Between 1840 and 1930, approximately 900,000 people left Quebec for the United States and settled in French-Canadian colonies in New England's industrial cities. Yves Roby draws from first-person accounts to explore the conversion of these immigrants and their descendants from French-Canadian to Franco-American. The first generation of immigrants saw themselves as French Canadians who had relocated to the United States. They were not involved with American society and instead sought to recreate their lost homeland. The Franco-Americans of New England reveals that their children, however, did not see a need to create a distinct society. Although they maintained aspects of their language, religion, and customs, they felt no loyalty to Canada and identified themselves as Franco-American. Roby's analysis raises insightful questions about not only Franco-Americans but also the integration of ethno-cultural groups into Canadian society and the future of North American Francophonies.
According to current understanding, Malthus was hostile to an excess of population because it caused social sufferings, while Marx was favourable to demographic growth in so far as a large proletariat was a factor aggravating the contradictions of capitalism. This is unfortunately an oversimplification. Both raised the same crucial question: when considered as an economic variable, how does population fit into the analysis of economic growth? Even though they started from the same analytical standpoint, Marx established a very different diagnosis from that of Malthus and built a social doctrine no less divergent. The book also discusses the theoretical and doctrinal contribution of the liberal economists, writing at the onset of the industrial revolution in France (1840-1870), and those of their contemporary, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who shared with Marx the denunciation of the capitalist system. By paying careful attention to the social, economic, and political context, this book goes beyond the shortcomings of the classification between pro- and anti-populationism. It sheds new light over nineteenth century controversies over population in France, a case study for Europe.
In Europe today, staunchly nationalist parties such as France’s National Front and the Austrian Freedom Party are identified as far-right movements, though supporters seldom embrace that label. More often, “far right” is pejorative, used by liberals to tar these groups with the taint of Fascism, Nazism, and other discredited ideologies. Jean-Yves Camus and Nicolas Lebourg’s critical look at the far right throughout Europe—from the United Kingdom to France, Germany, Poland, Italy, and elsewhere—reveals a prehistory and politics more complex than the stereotypes suggest and warns of the challenges these movements pose to the EU’s liberal-democratic order. The European far right represents a confluence of many ideologies: nationalism, socialism, anti-Semitism, authoritarianism. In the first half of the twentieth century, the radical far right achieved its apotheosis in the regimes of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. But these movements have evolved significantly since 1945, as Far-Right Politics in Europe makes clear. The 1980s marked a turning point in political fortunes, as national-populist parties began winning seats in European parliaments. Since the terrorist attacks of 9/11 in the United States, a new wave has unfurled, one that is explicitly anti-immigrant and Islamophobic in outlook. Though Europe’s far-right parties differ in important respects, they are motivated by a common sense of mission: to save their homelands from what they view as the corrosive effects of multiculturalism and globalization by creating a closed-off, ethnically homogeneous society. Members of these movements are increasingly determined to gain power through legitimate electoral means. In democracies across Europe, they are succeeding.
Thermomechanical Behavior of Dissipative Composite Materials presents theoretical and numerical tools for studying materials and structures under fully coupled thermomechanical conditions, focusing primarily on composites. The authors cover many aspects of the modeling process and provide the reader with the knowledge required to identify the conservation laws and thermodynamic principles that must be respected by most solid materials. The book also covers construct constitutive laws for various types of dissipative processes, both rate-independent and rate-dependent, by utilizing a rigorous thermodynamic framework. Topics explored are useful for graduate students and advanced researchers who wish to strengthen their knowledge of the application of thermodynamic principles. - Identifies the conservation laws and thermodynamic principles that need to be respected by any solid material - Presents construct, proper constitutive laws for various types of dissipative processes, both rate-independent and rate-dependent, by utilizing an appropriate thermodynamic framework - Includes robust numerical algorithms that permit accuracy and efficiency in the calculations of very complicated constitutive laws - Uses rigorous homogenization theories for materials and structures with both periodic and random microstructure
The current status of the science and technology related to coatings, thin films and surface modifications produced by directed energy techniques is assessed in Materials Surface Processing by Directed Energy Techniques. The subject matter is divided into 20 chapters - each presented at a tutorial level – rich with fundamental science and experimental results. New trends and new results are also evoked to give an overview of future developments and applications. - Provides a broad overview on modern coating and thin film deposition techniques, and their applications - Presents and discusses various problems of physics and chemistry involved in the production, characterization and applications of coatings and thin films - Each chapter includes experimental results illustrating various models, mechanisms or theories
During the meeting held on 17-19 September 1997 in Brest, some potential uses of marine microorganisms were examined in order to assess current knowledge. Communications reported in this publication refer principally to the substances found in these microorganisms: in particular to long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids produced by bacteria, cyanobacteria and microalgae; enzymes, focusing on those stable at high temperatures, from deep sea bacteria; polysaccharides from bacteria; other substance presenting biological activities that could be of interest for pharmaceutical, food, feed or cosmetics industries and for preventing marine fouling and contamination by heavy metals. Some general aspects have also been examined, such as methods and means for microalgae strain holding, research of biological activities, culture of those microorganisms, and purification of molecules. Industrial issues related to these developments were presented by representatives from some relevant industries.
