First Published in 1988 Entrepreneurship in the Third World argues that the substantial theoretical literature on entrepreneurship and small business development really relates to the developed world only and is not applicable to the developing world. It argues that, because of the very different circumstances indeed which apply in the developing world- for example, the less developed banking system or the expectation that breadwinners provide for extended families- new theories of entrepreneurship and small business development need to be generated for the developing world. It goes on to put forward theories here, analysing and presenting a substantial body of original data. It discusses policies which third world countries have adopted to assist small business growth and concludes by suggesting, in the light of the research findings and the theories put forward, how these might be improved. This book will be of interest to scholars and researchers of Pakistani economics, South Asian economics, and business economics.
First Published in 1983 Pakistani Entrepreneurs covers the role of the entrepreneur within Pakistan. His origins, religious and educational background, and family play a more important part in the development of the Pakistani entrepreneur than is the case with his western counterpart. In particular, the influence of caste was considered in the context of attitudes towards bargaining and credit, knowledge of and information on markets and raw materials. This is a systematic and probing study of efforts at Industrialisation in Pakistan, and of the way entrepreneurs have risen to the challenges of its offers. This book will be of interest to scholars and researchers of Pakistani economics, South Asian economics, and business economics.
Allama Mohammad Iqbal, whom Sarojini Naidu called the ‘Poet laureate of Asia’, remains a controversial figure in the history of the Indian subcontinent. On the one hand, he is considered the ‘Spiritual Father of Pakistan’. On the other, his message of Eastern revivalism places him in the ranks of the twentieth century’s major intellectuals. Iqbal’s tragedy was that after his death, he was made the national poet of Pakistan and largely ignored in India. In his time, he was lauded as much as Tagore, but today India celebrates Tagore while Iqbal has been banished from her consciousness. This meticulously researched biography will redress that erasure. This is the story of Iqbal’s evolution as a poet, philosopher and politician. While his role in the struggle for India’s freedom and the Pakistan movement are well known, not much is known about his personal life. This book highlights some of the least known facets of the poet’s life: how did a nationalist poet transform into a poet of Islamic revivalism and global revolution? How did three years in Europe change Iqbal’s political and philosophical outlook? Why did he start writing in Persian during his stay in Europe? Why did his first marriage fail and how did his romantic relationships affect him? What exactly was the poet’s role in bringing about Partition? Written with the passion of an ardent devotee, Zafar Anjum’s Iqbal answers all of these questions—and many more—in this carefully told biography.
The importance of hadith as the basis of Islamic law, theology, and ethics cannot be underestimated. Alongside the Quran, it constitutes the second source of Islamic shariah and one's practice. While no Muslim will challenge the authority of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) as many have differing views with regards to ascertaining exactly what the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said and did. This difference is a consequence of the diverse methodologies employed in establishing the normative practices of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). The spectrum of ideas and opinions encompasses the entire scope of thought from outright rejection of hadith to a highly literal reading of it. This translation provides yet another approach to understanding hadith. The translated text is the introduction to a large multi-volume work in Arabic called I'la as-Sunan. The original work was a response to the Ahle hadith allegation that the school of Imam Abu Hanifah is deprived of hadith. In this introduction, the author pens his methodology for writing the I'la as-Sunan. The author endeavors to deconstruct the false understanding that hadith science is absolute and fixed. He argues that since the science of hadith is not prescriptive in the shariah, no one group can lay claim to it or claim a universal understanding of it. This book will be of interest to students who have a penchant for abstract theories and methods and to advanced students of hadith and Islamic thoughts. About the Author Mawlana Zafar Ahmad al-Uthmani, the illustrious nephew of Hakim al-Ummah Mawlana Ashraf Ali at-Thanawi was born on 13 Rabi al-Awwal 1310/1892. Allah bestowed him with a remarkable memory and at a tender age he memorized the Holy Quran. From the age of seven, he was studying mathematics, Persian, and Urdu with Mawlana Yasin, the father of Mufti Shafi. He studied the Islamic sciences under various teachers including his maternal uncle Hakim al-Ummah in both Thana Bhawan as well as Kanpur. After receiving a license in the sacred and rational sciences, he went to the Islamic seminary Mazahir Ulum and became a student of the hadith master and Gnostic Mawlana Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri. He received his license to teach hadith at the young age of 18. He then became a professor of Islamic sciences in various institutions including his alma mater Mazahir Ulum and Imdad al-Ulum in Thana Bhawan. He is the author of many books on the sacred sciences of which the I'la as-Sunan is his magnum opus.
For most Urdu speakers in the Indian subcontinent, Iqbal has long been one of the most loved and admired poets. Much has been written about his poetry and philosophy . This book stays away from his politics. Iqbal first received recognition in the West in 1920 when his translation of Asrar-e-Khudi by R. A. Nicholson (The Secrets of the Self) first appeared. Most of the recurring criticism was on his concept of Khudi which Iqbal addressed then and later, explaining the basic nature of influence of much older Sufi philosophy on khudi versus Nietzsches bermensch. Several authors, both from the subcontinent and the West, have translated Iqbals poetry before, and in this book have highlighted the positive outcomes over some controversies and confusion. This book presents translation of well over 150 of Iqbals Urdu poems from Kuliyaath-e-Iqbal and about 30 or so from Payam-e-Mashriq (PM), in Persian. Iqbal offered PM as a response to Goethes West-stlicher Diwan, in German. Goethe had long been interested in Eastern (rather, Middle Eastern) culture and his Divan was inspired by the fourteenth-century Persian poet Hafez/Hafiz/Hafis, which also involved some literary traverse through a different religio-philosophical territory. Translation from Urdu or Persian to English across a vast cultural, prosodic, and linguistic gulf presents enormous problems. Section On Translation discusses some of these issues. Although Iqbals philosophy has been covered from by many others before, some of Iqbals own explanation of Khudi in a larger historical Sufi context are discussed here. In addition, Iqbals own contribution to what Goethe called Weltliteratur (or world literature), is recognized in PM (mostly) and elsewhere in his Urdu Kuliyaath. Iqbal not just brought various Western themes and figures to Urdu literature, but presented them, with his own comments and interpretation, to a readership that may have been largely unfamiliar with these Western themes. The Appendices include important recognition Iqbal received in Germany.
A letter written with the hopes of bringing back her mother, a story of love that evolves and dies in glimpses, friendships formed in a cemetery and a little girl whose hair got burnt. Addressed to heaven is a collection of short stories that relates to everyday life but more importantly, to an everyday human. Madness: Every individual carries a world within. Our heads comprise of secret universes. What we think, what we do is a question we can’t answer. And amidst this, madness resides. This theme explores dark depression and unforgiving pangs of anxiety that can grip one anywhere. Self-harm and that one blinking thought to end oneself completely. Dreamers: They come from tiny places; tiny spaces. They dream of going to unheard places doing unimaginable things. The belief that anyone can do anything drives them. And its fire refuses to die. “One day…” and so it goes. Femme: Only women know what women are, the rest are spectators. Theme is dedicated to God’s most beautiful creation, the creator of life and many roles that she wears like a cape: women. Semicolon: What could have ended, but didn’t. What could have stopped, but didn’t. Think about it and your world can go round. A semicolon of one’s life bents it into ways one could not have predicted. Theme explores the wars and lives that could have stopped but didn’t, all because of a dot and a comma combined.
Seventy-seven million Pakistanis are going hungry, and 45 million are malnourished. Weather, resource shortages, and conflict all intensify Pakistan's food insecurity. This new publication examines Pakistan's food woes from a variety of angles.
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