A biography of Zhou Enlai, one of the most important and yet debatable political figures in the Chinese Communist Party. The authors give an in-depth analysis on the complex personality and controversial actions of Zhou, both as a person and a leader of the CCP.
This book traces the origin and evolvement of two Chinese characters “wenxue”(literature) by using the methods of conceptual history and historical and cultural semantics, and by taking the evolution and changes of the concept of the these two characters and their interpretations in the west as a window, and re-examining the contemporary morphology of concept evolution in the historical context of concept generation and development to discover the historical and cultural connotations hidden behind the characters, so as to embark on a vivid journey to explore the history of literary thought, discipline and culture. The entire book is woven with the concept of “literature” at its core. Following the author's analysis and interpretation, an interlocking and orderly network of description of ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign unfolds. In this context, the chapters are progressive and mutually responsive, forming an organic whole which is connected at the beginning and the end. For those readers who are trying to understand how Chinese “wenxue” evolved from one of the “four disciplines of Confucius” into a modern discipline and concept, this book will provide the most detailed, in-depth, and vivid historical picture.
This study aims to provide an overview and a close-up of the Chinese academic community that specialises in American Studies. The first section of the study describes the structure of the community; the second part discusses its scholarship. The objectives of this study are to identify where and who the Americanists are, and to examine the images of the United States they present. This data comes from both American and Chinese sources. In the early 80s, the USIA commissioned a number of American scholars to travel to China and make reports on the state of American Studies in the disciplines of economics, history, law and government, and literature.
Two young gentry women meet by chance at a nunnery in Yangzhou, where they fall in love at first sight. After they exchange poetry and recognize each other’s literary talents, their emotional bond deepens. They conduct a mock wedding ceremony at the nunnery and hatch a plan to spend the rest of their lives together. Their schemes are stymied by a series of obstacles, but in the end the two women find an unlikely resolution—a ménage-à-trois marriage. The Fragrant Companions is the most significant work of literature that portrays female same-sex love in the entire premodern Chinese tradition. Written in 1651 by Li Yu, one of the most inventive and irreverent literary figures of seventeenth-century China, this play is at once an unconventional romantic comedy, a barbed satire, and a sympathetic portrayal of love between women. It offers a sensitive portrait of the two women’s passion for each other, depicts their intellectual pursuits and resourcefulness, and celebrates their partial triumph over social convention. At the same time, Li caustically mocks the imperial examination system and deflates the idealized image of the male scholar. The Fragrant Companions is both an indispensable source for students and scholars of gender and sexuality in premodern China and a compelling work of literature for all readers interested in China’s rich theatrical traditions.
After more than 30 years of reformations in agriculture, manufacturing and trade and industry, China’s economy has grown to become the second largest in the world. This book examines the contributions of dynamic entrepreneurs to the economic development of mainland China and Hong Kong – an analysis that is largely lacking in existing studies China’s economic stronghold. This book adopts theories of entrepreneurship and market processes as major analytical frameworks to conclude that entrepreneurship is the true engine of growth in mainland China and Hong Kong. Chinese Entrepreneurship focuses on the knowledge drivers and systemic challenges of these businesses to examine how entrepreneurs under uncertainty identify and pursue profit opportunities, and how their efforts have enhanced China’s economic dynamics. This book offers vital insight to students, teachers and researchers of Chinese business and economics, along with Chinese culture and expanding economies.
In Road Traffic Liability in China: A View from Law and Economics, Yu Yan provides an in-depth analysis of the Chinese road traffic liability system, as well as other alternative accident prevention schemes from a view of law and economics. The analysis refers to the functioning of the system both on paper and in practice. The conclusion shows that the current Chinese traffic liability system can only achieve partial deterrence, and that the problems of under-compensation and insufficient risk-spreading seem to be serious, at least in the economically underdeveloped regions. Based on these findings, Yu Yan suggests specific legislative changes to be taken for the policymakers to improve the system.
