The Political Economy of Investment Arbitration asks how political institutions and actors in the host state of an investment contribute to the emergence of investor-state disputes. Combining insights from international relations and political economy, it considers two opposing explanations for investor-state disputes: shifting state preferences toward FDI, or the lack of state capacity to maintain an investment-friendly environment. This book's overarching conclusion is that democratic institutions in host states contribute to the emergence of investor-state disputes. Phillips Williams argues that at the heart of many investor-state disputes are highly politicized distributional conflicts involving a range of domestic interest groups. Indeed, it is often pressure from these groups, whether through voting, protests or lobbying, which motivates states to take the policy decisions that are subsequently subject to investors' legal challenges. Thus, this monograph demonstrates that in the face of the potentially high costs posed by investment arbitration, governments continue to take measures which may harm investors in order to pursue specific policy goals. More importantly, these disputes are not only the result of corruption or weak rule of law, but of measures which are taken at the behest of broader interest groups and relate to clear public policy concerns. This has important implications of our normative assessment of the regime and is highly relevant to current debates in both international law and international political economy about the relationship between investment treaties and domestic politics.
American eating changed dramatically in the early twentieth century. As food production became more industrialized, nutritionists, home economists, and so-called racial scientists were all pointing Americans toward a newly scientific approach to diet. Food faddists were rewriting the most basic rules surrounding eating, while reformers were working to reshape the diets of immigrants and the poor. And by the time of World War I, the country's first international aid program was bringing moral advice about food conservation into kitchens around the country. In Modern Food, Moral Food, Helen Zoe Veit argues that the twentieth-century food revolution was fueled by a powerful conviction that Americans had a moral obligation to use self-discipline and reason, rather than taste and tradition, in choosing what to eat. Veit weaves together cultural history and the history of science to bring readers into the strange and complex world of the American Progressive Era. The era's emphasis on science and self-control left a profound mark on American eating, one that remains today in everything from the ubiquity of science-based dietary advice to the tenacious idealization of thinness.
Foundations for the LPC covers the compulsory foundation areas of the Legal Practice Course as set out in the LPC Outcomes: Professional Conduct, Tax/Revenue Law, and Wills & Administration of Estates. The book also features content on EU and human rights law, two topics now taught pervasively through the LPC course. Using worked examples and scenarios throughout to illustrate key points, this guide is essential reading for all students and a useful reference source for practitioners. To aid understanding and test comprehension of the core material, checkpoints and summaries feature in every chapter. Online Resource Centre Online resources accompanying the text include useful web links, forms, and diagrams.
Labour and the Wage: A Critical Perspective offers a new perspective on why labour law struggles to respond to problems such as low pay and under-inclusive employment. A Marxian-inspired ontological approach sheds new light on the role of labour law in a capitalist economy and on the limitations and potential of labour law when it comes to bringing about social change. It illustrates this through the lens of the wage. The book develops a legal genealogy that explores the shifting portfolio of concepts through which the wage has been conceptualized in legal discourse as capitalism has developed. This exploration spans from the Norman Conquest to the present day, and covers diverse issues such as the decasualization of the docks, sweated labour, the truck system, tax-credits, tips, and minimum wages. Labour and the Wage provides one of the most in-depth and comprehensive analyses of the wage to date, while, at the same time, shedding new light on the contradictory role, or function, of labour law in the context of capitalism.
Explaining the principles underlying legal practice, this essential guide for students on the Legal Practice Course includes topical examples and scenarios to illustrate key points, worked examples to aid understanding, and checkpoints and summaries to test comprehension of the core material.
The primer is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolving greenhouse gas (GHG) credit or carbon credit and related markets; describe the role airports play in these markets; [and] identify areas where U.S. airports may be able to participate and capture additional revenue or other forms of reputational or environmental stewardship value from these markets"--P. 5.