After two centuries during which it had nearly disappeared in Western countries, sortition is used again as a method of selecting people who could speak for, and in certain cases decide for, all the citizenry. What is the meaning of this comeback? To answer this question, this book offers a historical analysis. It brings together a number of the best specialists on political sortition from antiquity to contemporary experiments, in Europe but also in the Ancient Middle East and in imperial China. With a transdisciplinary perspective, this volume demonstrates that sortition has been a crucial device in political history; that the instruments and places where sortition was practised matter for the understanding of the social and political logics at stake; and that these logics have been quite different, random selection being sometimes an instrument of radical democracy and in other contexts a tool for solving conflicts among elites. Will sortition in politics helps to democratize democracy in the twenty-first century?
This book investigates the unique hydrodynamics and heat transfer problems that are encountered in the vicinity of the critical point of fluids. Emphasis is given on weightlessness conditions, gravity effects and thermovibrational phenomena. Near their critical point, fluids indeed obey universal behavior and become very compressible and expandable. Their comportment, when gravity effects are suppressed, becomes quite unusual. The problems that are treated in this book are of interest to students and researchers interested in the original behavior of near-critical fluids as well as to engineers that have to manage supercritical fluids. A special chapter is dedicated to the present knowledge of critical point phenomena. Specific data for many fluids are provided, ranging from cryogenics (hydrogen) to high temperature (water). Basic information in statistical mechanics, mathematics and measurement techniques is also included. The basic concepts of fluid mechanics are given for the non-specialists to be able to read the parts he is interested in. Asymptotic theory of heat transfer by thermoacoustic processes is provided with enough details for PhD students or researchers and engineers to begin in the field. Key spaces are described in details, with many comparisons between theory and experiments to illustrate the topics.
This book focuses on ambient intelligence and addresses various issues related to data management, networking and HCI in this context. Taking a holistic view, it covers various levels of abstraction, ranging from fundamental to advanced concepts and brings together the contributions of various specialists in the field. Moreover, the book covers the key areas of computer science concerned with the emergence of ambient intelligence (e.g. interaction, middleware, networks, information systems, etc.). It even goes slightly beyond the borders of computer science with contributions related to smart materials and ethics. The authors cover a broad spectrum, with some chapters dedicated to the presentation of basic concepts and others focusing on emerging applications in various fields such as health, transport and tourism.
Dramatic and taut, this is the heartrending true story of a soldier in post-World War I France who has lost his memory and identity. When his picture is published, hundreds of "relatives" who have lost men in the war come forward to claim the unknown soldier.
A large-scale account of Conrad's extensive involvement with the French literary tradition, Yves Hervouet's book is a milestone in our understanding of his work. It will have a major impact on Conrad scholarship and as a study of cross-cultural influence, it will be of interest to all students of comparative literature in the period.
Explaining the science contained in a simple assembly of grains—the most abundant form of matter present on Earth. Granular media—composed of vast amounts of grains, consolidated or not—constitute the most abundant form of solid matter on Earth. Granular materials assemble in disordered configurations scientists often liken to a bag of marbles. Made of macroscopic particles rather than molecules, they defy the standard scheme of classification in terms of solid, liquid, and gas. Granular materials provide a model relevant to various domains of research, including engineering, physics, and biology. William Blake famously wished “To See a World in a Grain of Sand”; in this book, pioneering researchers in granular matter explain the science hidden behind simple grains, shedding light on collective behavior in disordered settings in general. The authors begin by describing the single grain with its different origins, shapes, and sizes, then examine grains in piled or stacked form. They explain the packing fraction of granular media, a crucial issue that bears on the properties displayed in practical applications; explore small-scale deformations in piles of disordered grains, with particular attention to friction; and present theories of various modes of disorder. Along the way, they discuss such concepts as force chains, arching effects, wet grains, sticky contacts, and inertial effects. Drawing on recent numerical simulations as well as classical concepts developed in physics and mechanics, the book offers an accessible introduction to a rapidly developing field.
