This book is the first longitudinal study that addresses language policy and planning in the context of a major international sporting event and examines the ideological, political, social, cultural, and economic effects of such context-specific policy initiatives on contemporary China. The book has important reference value for future research on language management at the supernational level and language services for linguistically complex events. At the same time, it presents some broader implications for current and future language policy makers, language educators and learners, particularly from non-English speaking backgrounds. Foreword by Ingrid Piller
In a country long associated with the trade in opiates, the Chinese government has for decades applied extreme measures to curtail the spread of illicit drugs, only to find that the problem has worsened. Burma is blamed as the major producer of illicit drugs and conduit for the entry of drugs into China. Which organizations are behind the heroin trade? What problems and prospects of drug control in the so-called “Golden Triangle” drug-trafficking region are faced by Chinese and Southeast Asian authorities? In The Chinese Heroin Trade, noted criminologists Ko-Lin Chin and Sheldon Zhangexamine the social organization of the trafficking of heroin from the Golden Triangle to China and the wholesale and retail distribution of the drug in China. Based on face-to-face interviews with hundreds of incarcerated drug traffickers, street-level drug dealers, users, and authorities, paired with extensive fieldwork in the border areas of Burma and China and several major urban centers in China and Southeast Asia, this volume reveals how the drug trade has evolved in the Golden Triangle since the late 1980s. Chin and Zhang also explore the marked characteristics of heroin traffickers; the relationship between drug use and sales in China; and how China compares to other international drug markets. The Chinese Heroin Trade is a fascinating, nuanced account of the world of high-risk drug trafficking in a tightly-controlled society.
This book assesses the global significance of China’s decade-long campaign to reduce poverty. After showing how the country’s unique approach to poverty alleviation brought about unparalleled progress toward achieving both the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the authors shed light on how China’s experience can help other countries around the globe as they try to permanently rid humanity of the scourge of poverty under ever more challenging social, economic and environmental conditions.
This two-volume book contains the refereed proceedings of The Second International Conference on Globalization: Challenges for Translators and Interpreters organized by the School of Translation Studies, Jinan University (China) on its Zhuhai campus, October 27-29, 2016. The interrelation between translation and globalization is essential reading for not only scholars and educators, but also anyone with an interest in translation and interpreting studies, or a concern for the future of our world’s languages and cultures. The past decade or so, in particular, has witnessed remarkable progress concerning research on issues related to this topic. Given this dynamic, The Second International Conference on Globalization: Challenges for Translators and Interpreters organized by the School of Translation Studies, Jinan University (China) organized by the School of Translation Studies, Jinan University (China), was held at the Zhuhai campus of Jinan University on October 27-29, 2016. This conference attracts a large number of translators, interpreters and researchers, providing a rare opportunity for academic exchange in this field. The 135 full papers accepted for the proceedings of The Second International Conference on Globalization: Challenges for Translators and Interpreters organized by the School of Translation Studies, Jinan University (China) were selected from 350 submissions. For each paper, the authors were shepherded by an experienced researcher. Generally, all of the submitted papers went through a rigorous peer-review process.
Unique resource provides foundation for worldwide prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of orthopaedic fractures Clinical Epidemiology of Orthopaedic Trauma, Third Edition by renowned orthopaedic surgeon and researcher Yingze Zhang and an impressive cadre of contributors expands on the widely acclaimed prior editions. Leveraging an epidemiological database with the distinction of being the largest domestic and foreign sample volume of orthopaedic trauma, this remarkable book expands on the epidemiology of fractures in China, with national incidence rates new to this edition. It offers a wealth of information that will impact treatment planning, future allocation of resources in trauma care, and initiatives in preventive medicine, worldwide. Comprehensive in scope, the new edition provides unparalleled insights into the current state of Chinese orthopaedic surgery. The book features evaluation of every fracture seen and treated at a major international trauma center—complete with AO/OTA classification and a full spectrum of fracture demographics. The text covers new theories and technologies, with concise up-to-date summaries about diagnosis and treatment of fractures of each bone. Epidemiological fracture characteristics are presented intuitively and concisely via succinct and easy-to-understand language enhanced with ample illustrations. Key Highlights Reflects a huge sample size of 414,935 patients (431,822 fractures) from 83 hospitals, as well as 390,133 patients (424,645) fractures in Taiwan province Estimated incidence rates for traumatic fractures in the overall population and subgroups—by age, gender, ethnic origin, occupation, geographical region, and residency Fracture classification text supplemented with reader-friendly color schematic diagrams, pie charts, curve graphs, and histograms enhances knowledge retention X-rays, MRIs, and CT images fully illustrate the characteristics of injuries, including complex fractures This practical and generously illustrated textbook is an essential reference for orthopaedic residents and surgeons. It is also an indispensable resource for academic researchers, medical schools, libraries, and hospitals.