Modern advertising was created in the US between 1870 and 1920 when advertisers and the increasingly specialized advertising industry that served them crafted means of reliable access to and knowledge of audiences. This highly original and accessible book re-centers the story of the invention of modern advertising on the question of how access to audiences was streamlined and standardized. Drawing from late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-century materials, especially from the advertising industry’s professional journals and the business press, chapters on the development of print media, billboard, and direct mail advertising illustrate the struggles amongst advertisers, intermediaries, audience-sellers, and often-resistant audiences themselves. Over time, the maturing advertising industry transformed the haphazard business of getting advertisements before the eyes of the public into a market in which audience attention could be traded as a commodity. This book applies economic theory with historical narrative to explain market participants’ ongoing quests to expand the reach of the market and to increase the efficiency of attention harvesting operations. It will be of interest to scholars of contemporary American advertising, the history of advertising more generally, and also of economic history and theory.
Simple Coding: Unleashing the Power of Programming for Non-Engineers"" challenges the notion that coding is exclusively for tech experts, opening the door to a world where anyone can harness the potential of programming. This accessible guide focuses on demystifying programming concepts, introducing user-friendly coding tools, and exploring practical applications for everyday life. By emphasizing hands-on learning and real-world applications, the book demonstrates how coding can enhance problem-solving abilities, automate routine tasks, and even lead to the creation of simple yet useful applications. The book progresses logically, starting with programming fundamentals and moving on to explore beginner-friendly languages like Python and Scratch. It introduces readers to visual programming environments and no-code platforms, showcasing how these tools can bridge the gap between traditional coding and intuitive problem-solving. What sets this book apart is its focus on accessibility and practicality, emphasizing coding as a tool for solving everyday problems rather than delving into complex theoretical concepts. Throughout the journey, ""Simple Coding"" incorporates interactive elements and provides numerous examples of how readers can apply their new skills, from automating work tasks to creating simple games or personal budget trackers. By the end, readers will have gained not just knowledge, but the confidence to explore the world of programming further, empowering non-engineers to harness the power of code in their daily lives.
Will genome-based precision medicine fix the problem of race/ethnicity-based medicine? To answer this question, Sun and Ong propose the concept of racialization of precision medicine, defined as the social processes by which racial/ethnic categories are incorporated (or not) into the development, interpretation, and implementation of precision medicine research and practice. Drawing on interview data with physicians and scientists in the field of cancer care, this book addresses the following questions: Who are the racializers in precision medicine, how and why do they do it? Under what conditions do clinicians personalize medical treatments in the context of cancer therapies? The chapters elucidate different ways in which racialization occurs and reveal that there exists an inherent contradiction in the usage of race/ethnicity as precision medicine moves from bench to bedside. The relative resources theory is proposed to explain that whether race/ethnicity-based medicine will be replaced by genomic medicine depends on the resources available at the individual and systemic levels. Furthermore, this book expands on how racialization happens not only in pharmacogenomic drug efficacy studies, but also in drug toxicity studies and cost-effectiveness studies. An important resource for clinicians, researchers, public health policymakers, health economists, and journalists on how to deracialize precision medicine.
Markesinis and Deakin's Tort Law is an authoritative, analytical, and well-established textbook, now in its eighth edition. The authors provide a variety of comparative and economic perspectives on the law of tort and its likely development, placing the subject in its socio-economic context, giving students a deeper understanding of tort law.
Lots of people want to write a book, but few people actually ever do it. Why? Because like any other major accomplishment, writing a book takes time and effort that most just can't commit to. That's also exactly why a book can distinguish you from your colleagues and open the door to otherwise impossible opportunities. This is not only a step-by-step guide to write your book, but what to do with it afterwards. This book, written by two industry experts, will tell you how to publish your book and maximize all of the benefits of being an author.
Why do we think about some practices as work, and not others? Why do we classify certain capacities as economically valuable skills, and others as innate characteristics? What, moreover, is the role of law in shaping our answers to these questions?" These are just some of the queries explored by Zoe Adams's analysis of the legal construction, and regulation, of work. Spanning from the 14th century to the present day, The Legal Concept of Work explores how the role of law and legal concepts comes to consider some forms of human labour as work, and some forms of human labour as non-work. It examines why perceptions of these activities can change over time, and how legal constitution impacts the way in which work comes to be regulated, organised, and valued. As part of the analysis, the book presents a series of case studies, ranging from the publishing industry, academia, medicine, and retail, with a view of illustrating some of the regulatory challenges different types of work face, in the context of capitalism.
