In this eBook, we examine the process of atherosclerotic plaque formation both at the cellular level and the level of clinical presentation. Through this book, we hope to impart to the reader a better understanding of how vessel structure, environmental risk factors, and genetic predisposition contribute to atherosclerotic disease and how current and future therapies seek to circumvent the cellular processes contributing to plaque formation to reduce atherosclerotic plaque burden and clinical complications. Table of Contents: List of Videos / Introduction to Atherosclerosis / Epidemiology / Endothelial Cell Activation and Arterial Hemodynamics / Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Disease / Inflammation in Atherosclerosis / Smooth Muscle Cells and Plaque Vulnerability / Diagnosing Atherosclerotic Disease / Treatment and Prevention / Summary and Future Perspectives / References / Author Biographies
Youth residential mental health care is often a last resort after a long time searching for help. Despite engaging with residential care, moving from residential mental health programs to life in the community, many youth still confront disturbing prospects. Incorporating vignettes, chapter summaries, as well as theory and evidence in fields such as education, juvenile justice, child welfare, independent living, supporting families, and positive youth development, this book proposes a template that is both credible and feasible for improving community living outcomes for youth leaving residential mental health programs.
Internal or general medicine is the medical specialty dealing with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of adult diseases. This second edition provides clinicians and trainees with a complete guide to internal medicine. Divided into 28 sections, the first part of the book is dedicated to the diagnosis and management of cardiac conditions. The second part covers respiratory and pulmonary disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, neurologic disorders, renal conditions and endocrine disorders. The book has been fully revised with new topics added to provide the latest advances in the field. Each chapter examines the pathophysiology and techniques for accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapy. Authored by a recognised, Ottawa-based expert in the field, the new edition features clinical photographs, illustrations and tables to enhance learning. Key points Comprehensive guide to the latest advances in internal medicine Fully revised, second edition covering numerous disorders in different systems of the body Authored by recognised Ottawa-based expert in the field Previous edition (9780812116021) published in 1994
This is the first new book in many years to provide a comprehensive review of the latest theory, research, and treatment of chronic headaches from a biopsychological perspective. It is designed to make the tools of assessment and therapy widely accessible, while placing them in the context of how the disorders arise. The physiology and psychology o
The purpose of this book is to teach social work students the concepts and skills needed to apply research methods in their practice with clients. Within the last three decades, the human service professions have been challenged to base practice on empirical evidence. One promising approach to meeting this challenge is to train practitioners who can evaluate knowledge produced in the behavioral sciences and, then, translate such knowledge into practice principles. This volume aims to help practitioners under¬stand the research process and equip them with the necessary tools and skills to: (a) evaluate studies; (b) translate relevant behavioral sci¬ence knowledge into practice principles; and (c) implement evaluation procedures in their daily practice. The book also provides guidance in incorporating evidence-based practice principals and procedures into social work curricula. Evidence-based practice offers practitioners and students a method for building into the intervention process a problem-solving and evaluative component that is greatly needed in social work"--
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) creates and maintains the highly regulated extracellular environment of the CNS through three 'lines of defense'. (1) a physical barrier formed by tight junctions between endothelial cells of the brain capillaries and epithelial cells of both the choroid plexus and the arachnoid membrane. (2) transporters that mediate the efflux of compounds from brain to blood. And (3) an enzymatic barrier conferred by an enrichment of degradative enzymes in these endothelial and epithelial cells. The goal of this book is to provide readers with a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of efflux transport across the blood-brain barrier and to provide detailed 'food-for-thought' which will hopefully stimulate more research in this area in both the academic and industrial research communities.