On Christmas Eve, he encountered a third party that was trying to force him into a corner. He was poisoned, and then caught in a fire. This was all due to Ji Xiaomo's impenetrable death. She was paralyzed on the bed. She stood there tenaciously for six years, but in the end, she was silenced. Who on earth hated her so much? After his rebirth, he killed the scum man and battled Little Three. She thought that she had already avenged her great grudge, but a new wave of schemes approached her once again ...
China's goal of carbon neutrality by 2060 requires a significant transformation of energy systems and the economy, raising critical questions about the domestic energy legal and regulatory systems. This book critically analyses the development and implementation of energy laws and regulations related to crucial strategies and pathways towards carbon neutrality, namely decarbonising power supply, enabling fuel switching, electrifying end-use in transport and industry, and adopting carbon removal mechanisms. It offers rich legal details and insights into regulatory processes and arrangements that underpin energy market reform and liberalisation, while also examining the role of law and regulatory measures in promoting technological advancements and supply chains for decarbonisation, with a focus on renewable energy, energy efficiency and storage, electric vehicles, critical transition minerals and carbon removal mechanisms.
ICNC-FSKD is a premier international forum for scientists and researchers to present the state of the art of data mining and intelligent methods inspired from nature, particularly biological, linguistic, and physical systems, with applications to computers, circuits, systems, control, communications, and more. This is an exciting and emerging interdisciplinary area in which a wide range of theory and methodologies are being investigated and developed to tackle complex and challenging problems.
Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering - Proceedings of 16th IAHR-APD Congress and 3rd Symposium of IAHR-ISHS" discusses some serious problems of sustainable development of human society related to water resources, disaster caused by flooding or draught, environment and ecology, and introduces latest research in river engineering and fluvial processes, estuarine and coastal hydraulics, hydraulic structures and hydropower hydraulics, etc. The proceedings covers new research achievements in the Asian-Pacific region in water resources, environmental ecology, river and coastal engineering, which are especially important for developing countries all over the world. This proceedings serves as a reference for researchers in the field of water resources, water quality, water pollution and water ecology. Changkuan Zhang and Hongwu Tang both are professors at Hohai University, China.
Quotient Space Based Problem Solving provides an in-depth treatment of hierarchical problem solving, computational complexity, and the principles and applications of multi-granular computing, including inference, information fusing, planning, and heuristic search. - Explains the theory of hierarchical problem solving, its computational complexity, and discusses the principle and applications of multi-granular computing - Describes a human-like, theoretical framework using quotient space theory, that will be of interest to researchers in artificial intelligence - Provides many applications and examples in the engineering and computer science area - Includes complete coverage of planning, heuristic search and coverage of strictly mathematical models
Provides an insider's examination of China's economic reform and its political implications. The book sheds new light on the Chinese approach to reform, including its dual-goal, dynamic gradualism and reform leadership. It assesses the vast social and political changes set forth by the reform and the international ramifications of China's rise.
This book assesses China’s reputation as a global clean energy champion, and applies institutional and public policy theories to explain how the country has achieved so much and why there continue to be so many unintended consequences and constraints to progress. It considers the extent to which the government has successfully boosted the manufacture and deployment of low-carbon electricity generating infrastructure, cleaned up thermal power generation, and enhanced energy efficiency, dramatically constraining China’s rising carbon dioxide emissions, but also examines the substantial political and financial capital required to reinforce the predominantly administrative policy instruments and the mix of special interests and poor coordination that are endemic to the energy sector. Arguing that the current approach seems to be encountering ever diminishing returns, the book considers whether ongoing sector reforms and the new national emissions trading scheme can reinvigorate the nation’s clean energy trajectory.