The Sunday Mirror's former showbiz gossip columnist, Zoe Griffin, explains how she quit her job and started a blog in order to work less and earn more. In this book she explains how to Get Rich Blogging and how she has done just that with her Live Like A VIP blog - which generates a six figure income. There is no need to be a technical wizard. All you need is this book, a laptop and internet access and you too could be blogging your way to wealth and happiness. Contributors include The Clothes Whisperer, The Fashion Editor at Large, Mumsnet, Tech Week, Music News and Mr Porter - all financially successful and well respected bloggers. Learn how to start a blogging business from scratch, how to create appealing content, choose a web host, attract advertisers and spread the word.
Get positive suggestions for practical solutions to this heated issue. Hotly debated in the political arena and splashed across the media almost 24/7, global warming has become the topic of the moment. Whatever one's views on its cause, there is no denying that the earth's climate is changing, and people everywhere are worried. Global Warming For Dummies sorts out fact from fiction, explaining the science behind climate change and examining the possible long-term effects of a warmer planet. This no-nonsense yet friendly guide helps you explore solutions to this challenging problem, from what governments and industry can do to what you can do at home and how to get involved.
Explaining the principles underlying legal practice, this essential guide for students on the Legal Practice Course includes topical examples and scenarios to illustrate key points, worked examples to aid understanding, and checkpoints and summaries to test comprehension of the core material.
Stay on top of more than "just the basics" concerning cosmetics and skin care and deliver the state-of-the-art expertise your patients are looking for. Procedures in Cosmetic Dermatology: Cosmeceuticals, 4th Edition, improves your knowledge and expertise with the cutting-edge cosmeceuticals that produce the superior results your patients expect. Dr. Zoe Diana Draelos, along with hand-selected experts in each individual area, provides expert guidance on all of today's principal cosmeceuticals, including how to evaluate their efficacy and how to advise patients on their use. A substantial, all-new video library from Dr. Draelos answers frequently asked questions and dispels commonly held myths. - Guides you on how to advise patients regarding normal skincare routines, including new categories of cosmeceuticals. - Helps you expand your repertoire and increase your knowledge with expert content on hyaluronic acid, hydrocolloid patches, antioxidants, retinoids, stem cells, growth factor cosmeceuticals, oral collagens, peptides, clean beauty, sunscreens, cleansers, oral supplements, platelet rich plasma (PRP), and more. - Includes eight new chapters on exosomes, cannabinoids, circadian rhythm cosmeceuticals, autologous growth factors, hair growth cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals, and more. - Includes 49 all-new videos in which Dr. Draelos answers reader questions such as: Do you need both hyaluronic acid and a moisturizer to optimize the skin barrier? When should you start anti-aging interventions? Does topical PRP work? Are mineral sunscreens better than chemical sunscreens? What are your favorite products to incorporate into every skin care routine, and what is the order in which to apply them? - Provides a thorough understanding of the skin's physiology and how this affects the delivery of cosmetic products. - Speeds you directly to the information you need with summaries and key points in every chapter. Other recent titles in the Procedures in Cosmetic Dermatology Series: - Cosmetic Treatment of Skin of Color [9780323831444] - Surgical Lifting, 1st Edition [9780323673266] - Soft Tissue Augmentation, 5th Edition [9780323830751] - Hair Restoration, 1st Edition [9780323829212] - Botulinum Toxin, 5th Edition [9780323831161] - Lasers, Lights, and Energy Devices, 5th Edition [9780323829052]
The teachers thought they knew her. They were wrong... 'Must read' Bella 'A brilliant thriller' Closer 'Gripping and powerful!' Lauren North 'An addictive page-turner' Samantha Tonge 'School run revenge at its best' Jacqueline Ward 'The end was a triumph, absolutely brilliant!' Rona Halsall When single mum Ruth has a brief fling with Rob, she's mortified to discover that he lied to her. He lied to her, because he's married. Worse still, he's the husband of Janine, head of the PTA at the primary school where Ruth works as secretary, and when the truth of their fling is discovered, Ruth suddenly has a lot of enemies at the school gates. Threatening texts begin to arrive, rumours abound and the staff room becomes hostile. But when it also starts to affect her son, a student at the school, Ruth realises you can do anything if you convince yourself it's for the sake of your child. Even murder. A page-turning and deeply compulsive psychological thriller about a school secretary and how dangerous it can be to make enemies at the school gates. For fans of Big Little Lies by Liane Moriarty and The Rumour by Lesley Kara.