In the first systematic study of its kind, Hua-yu Li tackles one of the most important unresolved mysteries of the early history of the People's Republic of China_the economic policy shift of 1953. As a result of this policy shift, the moderate economic policies of 'New Democracy' were abruptly terminated_much sooner than specified by the official party line_and replaced with a radical Stalinist economic program called the 'general line for socialist transition.' Utilizing the rich archival materials released in China since the mid-1980s and Russian archival information released since the early 1990s, Li presents a compelling explanation for the policy shift. Placing the analysis within the larger context of the world communist movement, communist ideology, and Mao's complicated relationship with Stalin, this book makes it clear that the policy shift was initiated by Mao and that he did so for two reasons. First, he was committed to a history text compiled under Stalin's guidance that purported to describe the Soviet experience of building socialism in the 1920s and 1930s. Mao relied heavily on this text as a road map for China to follow in building socialism in the early 1950s. Second, Mao was driven by feelings of personal rivalry with Stalin and of national rivalry with the Soviet Union: he wanted China to achieve socialism faster than the Soviet Union had. The precise timing of the change, Li argues, resulted from Mao's belief that China was economically ready to build socialism and from his decision to interpret an ambiguous statement made by Stalin in October 1952 as a clear endorsement of a policy shift. Li asserts that Mao was a committed Stalinist, that he dominated domestic policy decision-making, and that he skillfully maneuvered his way through his negotiations with Stalin in advancing his own agenda. Situating its analysis within the larger context of the world communist movement, this carefully researched book will have a profound impact on the fields of communist studies and Sino-Soviet relations and in studies of Mao, Stalin, and their relationship.
The main purpose of developing stability theory is to examine dynamic responses of a system to disturbances as the time approaches infinity. It has been and still is the object of intense investigations due to its intrinsic interest and its relevance to all practical systems in engineering, finance, natural science and social science. This monograph provides some state-of-the-art expositions of major advances in fundamental stability theories and methods for dynamic systems of ODE and DDE types and in limit cycle, normal form and Hopf bifurcation control of nonlinear dynamic systems. - Presents comprehensive theory and methodology of stability analysis - Can be used as textbook for graduate students in applied mathematics, mechanics, control theory, theoretical physics, mathematical biology, information theory, scientific computation - Serves as a comprehensive handbook of stability theory for practicing aerospace, control, mechanical, structural, naval and civil engineers
Xiao Yueze was originally her good friend's fiancé. Once, her good friend accidentally jumped into the sea to commit suicide because he lost his virginity in a bar, while Xiao Yueze blamed all the crimes on her. The wedding night. He was like an enraged lion, his hands tightly gripped around her neck, and killing intent raged in his eyes, "From tonight onwards, your good days will come to an end ...
The most horrifying murder, the most unbelievable truth! The cannibal dinner, the gag girl, the lover's ice sculpture, the Nanke murderer's surrender, the human skin painting, the ghost's reflection in the mirror ... You will never be able to understand in the human mind the true purpose behind these horrific murders. Let the hypnotists take a unique view and lead you into the heart of those terrible criminals and into those terrifying truths. We hereby declare that anyone with a history of heart disease should give up! Those with IQ below 120, please give up! People with poor mental endurance, please give up! Never try to guess the truth until the last moment.
Eighteen years ago, a first god body appeared in the Xu family. It had ten divine veins, but the news of it had been leaked out, and ten divine veins had been destroyed. From then on, even though he had the qualifications of a god body, he could no longer cultivate. He had never been known to shake the mountains and rivers; he had never been able to cover the sky with his hands, but he had guided the world; he had never possessed endless abilities, but he had been respected by the world as a teacher; he was destined to not live past twenty, even though he was young and extraordinary.
The Central Plains was built side by side with the Hundred Kingdoms.The powers of each nation were about the same, but after the fall of the only empire in the country, the Empire of Chu and Tang, they waged a full-scale war for the throne.The flames of war swirled around him as his spirit was burnt to ashes.Good to evil, reincarnation limitless, willing to be a Qinglian one-man, do not be the world's worst.The four images were all empty, and they were all based on kindness.
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Measurement Technology, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (MTDPM 2023), Nanjing, China, 26-28 May 2023
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Measurement Technology, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (MTDPM 2023), Nanjing, China, 26-28 May 2023
Advances in Measurement Technology and Disaster Prevention focuses on research of measurement technology and the development of disaster prevention and mitigation. The topics include: Measurement in Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Hydraulic Engineering and Surveying Applications Protection Engineering The book will be of interest to professionals and academics in the above-mentioned areas.