In the last 40 years of China's economic reforms, the country has made unprecedented progress in its economic development and its position in the global stage. As a result, interest in China has resulted in numerous books focusing on the world's second largest economy. A single volume, however, cannot possibly explain the complex nature of China's economic system and its relationship with the rest of the world. China's Economic Reforms: Successes and Challenges contributes to the understanding of China's reforms by offering a detailed analysis of critical components of the country's economic architecture.Within the context of the global economy, the book illustrates the performance of the Chinese economy at both the aggregate and individual sector levels before and after reforms. Comparisons and contrasts are made with the economies of the US, Japan, South Korea, India, and Russia. The book presents the challenges facing the Chinese reform process, and explain how these challenges affect the domestic economy, the rest of the world, and the overall success of China's reforms.
This book engages with the Chinese mediation of wars and conflicts in the global environment.Proposing a new cascading media and conflict model, it applies this to the studyof war correspondents from six levels: media-policy relations, journalistic objectivity, roleperceptions, news framing and peace/war journalism, news practices, and audience. Based on interviews with 23 Chinese journalists and case study analysis of the Libyan War,Syrian War, Afghanistan War and Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the book demonstrates thata new breed of Chinese war correspondents has emerged today. They undergo a complexand nuanced mediated communication process. Neither traditionally Chinese in theirapproach nor western in their perceptions, they are uniquely pragmatic in negotiating theirroles in a complex web of internal and external actors and factors. The core ideology seemsto be anti-West in defiance of the US hegemony and the bias of global media as well asneutral-Muslims. Exploring the role perceptions, values, norms and practices of contemporary Chinese warcorrespondents who go outside China to bring the ‘distant culture’ back home, this text is keyreading for scholars and students in international journalism, international communication,war and peace studies, international relations and Chinese studies.
Reservoir Simulation: Machine Learning and Modeling helps the engineer step into the current and most popular advances in reservoir simulation, learning from current experiments and speeding up potential collaboration opportunities in research and technology. This reference explains common terminology, concepts, and equations through multiple figures and rigorous derivations, better preparing the engineer for the next step forward in a modeling project and avoid repeating existing progress. Well-designed exercises, case studies and numerical examples give the engineer a faster start on advancing their own cases. Both computational methods and engineering cases are explained, bridging the opportunities between computational science and petroleum engineering. This book delivers a critical reference for today's petroleum and reservoir engineer to optimize more complex developments. - Understand commonly used and recent progress on definitions, models, and solution methods used in reservoir simulation - World leading modeling and algorithms to study flow and transport behaviors in reservoirs, as well as the application of machine learning - Gain practical knowledge with hand-on trainings on modeling and simulation through well designed case studies and numerical examples.
Formaldehyde is virtually ubiquitous in the modern environment due to its cost-effective nature, its use in resin formation, and its preservative properties. Though formaldehyde is necessary for many products and processes important to the world’s economy, this economic dependence on formaldehyde comes at a cost to public health. Growth and consequent industrialization rely heavily on formaldehyde use. New buildings—residences, public places, and offices—are not only built with timber preserved by formaldehyde, but they are also furnished with wood, wool, and textile products that contain formaldehyde. The general population faces environmental exposure from indoor and outdoor air pollution, food, and even medicine. Scientific inquiry into formaldehyde exposure has grown in response. This book consolidates the new and established body of formaldehyde research in the scholarly community, focusing on exposure, genotoxicity, and adverse health outcomes. Through this resource, we hope to increase awareness of the broad range of health effects posed by formaldehyde exposure, and to encourage interdisciplinary interest, as well as research, into this pervasive compound—especially in the United States and China, where formaldehyde production and usage is high. This book will be useful to researchers of environmental and occupational exposure, students, and government regulators and anyone exposed to formaldehyde in the workplace and/or at home.