A study of animal sacrifice within Greek paganism, Judaism, and Christianity during the period of their interaction between about 100 BC and AD 200. After a vivid account of the realities of sacrifice in the Greek East and in the Jerusalem Temple (up to AD 70), Maria-Zoe Petropoulou explores the attitudes of early Christians towards this practice. Contrary to other studies in this area, she demonstrates that the process by which Christianity finally separated its own cultic code from the strong tradition of animal sacrifice was a slow and difficult one. Petropoulou places special emphasis on the fact that Christians gave completely new meanings to the term `sacrifice'. She also explores the question why, if animal sacrifice was of prime importance in the eastern Mediterranean at this time, Christians should ultimately have rejected it.
The first in-depth account of the sudden growth of China’s sovereign wealth funds and their transformative impact on global markets, domestic and multinational businesses, and international politics. One of the keys to China’s global rise has been its strategy of deploying sovereign wealth on behalf of state power. Since President Xi Jinping took office in 2013, China has doubled down on financial statecraft, making shrewd investments with the sovereign funds it has built up by leveraging its foreign exchange reserves. Sovereign Funds tells the story of how the Communist Party of China (CPC) became a global financier of surpassing ambition. Zongyuan Zoe Liu offers a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the evolution of China’s sovereign funds, including the China Investment Corporation, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, and Central Huijin Investment. Liu shows how these institutions have become mechanisms not only for transforming low-reward foreign exchange reserves into investment capital but also for power projection. Sovereign funds are essential drivers of the national interest, shaping global markets, advancing the historic Belt and Road Initiative, and funneling state assets into strategic industries such as semiconductors, fintech, and artificial intelligence. In the era of President Xi, state-owned financial institutions have become gatekeepers of the Chinese economy. Political and personal relationships with prestigious sovereign funds have enabled Blackstone to flourish in China and have fueled the ascendance of private tech giants such as Alibaba, Ant Finance, and Didi. As Liu makes clear, sovereign funds are not just for oil exporters. The CPC is a leader in both foreign exchange reserves investment and economic statecraft, using state capital to encourage domestic economic activity and create spheres of influence worldwide.
This book explores the ways in which Hollywood film cycles from the 1930s to the 1960s were shaped by their surrounding industrial contexts and market environments, to build an inclusive conception of the form, operation, and function of film cycles. By foregrounding patterns of distribution, spaces of exhibition, and modes of consumption as key components of the form and mechanics of cycles, this book develops a methodology for defining cycles based on an analysis of the industry and trade discourse. Applying her unique framework to six case studies of different cycles, Zoe Wallin blends a wide range of historical sources to analyze the many cultural, social, political, aesthetic, and industrial contexts relevant to these films. This book makes an important contribution to the literature in the area of film historiography, and will be of interest to any scholars of film studies, history and media studies.