This book is a reference volume and a digest of more than a century of scholarly work on troubadour poetry. Written by leading scholars, it summarizes the current consensus on the various facets of troubadour studies. Standing at the beginning of the history of modern European verse, the troubadours were the prime poets and composers of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries in the South of France. No study of medieval literature is complete without an examination of the courtly love which is celebrated in the elaborately rhymed stanzas of troubadour verse, creations whose words and melodies were imitated by poets and musicians all over medieval Europe. The words of about 2,500 troubadour songs have survived, along with 250 melodies, and all have come under intense scholarly scrutiny. This Handbook brings together the fruits of this scrutiny, giving teachers and students an overview of the fundamental issues in troubadour scholarship. All quotations are given in the original Old Occitan and in English. The editors provide a list of troubadour editions and an index, and each chapter includes a list of additional readings. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1996. This book is a reference volume and a digest of more than a century of scholarly work on troubadour poetry. Written by leading scholars, it summarizes the current consensus on the various facets of troubadour studies. Standing at the beginning
This second edition has been updated by include MyPyramid and the 2005 Dietary Guidelines as well as coverage of material such as digestion, metabolism, chemistry and life cycle nutrition.
This annotated bibliography of one of the best-known Catalan authors selects and comments on 198 critical narrative works, including nine biographical studies. It provides a detailed analysis of the critical perspectives which have been used to analyze Rodoreda's works, referring the reader to the bibliographical entries which best illustrate certain theoretical approaches or themes.
The gold standard comprehensive reference in pediatric orthopaedics is a must-have resource for physicians and residents treating infants, children, and adolescents with orthopaedic problems. Lovell and Winter’s Pediatric Orthopaedics, 8th Edition, brings you fully up to date in the field with new content, a new editor, and many new contributing authors who cover all aspects of basic science, clinical manifestations, and management. You’ll find complete, expert coverage of normal musculoskeletal development and the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of the entire range of abnormalities, with emphasis on evidence-based decision making in treatment selection.
A Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Organizational Psychology focusing on occupational safety and workplace health. The editors draw on their collective experience to present thematically structured material from leading thinkers and practitioners in the USA, Europe, and Asia Pacific Provides comprehensive coverage of the major contributions that psychology can make toward the improvement of workplace safety and employee health Equips those who need it most with cutting-edge research on key topics including wellbeing, safety culture, safety leadership, stress, bullying, workplace health promotion and proactivity
The Seventh Edition of this textbook is built upon the peer-reviewed literature and research studies in the diagnosis and treatment of low back and radicular pain, focusing on the nonsurgical chiropractic adjusting methods. This text is the culmination of twelve years of updated research and development of spinal manipulation. From spinal stenosis to rehabilitation of low back pain patients to the latest treatise on fibromyalgia, you’ll find it all in Low Back Pain, Seventh Edition.
Gómez-Bravo also explores how authorial and textual agency were competing forces in the midst of an era marked by the institution of the Inquisition, the advent of the absolutist state, the growth of cities, and the constitution of the Spanish nation.
During the past few decades we have witnessed at least two major innovations in science which have had substantial impact on technology as well as science itself, pervasive enough to modify many facets of our daily lives. We refer, of course, to the tran sistor and the laser. It is striking that now with the advent of optical bistability we may have opened the door to another such field, which combines these two aspects (transistor and laser) and has the possibility for important device applications as well as providing a unique window into the as yet not thoroughly explored frontiers of nonequilibrium statistical physics. This has prompted us to organize an international conference on the subject of optical bistability to provide an adequate means for assessing the current state of the art of this important field and to stimulate further significant developments by means of in tense technical exchange and interaction among the leading scien tists in this subject area.