This is a book of China's own political narrative written by one of China's leading and best-known thinkers. It is the last part of the author's 'China Trilogy', which is a best-seller in China, with over one million copies sold. The book in itself is a centerpiece of the unfolding debate within China on the nature and future of the country and how it compares with the West. It addresses a hugely important issue of the day, i.e., in what way China is overtaking or may overtake the United States as the world's preeminent power. The author provides an original and thought-provoking study on how China has managed, through its own development model, to catch up and even surpass, to various extents, the United States, in terms of gross GDP, net household assets and social protection.The book elaborates on how China has engaged itself in reshaping its institutions to ensure its smooth rise, drawing on the strengths of its own traditions, socialist legacies and elements from the West. It analyzes the weakness of the Western political institutions and discusses how China has developed its own institutional edge over the West. The author argues that as a civilizational state, China has evolved a logic of its own for development and its own political discourse which questions seriously many Western assumptions about democracy, good governance and universal values.The book recaptures the essence of China's past glory and discusses the horizon of the Chinese dream as well as how China should meet the various challenges ahead. It offers a unique and original perspective on the future of this coming superpower. Like The China Wave, this book is both discerning and provocative, and serves as a required reading for everyone concerned with the rise of China and its global implications.
This collection of articles covers the hottest topics in contemporary applied mathematics. Multiscale modeling, material computing, symplectic methods, parallel computing, mathematical biology, applied differential equations and engineering computing problems are all included. The book contains the latest results of many leading scientists and provides a window on new trends in research in the field. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: An Iterative BEM for the Inverse Problem of Detecting Corrosion in a Pipe (467 KB). Contents: An Iterative BEM for the Inverse Problem of Detecting Corrosion in a Pipe (J Cheng et al.); Optimal Order Integration on the Sphere (K Hesse & I H Sloan); Inverse Problems in Bioluminescence Tomography (M Jiang et al.); Global Dynamic Properties of Protein Networks (F-T Li et al.); Distance Geometry Problem and Algorithm Based on Barycentric Coordinates (H-X Huang & C-J Wang); On Ill-Posedness and Inversion Scheme for 2-D Backward Heat Conduction (J-J Liu); Error Analysis on Scrambled Quasi-Monte Carlo Quadrature Rules Using Sobol Points (R-X Yue); and other papers. Readership: Graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics.
This book discusses on the Impact Mechanism of Carbon Tariffs and Carbon Labeling on Agri-trade and Emissions Reduction. Specifically, (1) it has analyzed the effect of carbon tariffs on Agri-trade and emissions reduction based on the hypothesis of carbon factor movement and the game theory, and built a Theoretical Model for carbon labeling to lead low-carbon behavior based on the international practices; (2) it simulated the impact of carbon tariffs on world's macro-economy and Agri-trade in China and worldwide using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model; (3) it has made the first attempt to see the differences of willingness to pay for low-carbon products, purchasing behavior and expectations for government subsidies between consumers of different regions at different levels in China, by adopting questionnaire survey and scenario experiment; and (4) it has done an empirical analysis of carbon labels’ effect on low carbon consumption behavior based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and experimental observation data with large samples. Finally, it has proposed policy recommendations based on the findings of the above theoretic and empirical studies.
This book systematically reviews the experiences and problems encountered in the development of China’s rural areas over the past three decades since the start of the country’s economic reform. As such, it addresses the most important aspects in terms of China’s rural communities, farmers and agriculture from the perspective of development, such as the agricultural management system, rural land tenure system, rural fiscal and taxation system, financial system, science and technology system, rural governance structure, poverty alleviation, environmental protection, etc. The approach employed combines essential theories, laws, and policy strategies with rural development practice in order to analyze the success stories and lingering problems, to explore the causes of both, and to offer an outlook on the future of rural development.
This book starts from the application scenarios of artificial financial intelligence regulation, commercial banking, wealth management and payments, etc., and makes a detailed study of the main scenarios of the application of China's artificial intelligence in the financial field, and also analysis specific application cases of China.With the popularization of smart phones and the rapid development of e-commerce, mobile payment, big data and other technologies are in the ascendant in China in recent years. In particular, artificial intelligence technologies in the form of facial, speech and semantic recognition are showing preliminary advantages in the field of FinTech, and the future era of Intelligent Finance has quietly come. The Chinese government has clearly put forward "China should rely on a robust cycle of domestic demand and innovation as the main driver of the economy while maintaining foreign markets and investors as a second engine of growth", science and technology innovation is the basic motivation of economic and social cycle, to implement the " dual circulation strategy ", it is necessary to understand the key role of scientific and technological innovation in financial innovation services, and improve financial services must be driven by science and technology. There is a natural relationship between artificial intelligence and financial services, because financial services are credit and information intermediaries, and data is the most critical for finance, while artificial intelligence has a super ability in dealing with complex data. At present, many Chinese Banks have applied artificial intelligence to their daily operations and management, such as accurate customer identification, enhanced process tracking, intelligent marketing, and product process transformation, so as to simplify financial service processes and shorten service cycles. In General, this book both pays attention to practical application and theoretical, which is a useful reference book in theoretical research and practical work, and also helps readers to understand the application of intelligent finance in China.