Set twenty-two years before The Liberator, Causes and Courtships is Amelia Ruby’s story. Amelia’s family is poor and struggles to afford food due to soaring food prices and the Government’s restrictive food laws: no sharing, no reselling, no refunds. Her goal is to help bring change to the City, but her parents refuse to let her attend Cause-organized protests. Instead, they want her to apply for a Courtship and get married now that she’s sixteen, which is her nightmare. Her life changes when a mysterious man connected to the Cause gives her an opportunity to help some of the City’s poorest. This chance, and meeting the handsome, wealthy and kind Malcolm Connor, whom she can’t stop thinking about, leads her to make allies and enemies and to achieve her goal on a scale greater than she imagined. Along the way, she learns about friendship, explores her insecurities and discovers that love might be worth the risk.
This book provides a critical discussion of the way in which religion influences: criminal and antisocial behaviour, punishment and the law, intergroup conflict and peace-making, and the rehabilitation of offenders. The authors argue that in order to understand how religion is related to each of these domains it is essential to recognise the evolutionary origins of religion as well as how genetic and cultural evolutionary processes have shaped its essential characteristics. Durrant and Poppelwell posit that the capacity of religion to bind individuals into socially cohesive ‘moral communities’ can help us to understand its complex relationship with cooperation, crime, punishment, inter-group conflict and forgiveness. An original and innovative study, this book will be of special interest to criminologists and other social scientists interested in the role of religion in crime, punishment, intergroup conflict and law.
Insider secrets are given to choosing the most profitable mutual fund investments--plus the lowdown on diversification, boosting investments by making tax-wise decisions, and adapting portfolios to individual needs.
This engaging book is a welcome guide to the most successful and loved ballets seen on the stage today. Dance writer and critic Zoe Anderson focuses on 140 ballets, a core international repertory that encompasses works from the ethereal world of romantic ballet to the edgy, muscular works of modern choreographers. She provides a wealth of facts and insights, including information familiar only to dance world insiders, and considers such recent works as Alexei Ramansky's Shostakovich Trilogy and Christopher Wheeldon's The Winter's Tale as well as older ballets once forgotten but now returned to the repertory, such as Sylvia. To enhance enjoyment of each ballet, Anderson also offers tips on what to look for during a performance. Each chapter introduces a period of ballet history and provides an overview of innovations and advancement in the art form. In the individual entries that follow, Anderson includes essential facts about each ballet’s themes, plot, composers, choreographers, dance style, and music. The author also addresses the circumstances of each ballet’s creation and its effect in the theater, and she recounts anecdotes that illuminate performance history and reception. Reliable, accessible, and fully up to date, this book will delight anyone who attends the ballet, participates in ballet, or simply loves ballet and wants to know much more about it.
An investigation of identity formation in children's literature, this book brings together children’s literature and recent critical concerns with posthuman identity to argue that children’s fiction offers sophisticated interventions into debates about what it means to be human, and in particular about humanity’s relationship to animals and the natural world. In complicating questions of human identity, ecology, gender, and technology, Jaques engages with a multifaceted posthumanism to understand how philosophy can emerge from children's fantasy, disclosing how such fantasy can build upon earlier traditions to represent complex issues of humanness to younger audiences. Interrogating the place of the human through the non-human (whether animal or mechanical) leads this book to have interpretations that radically depart from the critical tradition, which, in its concerns with the socialization and representation of the child, has ignored larger epistemologies of humanness. The book considers canonical texts of children's literature alongside recent bestsellers and films, locating texts such as Gulliver’s Travels (1726), Pinocchio (1883) and the Alice books (1865, 1871) as important works in the evolution of posthuman ideas. This study provides radical new readings of children’s literature and demonstrates that the genre offers sophisticated interventions into the nature, boundaries and dominion of humanity.
Emerging in several different versions during the author's lifetime, Lewis Carroll's Alice novels have a publishing history almost as magical and mysterious as the stories themselves. Zoe Jaques and Eugene Giddens offer a detailed and nuanced account of the initial publication of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass and investigate how their subsequent transformations through print, illustration, film, song, music videos, and even stamp-cases and biscuit tins affected the reception of these childhood favourites. The authors consider issues related to the orality of the original tale and its impact on subsequent transmission, the differences between the manuscripts and printed editions, and the politics of writing and publishing for children in the 1860s. In addition, they take account of Carroll's own responses to the books' popularity, including his writing of major adaptations and a significant body of meta-textual commentary, and his reactions to the staging of Alice in Wonderland. Attentive to the child reader, how changing notions of childhood identity and needs affected shifting narratives of the story, and the representation of the child's body by various illustrators, the authors also make a significant contribution to childhood studies.
