This book offers an original contribution to the foundations of logic and mathematics and focuses on the internal logic of mathematical theories, from arithmetic or number theory to algebraic geometry. Arithmetical logic is the term used to refer to the internal logic of classical arithmetic, here called Fermat-Kronecker arithmetic and combines Fermat’s method of infinite descent with Kronecker’s general arithmetic of homogeneous polynomials. The book also includes a treatment of theories in physics and mathematical physics to underscore the role of arithmetic from a constructivist viewpoint. The scope of the work intertwines historical, mathematical, logical and philosophical dimensions in a unified critical perspective; as such, it will appeal to a broad readership from mathematicians to logicians, to philosophers interested in foundational questions. Researchers and graduate students in the fields of philosophy and mathematics will benefit from the author’s critical approach to the foundations of logic and mathematics.
First Published in 1999. This book brings together the ideas of theoretician Marvin Minsky and philosopher Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Provencal's theory inverts Minsky's society of the mind into the mind of society, giving a new and firm basis to the Teilhardian idea of Noosphere and allowing for unsuspected transdisciplinary regularities between several scientific domains including physics, biology and anthropology. Provencal aims to show that a very special type of global, planetary consciousness is emerging and to explain better the way in which human ideas constitute a global, auto-organizing system.
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