This handbook mainly introduces the diagnosis and treatment methods of COVID-19 in traditional Chinese and Western medicine. In particular, principles for clinical treatments, therapeutic methods and prognostic rehabilitation interventions for the four types of clinical manifestations are elaborated. A chapter detailing guidance for healthy individuals on scientific prevention measures is also included, making this book suitable for not only frontline COVID-19 personnel and TCM enthusiasts, but also the general public.
Cultural sustainability is a very important aspect of the overall sustainability framework and is regarded as the fourth pillar alongside the other three: environmental, economic, and social sustainability. However, the concept is neither fully explored, nor widely accepted or recognized. This book elicits the interplay of nature-culture-architecture and theorizes the concept of cultural sustainability and culturally sustainable architecture. It identifies four key themes in Chinese philosophy: Harmony with Heaven, Harmony with Earth, Harmony with Humans, and Harmony with Self, along with Greek philosopher Aristotle’s physics: form, space, matter, and time, it sets them as criteria to evaluate the renewed and new courtyard housing projects constructed in China since the 1990s. Using an innovative architectural and social science approach, this book examines the political, economic, social, and spatial factors that affect cultural sustainability. Supported by a multiplicity of data including: field surveys, interviews with residents, architects, and planners, time diaries, drawings, photos, planning documents, observation notes, and real estate brochures, the book proposes new courtyard garden house design strategies that promote healthy communities and human care for one another, a concept that is universally applicable. The volume is a first opportunity to take a holistic view, to encompass eastern and western, tangible and intangible, cultures in the theorization of cultural sustainability and culturally sustainable architecture. It is a comprehensive contribution to architectural theory.
This is the first theoretical book on Chinese Cultural Soft Power. It focuses on the inner logical relations between Chinese cultural soft power and the realization of the China Dream, while also offering detailed explanations of the scope of and essential questions concerning Chinese cultural soft power. The book is divided into six parts, which, taken together, concisely yet thoroughly examine the theoretical roots of soft power and the current status of China’s soft power as illustrated in concrete cases. On this basis, the author subsequently draws a cautious overall conclusion on the development of China’s soft power.
This book looks back to 40 years ago for the whole history of China’s reform and opening-up and focuses on the role change of China in the relationship with outside world. In the first half part, the author explores China’s economic reform and opening-up policy from theoretical analysis and systematic interpretation. In the second part, the author aims to present how China’s international roles have changed in recent years and the Chinese appeal and purpose of participating in and improving global governance procedure. The author answers the question of why China has obtained miraculous achievements after its reform and opening-up from academic perspective and provides representative cases with profound but not obscure theoretical interpretation. It is a must-read for anyone who is interested in contemporary China’s economy and foreign affairs.
By integrating different research angles and methods of philosophy of law, sociology of law, applied linguistics, and legal translation, this book presents a groundbreaking approach to the non-standardization phenomenon in Chinese legislative language, unveils the underlying causes and adverse effects thereof, and provides potential principles, strategies, and methods to be followed in the standardization of Chinese legislative language. Divided into three parts, this book firstly talks about the fuzziness of language, addressing both the active and negative influences thereof on the legislation; secondly approaches the non-standardization phenomenon in Chinese legislative language from the perspective of philosophy of law; and thirdly offers a comprehensive studies on the standardization of Chinese legislative language, offering possible solutions to address the above-mentioned problems and promote the standardized development of law making. This book facilitates the legal practitioners, jurists, law students, legal translators as well as the non-experts to get a better understanding of the mechanism and process of legislation and improve their skills and capacities in apprehending and translating Chinese laws and regulations.