This book explores the crisis of cultural identity which has assaulted Asian countries since Western countries began to have a profound impact on Asia in the nineteenth century. Confronted by Western 'civilization' and by 'modernity', Asian countries have been compelled to rethink their identity, and to consider how they should relate to Western 'civilization' and 'modernity'. The result, the author argues, has been a redefining by Asian countries of their own character as nations, and an adaptation of 'civilization' and 'modernity' to their own special conditions. Asian nations, the author contends, have thereby engaged with the West and with modernity, but on their own terms, occasionally, and in various inconsistent ways in which they could assert a sense of difference, forcing changes in the Western concept of civilization. Drawing on postmodern theory, the Kyoto School, Confucian and other traditional Asian thought, and the actual experiences of Asian countries, especially China and Japan, the author demonstrates that Asian countries' redefining of the concept of civilization in the course of their quest for an appropriate postmodern national identity is every bit as key a part of 'the rise of Asia' as economic growth or greater international political activity.
This book focuses on differential privacy and its application with an emphasis on technical and application aspects. This book also presents the most recent research on differential privacy with a theory perspective. It provides an approachable strategy for researchers and engineers to implement differential privacy in real world applications. Early chapters are focused on two major directions, differentially private data publishing and differentially private data analysis. Data publishing focuses on how to modify the original dataset or the queries with the guarantee of differential privacy. Privacy data analysis concentrates on how to modify the data analysis algorithm to satisfy differential privacy, while retaining a high mining accuracy. The authors also introduce several applications in real world applications, including recommender systems and location privacy Advanced level students in computer science and engineering, as well as researchers and professionals working in privacy preserving, data mining, machine learning and data analysis will find this book useful as a reference. Engineers in database, network security, social networks and web services will also find this book useful.
On the Divine Martial Continent, the strong were respected. The youth Xiao Yun had obtained the mysterious sword embryo, cultivated the supreme sword dao, refined the invincible sword technique, and battled against the heaven's pride of tens of thousands of clans without being defeated! Seven feet of sword qi filled the desolate lands, within ten square days, I am invincible.
This monograph explores the design of controllers that suppress oscillations and instabilities in congested traffic flow using PDE backstepping methods. The first part of the text is concerned with basic backstepping control of freeway traffic using the Aw-Rascle-Zhang (ARZ) second-order PDE model. It begins by illustrating a basic control problem – suppressing traffic with stop-and-go oscillations downstream of ramp metering – before turning to the more challenging case for traffic upstream of ramp metering. The authors demonstrate how to design state observers for the purpose of stabilization using output-feedback control. Experimental traffic data are then used to calibrate the ARZ model and validate the boundary observer design. Because large uncertainties may arise in traffic models, adaptive control and reinforcement learning methods are also explored in detail. Part II then extends the conventional ARZ model utilized until this point in order to address more complex traffic conditions: multi-lane traffic, multi-class traffic, networks of freeway segments, and driver use of routing apps. The final chapters demonstrate the use of the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) first-order PDE model to regulate congestion in traffic flows and to optimize flow through a bottleneck. In order to make the text self-contained, an introduction to the PDE backstepping method for systems of coupled first-order hyperbolic PDEs is included. Traffic Congestion Control by PDE Backstepping is ideal for control theorists working on control of systems modeled by PDEs and for traffic engineers and applied scientists working on unsteady traffic flows. It will also be a valuable resource for researchers interested in boundary control of coupled systems of first-order hyperbolic PDEs.
Although the CEO of a modern female food tycoon was able to travel all the way through the country, even if she didn't want to dress up in a wealthy family, she would at least be able to get food and drinks. But why was she able to open her eyes and see a small peasant's house with her family members, as well as a bunch of relatives who were trying to squeeze them out? In her previous life, as an orphan, she had never felt any kinship with anyone, but in this life, she had everything. In this life, she had everything, and in this life, she had everything.
That man was deep, steady, and had the most perfect appearance in the world. But, that was only on the surface. Tang Wan thought that calling him uncle full of respect should earn her the same amount of respect.
Although LMI has emerged as a powerful tool with applications across the major domains of systems and control, there has been a need for a textbook that provides an accessible introduction to LMIs in control systems analysis and design. Filling this need, LMIs in Control Systems: Analysis, Design and Applications focuses on the basic analysis and d
After a good job cleaning the dishes, a bodyguard dressed in black brought her to a large villa, claiming that she was a daughter of the Mo family. What nonsense! How could she not know that she was the daughter of a rich second generation? After seeking confirmation, they helplessly accepted their identity. However, they were told that they could get married without any mistakes. When he got into the hands of the charming Satan, he treated her like a treasure. Only when she was pregnant with a child did he say, "Sorry, I married the wrong person!" She was furious! What the hell! He had to sleep for so long to know that he had made a mistake! He smiled bitterly. Why don't you go back to sleep? He ran away from home and returned five years later with his baby. He actually called her back urgently? She was really a vegetarian! He rushed to the house with his child. Opening the door: Wife, you're finally back! The corner of his mouth curled up into a smile. Who's your wife? You're not my wife? Then where did I get a son? Brother! Can you pick it up? It was delivered at a discount from the supermarket! Zhan Xiaobai: Mommy, am I your biological son?