This issue of Gastroenterology Clinics of North America is all about acute upper GI bleeding and is divided into two distinct sections: section I is devoted to nonvariceal upper GI bleeding and section II is devoted to variceal upper GI bleeding. Acute nonvariceal upper GI bleeding may originate from the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum, essentially anywhere proximal to the Ligament of Treitz. In Section I, Dr Gianluca Rotondano, Hospital Maresca, Torre del Greco, Italy, begins with a review of the epidemiology and diagnosis of acute nonvariceal upper GI bleeding. We then turn to patient presentation, risk stratification, and how to initially medically manage these bleeding patients. I am pleased to have one of our emergency medicine colleagues, Dr Andrew Meltzer, Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University, contribute this important article and provide a unique viewpoint from the emergency department where most of these patients initially present. As we all know, endoscopic hemostasis is the accepted standard of care for patients with acute nonvariceal upper GI bleeding. Moreover, peptic ulcer bleeding is the most common nonvariceal cause of acute upper GI bleeding; thus, Drs Yidan Lu, Yen-I Chen, and Alan Barkun from McGill University, Montreal, Canada, provide an in-depth review of the endoscopic management of peptic ulcer bleeding. Drs Eric Tjwa, I. Lisanne Holster, and Ernst Kuipers from the Erasmus Medical Center University Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, review the endoscopic management of all other causes of acute nonvariceal upper GI bleeding, and in addition, Drs Louis Wong Kee Song and Michael Levy from the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota discuss emerging endoscopic hemostasis treatments, such as topical sprays and over-the-scope clipping devices. Although endoscopic hemostasis is very highly effective, there are unfortunately cases where bleeding is unable to be controlled or when significant rebleeding occurs that is not amenable to endoscopic therapy. Therefore, I have included two articles that provide insight into the question...what if endoscopic hemostasis fails? The first article, written by Drs Philip Wai Yan Chiu and James Yun Wong Lau, from Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, focuses on tried and true surgical treatment options. The second article, by Dr Sujal Nanavati, University of California at San Francisco, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, addresses the alternative treatment strategy of angiographic embolization, which has now emerged as the often preferred salvage treatment strategy.
Representing Others in Medieval Iberian Literature explores the ways Arabic, Jewish and Christian intellectuals in medieval Iberia (courtiers and clerics) adapt and transform the Andalusi go-between figure in order to represent their own role as cultural intermediaries. While these authors are of different religious, ethnic and linguistic backgrounds, they use the go-between, an essential figure in the Andalusi courtly discourse of desire, to open up a secular, more tolerant intellectual space in the face of increasingly fundamentalist currents in their respective cultures. The way this study focuses on the hybrid discourses and identities of medieval Iberia as Muslim, Jewish and Christian responses to continual contact/conflict reflects a methodological approach based in Cultural and Translation Studies.
Coronary artery disease continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and throughout the world. This issue of the Heart Failure Clinics provides a contemporary and concise, yet extensive, review on all aspects of the management of patients with coronary artery disease. Topics include but are not limited to: Epidemiology, Traditional and Novel Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Disease; Acute Coronary Syndromes: Unstable Angina and Non–ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction; Calcium Scoring and Cardiac Computed Tomography; Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus; Cardiac Syndrome X; and Revascularization Options: Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
Antioxidant Vitamins A, C and E in the Twenty-first Century: Book One Also Contains: Antioxidant Vitamins Are Making A Killing: Book Two: A Health Impact Statement for Medical Scientists
Antioxidant Vitamins A, C and E in the Twenty-first Century: Book One Also Contains: Antioxidant Vitamins Are Making A Killing: Book Two: A Health Impact Statement for Medical Scientists
If you are taking an antioxidant or an antioxidant vitamin, or are thinking of going on antioxidants, consider the information in this fully referenced guide before you do. The undeniable legacy of antioxidant vitamin use at today's high doses is an assemblage of confusing and conflicting studies and reports of bad side effects in hordes of unsuspecting victims. Only by knowing this information, reviewed in consultation with your healthcare professional, can you make an informed decision about your healthcare. If you are a user of antioxidant vitamins A, C or E, or multivitamins, this book contains vital information for you. Most of the antioxidant side effects discussed are likely unknown to your busy doctor. Although they are knowledgeable about routine medical problems, few have heard of increased risks for cancer, heart disease, and strokes caused by use of these vitamins; fewer still associate increased mortality with antioxidants. As a surgeon, medical research scientist, biochemist and practicing doctor, Dr. Howes is appalled by the lack of information in the medical community on the full range of side effects of the antioxidant vitamins. Antioxidant Vitamins A, C, and E in the Twenty-first Century offers a selective reference source and summary demonstrating the ineffectiveness and adverse side effects of the antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E.