Since its birth with the creation of the international Red Cross in 1863, international humanitarian assistance has developed considerably since World War II. In accordance with the Red Cross principle of humanity, it aims at preventing and alleviating human suffering wherever it may be found, protecting life and health and ensuring respect for the human being. International humanitarian assistance involves a complex network of government agencies, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, and individual volunteers: it has been labelled a `non-system'. While governments and intergovernmental organizations play a dominant and structured role in this field, the non-governmental organizations and their volunteers have proved to be their necessary operational partners, providing material, medical and moral relief and care wherever it may be needed, beyond borders, at the grassroots level. Following a brief review of recent humanitarian activities of intergovernmental organizations, and an analysis of current trends of voluntarism, this book focuses on the role, status and attitudes of the major humanitarian non-governmental organizations, including the Red Cross organizations, the British charities, Church-related agencies, medical volunteers (such as the `French Doctors') and U.N. volunteers. Should humanitarian non-governmental organizations provide relief assistance with the Red Cross concern for discretion, neutrality and impartiality? Or should they bear witness and denounce publicly human rights violations, at the risk of being expelled from recipient countries and having to stop their assistance? The controversial claim of a `right' to receive and a `duty' to provide humanitarian assistance beyond borders is also addressed, as well as the possible need for a status to be accorded to international volunteers.
This volume consists of 16 papers selected from the 22nd Southeast Conference on Foreign Languages, Literatures and Films held on February 25-27, 2016 on the campus of Stetson University in Celebration, Florida. The shared focus of the essays is to examine how writers, filmmakers and language educators address stereotypes in their representations of diverse cultural paradigms by using, deconstructing or displacing these stereotypes. The fourth section of this publication includes 4 experimental poems by the artist Susanne Eules.
It is becoming clear that the Mediterranean region is one of the "hottest" of the biodiversity hotspots on the planet. There is also an increasing concern for the conservation, adaptive management, and restoration of the unique natural ecosystems and cultural landscapes that characterize this area. The region's biological and cultural heritage as well as its huge wealth of biodiversity is now at real risk. This brings a further urgency to the task of communicating detailed but readily accessible information on the Mediterranean biota, and an ecological, historical and evolutionary perspective to the changing contexts in which the region's flora and fauna continue to evolve. There is no other recent textbook devoted solely to Mediterranean evolutionary ecology, and a synthesis of the many recent advances is now overdue. This new work builds on the success and reputation of the first edition, although the text has been updated and expanded to document recent changes to biodiversity, new ecological and evolutionary insights, and the challenges for the future. These changes include the addition of two new chapters devoted to the Mediterranean Sea itself, and especially the coastal areas. Throughout the book, the pressing issues of global change (especially climate warming) are addressed, in conjunction with changing land use, and in terms of their potential impact on biota, communities, ecosystems, and landscapes.
This book presents the mathematics behind the formulation, approximation, and numerical analysis of contact and friction problems. It also provides a survey of recent developments in the numerical approximation of such problems as well as several remaining unsolved issues. Particular focus is placed on the Signorini problem and on frictionless unilateral contact in small strain. The final chapters cover more complex, applications-oriented problems, such as frictional contact, multi-body contact, and large strain. Finite Element Approximation of Contact and Friction in Elasticity will be a valuable resource for researchers in the area. It may also be of interest to those studying scientific computing and computational mechanics.
Valentin-Yves Mudimbe is a Congolese philosopher, novelist, poet, essayist, and academic, widely considered to be one of the most important African thinkers of his generation. The ideas and arguments he has developed in his writings since the 1970s, including The Invention of Africa, have been hugely influential across many disciplines and established his reputation as one of the essential postcolonial thinkers of our time. In The Scent of the Father, Mudimbe set himself the task of shedding light on the complex links that bind Africa to the West and determine the exercise of thought and knowledge practices, particularly in relation to the social sciences. For Africa to escape the West, says Mudimbe, it must become aware of what remains Western in the very concepts and forms of thought that allow it to think against the West, and be alert to the possibility that the recourse against the West might be just another ruse that the West uses for its own ends. Africa must elucidate the modalities of the integration of Africans into the myths of the West, while at the same time aiming at the readaptation of the African psyche in the wake of the violence it has suffered. This seminal work by a leading African thinker will be of great interest to anyone concerned with the legacies of colonialism and the debates on decolonization and decoloniality in the social and human sciences.