With a pair of magical eyes and tenacity, he is committed to being the best doctor. He is born with a pair of eyes that can clearly see through the human body in the dark. This special ability has made his dream of being a famous doctor. A pair of magical eyes can always find lesions that other doctors cannot see. But because he accidentally discovered the secret of his boss, his life was severely hit. The boss assigned him to work in a very remote place, where there were no family members and friends, and even his girlfriend broke up with him because of that. He was not defeated by setbacks, but strengthened his dream of becoming a famous doctor. His superb medical skills have been noticed by more and more people, and he has since been awarded the title of "the most powerful doctor". ☆About the Author☆ Yu Yang, an outstanding online novelist. His rich life experience has provided inexhaustible motivation for his novel creation, and his novel plot is as good as writing.
Five hundred years ago, the most outstanding disciple under the Grand Yi Sect, Zhong Ming, was killed by the Chou Clan's leader, Ouyang Duan, while he was cultivating in seclusion. At this critical moment, Zhong Ming forced out his three souls. Thus, after his three souls had wandered around the world for hundreds of years, in the end, on a pitch-black night, they possessed a body that belonged to Zhong Wentao, who was born on the same day as the son of the next year. From then on, Zhong Wentao was no longer the diaosi Zhong Wentao. He was a genius doctor with superb medical skills. His path of life had skyrocketed. He would beat up the second generation, pick up beauties, take revenge for his blood feud, and become famous throughout the world ...
A systematic exploration of both classic and contemporary algorithms in blind source separation with practical case studies The book presents an overview of Blind Source Separation, a relatively new signal processing method. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of the subject, the book has been written so as to appeal to an audience from very different backgrounds. Basic mathematical skills (e.g. on matrix algebra and foundations of probability theory) are essential in order to understand the algorithms, although the book is written in an introductory, accessible style. This book offers a general overview of the basics of Blind Source Separation, important solutions and algorithms, and in-depth coverage of applications in image feature extraction, remote sensing image fusion, mixed-pixel decomposition of SAR images, image object recognition fMRI medical image processing, geochemical and geophysical data mining, mineral resources prediction and geoanomalies information recognition. Firstly, the background and theory basics of blind source separation are introduced, which provides the foundation for the following work. Matrix operation, foundations of probability theory and information theory basics are included here. There follows the fundamental mathematical model and fairly new but relatively established blind source separation algorithms, such as Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and its improved algorithms (Fast ICA, Maximum Likelihood ICA, Overcomplete ICA, Kernel ICA, Flexible ICA, Non-negative ICA, Constrained ICA, Optimised ICA). The last part of the book considers the very recent algorithms in BSS e.g. Sparse Component Analysis (SCA) and Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). Meanwhile, in-depth cases are presented for each algorithm in order to help the reader understand the algorithm and its application field. A systematic exploration of both classic and contemporary algorithms in blind source separation with practical case studies Presents new improved algorithms aimed at different applications, such as image feature extraction, remote sensing image fusion, mixed-pixel decomposition of SAR images, image object recognition, and MRI medical image processing With applications in geochemical and geophysical data mining, mineral resources prediction and geoanomalies information recognition Written by an expert team with accredited innovations in blind source separation and its applications in natural science Accompanying website includes a software system providing codes for most of the algorithms mentioned in the book, enhancing the learning experience Essential reading for postgraduate students and researchers engaged in the area of signal processing, data mining, image processing and recognition, information, geosciences, life sciences.
Amid the turmoil of the Ming-Qing dynastic transition in seventeenth-century China, some intellectuals sought refuge in romantic memories from what they perceived as cataclysmic events. This volume presents two memoirs by famous men of letters, Reminiscences of the Plum Shadows Convent by Mao Xiang (1611–93) and Miscellaneous Records of Plank Bridge by Yu Huai (1616–96), that recall times spent with courtesans. They evoke the courtesan world in the final decades of the Ming dynasty and the aftermath of its collapse. Mao Xiang chronicles his relationship with the courtesan Dong Bai, who became his concubine two years before the Ming dynasty fell. His mournful remembrance of their life together, written shortly after her early death, includes harrowing descriptions of their wartime sufferings as well as idyllic depictions of romantic bliss. Yu Huai offers a group portrait of Nanjing courtesans, mixing personal memories with reported anecdotes. Writing fifty years after the fall of the Ming, he expresses a deep nostalgia for courtesan culture that bears the toll of individual loss and national calamity. Together, they shed light on the sensibilities of late Ming intellectuals: their recollections of refined pleasures and ruminations on the vagaries of memory coexist with political engagement and a belief in bearing witness. With an introduction and extensive annotations, Plum Shadows and Plank Bridge is a valuable source for the literature of remembrance, the representation of women, and the social role of intellectuals during a tumultuous period in Chinese history.