In Making the New World Their Own, Qiong Zhang offers a systematic study of how Chinese scholars in the late Ming and early Qing came to understand that the earth is shaped as a globe. This notion arose from their encounters with Matteo Ricci, Giulio Aleni and other Jesuits. These encounters formed a fascinating chapter in the early modern global integration of space. It unfolded as a series of mutually constitutive and competing scholarly discourses that reverberated in fields from cosmology, cartography and world geography to classical studies. Zhang demonstrates how scholars such as Xiong Mingyu, Fang Yizhi, Jie Xuan, Gu Yanwu, and Hu Wei appropriated Jesuit ideas to rediscover China’s place in the world and reconstitute their classical tradition. Winner of the Chinese Historians in the United States (CHUS) "2015 Academic Excellence Award
In Oral Traditions in Contemporary China: Healing a Nation, Juwen Zhang provides a systematic survey of such oral traditions as folk and fairy tales, proverbs, ballads, and folksongs that are vibrantly practiced today. Zhang establishes a theoretical framework for understanding how Chinese culture has continued for thousands of years with vitality and validity, core and arbitrary identity markers, and folkloric identity. This framework, which describes a cultural self-healing mechanism, is equally applicable to the exploration of other traditions and cultures in the world. Through topics from Chinese Cinderella to the Grimms of China, from proverbs like “older ginger is spicier” to the life-views held by the Chinese, and from mountain songs and ballads to the musical instruments like the clay-vessel-flute, the author weaves these oral traditions across time and space into a mesmerizing intellectual journey. Focusing on contemporary practice, this book serves as a bridge between Chinese and international folklore scholarship and other related disciplines as well. Those interested in Chinese culture in general and Chinese folklore, literature, and oral tradition in particular will certainly delight in perusing this book.
Scale-Size and Structural Effects of Rock Materials presents the latest research on the scale-size and structural effects of rock materials, including test methods, innovative technologies, and applications in indoor testing, rock mechanics and rock engineering. Importantly, the book explains size-dependent failure criteria, including the multiaxial failure and Hoek-Brown failure criterion. Five chapters cover the size effect of rock samples, rock fracture toughness, scale effects of rock joints, microseismic monitoring and application, and structural effects of rock blocks. The book reflects on the scientific and technical challenges from extensive research in Australia and China. The title is innovative, practical and content-rich. It will be useful to mining and geotechnical engineers researching the scale-size and structural effects of rock materials, including test methods, innovative technologies and applications in indoor testing, rock mechanics, and engineering, and to those on-site technical specialists who need a reliable and up to date reference. - Presents the latest theory and research on the scale, size and structure of rock materials - Develops new methods for evaluating the scale-size dependency and structural effects of rock and rock-like materials - Describes new technologies in mining engineering, tunneling engineering and slope engineering - Provides an account of size-dependent failure criterion, including multiaxial and Hoek-Brown - Gives practical and theoretical insights based on extensive experience on Australian and Chinese geotechnical projects
This book gives an overview on mid-infrared optical glass and fibers laser, it cover the underlying principle, historic background, as well as recent advances in materials processing and enhanced properties for rare earth doped luminescence, spectroscopy lasers, or optical nonlinearity applications. It describes in great detail, the preparation of high purity non-oxide IR glass and fibers to be used as mid-IR fiber laser and supercontinuum sources for optical fiber spectroscopy. It will be useful for academics, researchers and engineers in various disciplines who require a broad introduction to the subject and would like to learn more about the state-of-the-art and upcoming trends in mid-infrared fiber source development, particularly for industrial, medical and military applications.