Few people realize how much science can tell us about the differences between men and women. Yves Christen, provided the first comprehensive overview of research in this area when this classic book was first published in the1990s. He goes beyond simplistic “biology is destiny” arguments and constructs a convincing case for linking social and biological approaches in order to understand complex differences in behavior. Biologists agree that the sexes differ in brain and body structure. Christen links these differences in cerebral anatomy to differences in behavior and intellect. Taking his readers on a journey through psychology, endocrinology, demography, and many other fields, Christen shows that the biological and the social are not antagonistic. To the contrary, social factors tend to exaggerate the biological rather than neutralize it. This controversial work, Sex Differences, takes on traditional feminism for its refusal to confront the evidence on biologically determined sex differences. Christen argues for a feminism that sees traits common to women in a positive light, in the tradition of such early feminists as Clemence Royer and Margaret Sanger, as well as more contemporary feminist sociobiologists like Sarah Hrdy. We deny sex differences only at the price of scientific truth and our own self-respect.
Beaches World Wide"" takes readers on a captivating journey through the planet's most iconic coastal destinations, exploring their formation, cultural significance, and environmental challenges. This comprehensive book examines how famous beaches are shaped by geological processes, human activity, and cultural importance, presenting them as dynamic ecosystems rather than mere tourist spots. The book is structured in three parts, beginning with an introduction to beach fame and coastal geomorphology. It then delves into case studies of renowned beaches across continents, highlighting their unique features and historical importance. The final section addresses the future of these beloved shorelines in the face of climate change and increased human activity. Using time-lapse photography and satellite imagery, the authors vividly illustrate the changes these beaches have undergone over time, offering readers a striking perspective on coastal dynamics. Balancing academic rigor with accessibility, ""Beaches World Wide"" appeals to environmentally conscious travelers, geography enthusiasts, and policymakers alike. By interweaving geology, anthropology, and environmental science, the book provides valuable insights into the complex factors shaping our planet's most celebrated coastlines, encouraging readers to become responsible coastal visitors and advocates for beach conservation.
Image compression, the Navier-Stokes equations, and detection of gravitational waves are three seemingly unrelated scientific problems that, remarkably, can be studied from one perspective. The notion that unifies the three problems is that of ``oscillating patterns'', which are present in many natural images, help to explain nonlinear equations, and are pivotal in studying chirps and frequency-modulated signals. The first chapter of this book considers image processing, moreprecisely algorithms of image compression and denoising. This research is motivated in particular by the new standard for compression of still images known as JPEG-2000. The second chapter has new results on the Navier-Stokes and other nonlinear evolution equations. Frequency-modulated signals and theiruse in the detection of gravitational waves are covered in the final chapter. In the book, the author describes both what the oscillating patterns are and the mathematics necessary for their analysis. It turns out that this mathematics involves new properties of various Besov-type function spaces and leads to many deep results, including new generalizations of famous Gagliardo-Nirenberg and Poincare inequalities. This book is based on the ``Dean Jacqueline B. Lewis Memorial Lectures'' given bythe author at Rutgers University. It can be used either as a textbook in studying applications of wavelets to image processing or as a supplementary resource for studying nonlinear evolution equations or frequency-modulated signals. Most of the material in the book did not appear previously inmonograph literature.
The first in a fascinating series. This two(2) book collection blends and depicts Haitis quest for freedom from its inception to the present day. A looking glass, if you will, into the passions that fueled this modern day life scientist to prism and harness the pains and costs of a revolution. Book I is commemorative of Haitis bicentennial: initiated, installed and inspired by its seminal leader, Toussaint LOuverture. In Book II, the laboratory notes and writings of Dr. Yves Jerome examines and analyzes the epidemic scourge of HIV. A lifetimes work, these notes peer into the challenging groundwork and principles for his treatment program; now in a clinical trial development process in a race to the finish for the cure Click here to accessYves, the Voodoo Art Collection
Data fusion problems arise frequently in many different fields. This book provides a specific introduction to data fusion problems using support vector machines. In the first part, this book begins with a brief survey of additive models and Rayleigh quotient objectives in machine learning, and then introduces kernel fusion as the additive expansion of support vector machines in the dual problem. The second part presents several novel kernel fusion algorithms and some real applications in supervised and unsupervised learning. The last part of the book substantiates the value of the proposed theories and algorithms in MerKator, an open software to identify disease relevant genes based on the integration of heterogeneous genomic data sources in multiple species. The topics presented in this book are meant for researchers or students who use support vector machines. Several topics addressed in the book may also be interesting to computational biologists who want to tackle data fusion challenges in real applications. The background required of the reader is a good knowledge of data mining, machine learning and linear algebra.