Pleiades witch Jennifer Marcos is certain that the host of Extreme Survivor is her soulmate. All she has to do is find a fake boyfriend, get on the show, and voila! She'll have her destiny. Unfortunately, she has to rely on ex-Russian spy Nikolai Jovec's six-foot-something of gorgeous, infuriating hotness. To make matters worse, the electric attraction between Jen and Nikolai is hotter than ever. But the only way Nikolai can protect Jen is by hiding the identity of her true Destined...him. Of course, Nikolai has no idea that every good witch knows how to play dirty. Each book in the Keepers of the Veil series is STANDALONE: * Protecting His Witch * His Witch To Keep * Playing the Witch's Game
Deakin and Morris' Labour Law, a work cited as authoritative in the higher appellate courts of several jurisdictions, provides a comprehensive analysis of current British labour law which explains the role of different legal and extra-legal sources in its evolution, including collective bargaining, international labour standards, and human rights. The new edition, while following the broad pattern of previous ones, highlights important new developments in the content of the law, and in its wider social, economic and policy context. Thus the consequences of Brexit are considered along with the emerging effects of the Covid-19 crisis, the increasing digitisation of work, and the implications for policy of debates over the role of the law in constituting and regulating the labour market. The book examines in detail the law governing individual employment relations, with chapters covering the definition of the employment relationship; the sources and regulation of terms and conditions of employment; discipline and termination of employment; and equality of treatment. This is followed by an analysis of the elements of collective labour law, including the forms of collective organisation, freedom of association, employee representation, internal trade union government, and the law relating to industrial action. The seventh edition of Deakin and Morris' Labour Law is an essential text for students of law and of disciplines related to management and industrial relations, for barristers and solicitors working in the field of labour law, and for all those with a serious interest in the subject.
In this revision of their lauded Public Opinion: Democratic Ideals, Democratic Practice, Rosalee A. Clawson and Zoe M. Oxley continue to link the enduring normative questions of democratic theory to the best empirical research on public opinion. Exploring the tension between ideals and their practice, each chapter focuses on exemplary studies so that students gain a richer understanding of key findings and the research process as well as see methods applied in context.
Lorna has everything she's ever wanted. And then one day, her beloved husband Ed dies - leaving her widowed and pregnant at 29. Eighteen months later, Lorna misses Ed as much as ever, but knows she must get out and make a new life for herself and her kids. When her mum and dad suddenly find themselves desperate for somewhere to live, what could be more natural than for them to come and live with Lorna? It'll be a great opportunity for her to go back to her job as a midwife, while they get to know their grandchildren. But that's before the mishaps, the arguments over childcare, or the rows that break out when Lorna announces that she's met a hunky doctor and is ready to start dating again.
This brief explores the resurgence of the role of doulas in the child birthing process in Chinese clinical settings, as a lens to understand comparative pre- and post-natal care worldwide. The demand for doulas in China is increasing, and the rise in the use of doulas is thought to be due to increasing dissatisfaction with current institutional maternity health care. Attention is focused on Chinese women’s relationships with their bodies and on women’s experiences of choice, agency, and access to health and reproductive services as well as maternal health care information and support. Chapters present an overview of the current experience of pre- and post- natal care in China. In addition, chapters explore interview data on how Chinese doulas construct multiple identities, in terms of serving as lactation consultants, child care providers, and child care educators for women during pregnancy and childbirth. Maternal Healthcare and Doulas in China will be of interest to researchers in public health and health policy, particularly with an interest in maternal health or Asian studies, as well as, health practitioners, and clinicians who are interested in issues related to women, maternity, health care, childbirth, and feminist research in China.
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