This book aims to provide first-hand information for readers who are concerned about inclusive finance and sustainable development by summarizing China’s policy measures and practical innovations in the development of inclusive finance and expects to provide China’s experience for the development of inclusive finance in more regions. From a worldwide perspective, a large number of people had been excluded from formal financial services for a long time due to various factors. Even in developed economies with sound financial systems, relatively disadvantaged groups are often denied access to effective financial services. In 2005, the United Nations proposed the concept of Inclusive Finance, emphasizing the extension of financial services to less developed regions and low-income groups in society at an affordable cost by improving financial infrastructure and providing them with reasonably priced and convenient financial services. In 2015, the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, making inclusive finance an important focus for achieving sustainable development. It has become a global consensus to vigorously develop inclusive finance. China has attached importance to improving financial services for disadvantaged groups such as rural residents, micro-, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and others. In 2013, Developing “Inclusive Finance” became China’s national strategy. In 2015, China formulated the Plan for Promoting the Development of Inclusive Finance (2016-2020). In 2016, during its presidency of the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI), China proposed the issue of "Digital Financial Inclusion" and issued the G20 High-level Principles for Digital Financial Inclusion at the G20 Hangzhou Summit in the same year. Through policy guidance and active practice by the financial sector, China has gradually formed a unique development model of inclusive finance and achieved remarkable successes. Physical outlets, service machines and online service channels have been improved, and basic financial services have generally covered both urban and rural areas. The financial services for rural households and MSMEs have improved significantly. The efficiency and convenience of financial services have been significantly improved, and the satisfaction of financial services has significantly increased. China's experience in inclusive finance has been recognized by the international community. In 2017, five cases from China were selected in the G20 report on Digital Financial Inclusion: Emerging Policy Approaches.
During the Ming-Qing transition (roughly from the 1570s to the 1680s), literati-officials in China employed public forms of writing, art, and social spectacle to present positive moral images of themselves and negative images of their rivals. The rise of print culture, the dynastic change, and the proliferating approaches to Confucian moral cultivation together gave shape to this new political culture. Confucian Image Politics considers the moral images of officials—as fathers, sons, husbands, and friends—circulated in a variety of media inside and outside the court. It shows how power negotiations took place through participants’ invocations of Confucian ethical ideals in political attacks, self-expression, self-defense, discussion of politically sensitive issues, and literati community rebuilding after the dynastic change. This first book-length study of early modern Chinese politics from the perspective of critical men’s history shows how images—the Donglin official, the Fushe scholar, the turncoat figure—were created, circulated, and contested to serve political purposes.
From start-up founders in the Chinese equivalent of Silicon Valley to rural villages experiencing an e-commerce boom to middle-class women reselling luxury goods, the rise of internet-based entrepreneurship has affected every part of China. For many, reinventing oneself as an entrepreneur has appeared to be an appealing way to adapt to a changing economy and society. Yet in practice, digital entrepreneurship has also reinforced traditional Chinese ideas about state power, labor, gender, and identity. Lin Zhang explores how the everyday labor of entrepreneurial reinvention is remaking China amid changing geopolitical currents. She tells the stories of people from diverse class, gender, and age backgrounds across rural, urban, and transnational settings in rich detail, providing a multifaceted and ground-level view of the twenty-first-century Chinese economy. Zhang explores the surge in digital entrepreneurialism against the backdrop of global financial crises, the U.S.-China trade war, and the COVID-19 pandemic. She argues that the rise of internet-based industries and practices has simultaneously empowered and exploited digital entrepreneurs and laborers. Despite embracing high-tech innovation, state-led entrepreneurialization does not represent a radical break with the past. It has provided a means for implementing developmental goals while retaining the importance of the traditional family and generating new inequalities. Shedding new light on global capitalism and the digital economy by centering a non-Western perspective, The Labor of Reinvention vividly conveys how the contradictions of entrepreneurialism have played out in China.
Surveillance video has a wide range of applications in many fields, such as national economic construction, public security information construction, and widely adopted countries worldwide. The infrastructure of the video surveillance system has begun to take shape and is still rapid expansion. As thousands of surveillance cameras monitor and record round the clock, the amount of video data has been explosive growth. Finding the required information in a large number of surveillance videos is undoubtedly a needle in a haystack. Motion is a significant feature of video, and much meaningful visual information is contained in the movement. In many application scenarios, like road traffic monitoring, security for major events, guidance for military aircraft, and autonomous vehicle, people tend to pay more attention to the moving object. The analysis shows that the key frame extraction of surveillance video based on motion analysis has important practical significance. Hence, this book puts forward several key frame extraction methods of surveillance video around capturing the target motion state.