The Collection of ICC Arbitral Awards 1996-2000 contains extracts of cases handled by the ICC Court of Arbitration, one of the worldands most respected arbitral institutions. This most recent collection supplements three previous and successful volumes containing awards from the periods 1974-1985, 1986-1990 and 1991-1995. This collection is a practical reference tool, containing three types of useful indexes incorporating information from all three volumes: a consolidated analytical table, in both English and French, contains extensive cross-references based on the terminology used in awards and case notes; a chronological index lists the awards; a key word index, also provided in both languages, allows the reader to locate the material of interest quickly and easily. In addition to providing a wealth of information in a highly accessible manner, this book includes case notes end expert commentaries on the awards. This publication is an indispensable reference work for anyone interested in international arbitration and in the reasoning of international arbitrators on the interpretation and application of contractual clauses, international conventions, and the law of international trade. It is invaluable to both scholars and practitioners involved in the drafting and negotiation of international commercial contracts and the resolution of international commercial disputes. Collection of ICC Arbitral Awards (CIAA) Vol. 4
Extensively revised and featuring new material, this timely, advanced resource covers the impacts of nanomaterials on organisms and ecosystems and their applications within industry. Cowritten by leaders of two of the most prominent research groups in the world considering the effects of nanomaterials on the environment, the second edition of Environmental Nanotechnology addresses the cutting-edge advances in this area. There is now much more known about the impacts of nanomaterials on organisms and ecosystems. Methods have been developed where there were few accepted procedures in the past. Thinking has evolved to consider the life cycle effects of nanomaterial production, and tools for risk forecasting are now under development. There has also been some experience among academics in using this book as the basis for new courses on Environmental Nanotechnology. Three new chapters cover the life cycle of nanomaterial fabrication and use and estimating nanomaterial exposure in the environment. A systematic discussion of the effects of nanomaterials on organisms and ecosystems is included, where the previous edition was largely limited to speculation. Features 75% new material New chapter on the life cycle aspects of nanomaterial fabrication and use Two new chapters on estimating nanomaterial exposure in the environment: implications that explore nanotoxicology; exposure estimation Contains end-of-chapter problems and questions
Retrospective exhibition of twenty-five years of ... [Yves Saint Laurent's] work ... This book, published in connection with the exhibition, features over two hundred of Saint Laurent's couture designs, more than seventy in full color ... Also included is a fully illustrated survey of Saint Laurent's work photographed in black and white by Pierre Boulat and Nicholas Vreeland, supplemented by historically important photographs published in the fashion magazines of the era taken by such renowned photographers as Richard Avedon, Irving Penn, Bert Stern, Neal Barr, and Bill King"--Cover.
Some Library of Congress Representatives placed AFRO-CHRISTIANO-HAITIANO-Voodoo (A. C. H. V.) under the category of scientific work! Ms. Barrett (Literary Agent) acknowledged A. C. H. V.s objectivity! Writers Literary Agency Representatives like the concept and found it unique. Mr. C. H. Dodd Peters said "a tradition may undergo alteration or distortion in the course of long transmission by word-of-mouth. . . . When . . . written, stands substantially unaltered; . . . test and control it by a careful and critical study of the documents which caught and fixed it at the earliest accessible stage of development [1]." In order to prevent alteration or distortion, one put in writing some of the elements found in voodoo (i.e., songs, prayers, tales, etc) that initiates and non-initiates heard. In passing, I did not intend to reveal any secrets initiates kept. We strived to come to call voodoo AFRO-CHRISTIANO-HAITIANO. This project became important to me after learning from several sources some people have been looking for anti-Christ elements to destroy them. I planned to make necessary repairs. * * * We intended to present some questions many voodooists posed about voodoo and to transmit objective responses through AFRO-CHRISTIANO-HAITIANO-Voodoo (A. C. H. V.). One aimed at confirming the responses with studies conducted and empirical data; honoring voodooists who did not question voodoo. One worked to sustain the faith of those persons and to perpetuate the words of God. One aimed at proving that God exists. This specially came to be more important when I heard on the radio (U. S. A.) most "baby boomers" asked whether God existed or not; if they have worked on Earth in vain. Here, one planed to honor the major and minor spirits. My work differs from the books of DOKTOR Snake (VOODOO SPELLBOOK) and Mrs. Denise Alvarado (THE VOODOO HOODOO SPELL BOOK). In their books, they paid attention to spells. I paid attention to spells and other matters in my book. Mrs. Catherine YRONWODE's work entailed herb and root virtues or their inclusion in magic. (The title of her book is HOODOO HERB AND ROOT MAGIC.) I paid attention to magic and other matters in book. Mr. Milo RIGAUD's SECRETS OF VOODOO dealt with secrets of voodoo. Mine did not. I included hundreds of lyrics to voodoo songs in my work and they, at the very least, render it unique.
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