When Samuel de Champlain founded the colony of Quebec in 1608, he established elaborate gardens where he sowed French seeds he had brought with him and experimented with indigenous plants that he found in nearby fields and forests. Following Champlain's example, fellow colonists nurtured similar gardens through the Saint Lawrence Valley and Great Lakes region. In A Not-So-New World, Christopher Parsons observes how it was that French colonists began to learn about Native environments and claimed a mandate to cultivate vegetation that did not differ all that much from that which they had left behind. As Parsons relates, colonists soon discovered that there were limits to what they could accomplish in their gardens. The strangeness of New France became woefully apparent, for example, when colonists found that they could not make French wine out of American grapes. They attributed the differences they discovered to Native American neglect and believed that the French colonial project would rehabilitate and restore the plant life in the region. However, the more colonists experimented with indigenous species and communicated their findings to the wider French Atlantic world, the more foreign New France appeared to French naturalists and even to the colonists themselves. Parsons demonstrates how the French experience of attempting to improve American environments supported not only the acquisition and incorporation of Native American knowledge but also the development of an emerging botanical science that focused on naming new species. Exploring the moment in which settlers, missionaries, merchants, and administrators believed in their ability to shape the environment to better resemble the country they left behind, A Not-So-New World reveals that French colonial ambitions were fueled by a vision of an ecologically sustainable empire.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder manifested by an enhanced blood glucose levels. DM is categorized into type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Metformin is an anti-diabetic medication that is related to the biguanide class. Metformin is the first treatment for Type 2 DM because of its efficacy, safety and minimal risk of hypoglycemia. Sulfonyl ureas namely glipizide and glyburide activate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Meglitinides, like nateglinide and repaglinide also activate insulin secretion, but their action is short - lived compare to sulfonyl ureas. Thiazolidine diones (TZDs) along with pioglitazone and rosiglitazone activate insulin sensitivity particularly in peripheral tissues. They stimulate peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor gamma (PPAR - gamma ) and give rise to an improved glucose utilization and decreased insulin resistance. Dipeptidyl peptidase - 4 (DPP - 4) inhibitors namely saxa gliptin and sita gliptin continue the action of incretin hormones. Inretin activate insulin release and stop glucagon secretion and contribute to glucose control. Sodium - glucose c0-transporter - 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors along with canagliflozin and dapagliflozin influence kidneys to decrease glucose reabsorption. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors namely acarbose, decrease digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine. Finally it is concluded that the management of diabetes is associated with multifaceted approach, often combining lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy.
In this study, Nancy Bradbury presents a spectrum of medieval English romances that extends from the fragmentary remains of a predominantly oral tradition to a writerly work that proclaims its own place in the European tradition of canonical poetry. By focusing on works composed at the interface of oral and literary tradition, Bradbury tracks the movement of folkloric patterns from the shared culture of oral storytelling to the realm of elite literature.
A unique resource that synthesizes existing primary and secondary sources to provide a fascinating introduction to the development and dissemination of science within history's great empires, as well as the complex interaction between imperialism and scientific progress over two centuries. Imperialism and Science is a scholarly yet accessible chronicle of the impact of imperialism on science over the past 200 years, from the effect of Catholicism on scientific progress in Latin America to the importance of U.S. government funding of scientific research to America's preeminent place in the world. Spanning two centuries of scientific advance throughout the age of empire, Imperialism and Science sheds new light on the spread of scientific thought throughout the former colonial world. Science made enormous advances during this period, often being associated with anti-Imperialist struggle or, as in the case of the science brought to 19th-century China and India by the British, with Western cultural hegemony.
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