Food production worldwide is primarily carried out by smallholder farmers. Closing the gap between actual smallholder yield and those achievable through scientific research is vital to increasing the food availability and efficient use of inputs and natural resources. Multiple factors and constraints contribute to these production gaps, including uncoordinated linkages between education, research and extension. These linkages are often supply-driven and top-down, and unable to respond to the diversity of location-specific, locally-adaptive and multiple knowledge demands – as smallholders are a diverse group in terms of incomes, knowledge, perceptions and farming practices. In 2005, China Agricultural University (CAU) launched a pilot agricultural development project in partnership with Quzhou County in Hebei Province of China to work together to develop high-yielding technologies. In 2009, CAU professors and postgraduate students moved their research programs from the experimental station to the village, and rented a backyard, where they lived, worked and studied high-yielding technologies and responses from the farmers. Gradually, their backyard work attracted more farmers and encouraged their participation. The backyard thus became a science and technology dissemination platform in the local community. From then on, farmers, scientists and students referred to the project as the Science and Technology Backyard (STB). This publication was prepared as a case study report on the Science and Technology Backyard (STB).
This book provides the basic theory, method framework and application results of urban metabolism. Urban metabolism is an important research philosophy and approach for analyzing urban mega organism and its ecological environmental problems. It has constantly formed quantitative network research framework and analysis methods in a metaphor way and expanded its application in different scales such as global, national, urban agglomeration and city to support the process of multi-scale regional sustainable development.
Black phosphorus (BP)-based two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are used as components in practical industrial applications in biomedicine, electronics, and photonics. There is a need to controllably shape engineered scalable structures of 2D BP building blocks, and their assembly/organization is desired for the formation of three-dimensional (3D) forms such as macro and hybrid architectures, as it is expected that these architectures will deliver even better materials performance in applications. Semiconducting Black Phosphorus: From 2D Nanomaterial to Emerging 3D Architecture provides an overview of the various synthetic strategies for 2D BP single-layer nanomaterials, their scalable synthesis, properties, and assemblies into 3D architecture. The book covers defect engineering and physical properties of black phosphorous; describes different strategies for the development of 2D nanostructures of BP with other species such as polymers, organic molecules, and other inorganic materials; offers a comparative study of 3D BP structures with other 3D architectures such as dichalcogenides (TMDs, graphene, and boron nitride); and discusses in detail applications of 3D macrostructures of BP in various fields such as energy, biomedical, and catalysis. This is an essential reference for researchers and advanced students in materials science and chemical, optoelectronic, and electrical engineering.
This book highlights the intrinsic structures of all kinds of energetic compounds and some structure–property relationships therein. Energetic materials are a class of energy materials that can transiently release a large amount of gases and heat by self-redox after stimulated and usually refer to explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics. Nowadays, in combination with various theories and simulation-aided material design technologies, many new kinds of energetic materials like energetic extended solids, energetic ionic salts, energetic metal organic frames, energetic co-crystals and energetic perovskites have been created, in addition to traditional energetic molecular crystals. It is somewhat dazzling, and an issue of how we can understand these new types of energetic materials is raised. In the past about 20 years, we were immersed in the computational energetic materials. By means of defining a concept of intrinsic structures of energetic materials, which refers to the crystal packing structure of energetic materials, as well as molecule for molecular solid specially, the microscopic structures have been mostly clarified, and related with many macroscopic properties and performances, with molecular simulations. This book presents our understanding about it. Thereby, a simply and new way to readily understand energetic materials is expected to be paved, based on this book. It contains energetic molecular crystals, energetic ionic crystals, energetic atomic crystals, energetic metallic crystals and energetic mixed-type crystals and the substructures closest to crystal packing. Meanwhile, the common intermolecular interactions in energetic crystals will be introduced. In addition, theoretical and simulation methods for treating the intrinsic structures will be briefed, as they are the main tools to reveal the molecules and crystals. Besides, the polymorphism as a level of intrinsic structures will be briefly discussed. In the final of this book, we introduce the crystal engineering of energetic materials. This book features the first proposal of intrinsic structure and crystal engineering of energetic materials and the understanding of the properties and performances of energetic materials by maintaining a concept that structure determines property. It helps to promote the rationality in creating new energetic materials, rather than increase experience.
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