She was a top assassin in the 21st century! It was the trash, the Third Young Miss, that the people of Zi Yue despised! He was the master of the Blood Underworld. He was incomparably handsome, talented, cold, domineering, and incomparable to a woman! Everyone in the world had insulted her as a worthless trash. He was the only one who had seen through everything. He treated her like a priceless treasure that he would never abandon! She also vowed to take his hand and experience the world! And let's see how they will step up to the peak of the world step by step and look down on the whole world! A certain woman with a head full of black lines looked behind her, eagerly chasing after her. A certain man with a face full of smiles, the corner of his mouth twitched! Are you sure this is the Lord of Blood Underworld? What about the callousness they said? What happened to not being close to a woman?
Focusing on the work of four contemporary filmmakers—Ang Lee, Edward Yang, Hou Hsiao-hsien, and Tsai Ming-liang—the authors explore how these filmmakers broke from tradition, creating a cinema that is both personal and insistent on examining Taiwan's complex history. Featuring stills, anecdotes, and close readings of films, the authors consider the influence of Hong Kong and martial arts films, directors' experiments with autobiography, the shifting fortunes of the Taiwanese film industry, and Taiwan cinema in the context of international cinema's aesthetics and business practices.
Mao Zedong once famously said, “Power grows from the barrel of a gun,” and a prime example is the People’s Liberation Army (PLA). With the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the PLA’s mandate extended beyond safeguarding national security to maintaining domestic order and keeping the Chinese Communist Party in power. In the 1960s and 1970s, the PLA was Mao’s chief instrument in preparing, launching and further developing the Cultural Revolution, but its role was complex and often opaque. Through the Storm meticulously traces the PLA’s role through archival research and interviews with retired cadres and officers to show that the military’s role in the Cultural Revolution has been historically understated, and that it eclipsed that of the more high-profile civilian Red Guards in both scale and duration. With its Chinese edition hailed in media and academia as an “exceptionally valuable” achievement, this book’s condensed English edition offers international readers a deeper understanding of the PLA’s role in launching and perpetuating the most sustained and violent campaign in modern Chinese history
From one of China’s most famous contemporary writers, who celebrated novel To Live catapulted him to international fame, here is a stunning collection of stories, selected from the best of Yu Hua’s early work, that shows his far-reaching influence on a pivotal period in Chinese literature. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Yu Hua and other young Chinese writers began to reimagine their national literature. Departing from conventional realism in favor of a more surreal and subjective approach inspired by Kafka, Faulkner, and Borges, the boundary-pushing fiction of this period reflected the momentous cultural changes sweeping the world’s most populous nation. The stories collected here show Yu Hua masterfully guiding us from one fractured reality to another. “A History of Two People” traces the paths of a man and a woman who dream in parallel throughout their lives. “In Memory of Miss Willow Yang” weaves a spellbinding web of signs and symbols. “As the North Wind Howled” carries a case of mistaken identity to absurd and hilarious conclusions. And the title story follows an unforgettable narrator determined to unearth a conspiracy against him that may not exist. By turns daring, darkly comic, thought-provoking, and profound, The April 3rd Incident is an extraordinary record of a singular moment in Chinese letters.
Underwater robots play a significant role in ocean exploration. This book provides full coverage of the theoretical and practical aspects of bionic gliding underwater robots, including system design, modeling control, and motion planning. To overcome the inherent shortcomings of traditional underwater robots that can simultaneously lack maneuverability and endurance, a new type of robot, the bionic gliding underwater robot, has attracted much attention from scientists and engineers. On the one hand, by imitating the appearance and swimming mechanisms of natural creatures, bionic gliding underwater robots achieve high maneuverability, swimming efficiency, and strong concealment. On the other hand, borrowing from the buoyancy adjustment systems of underwater gliders, bionic gliding underwater robots can obtain strong endurance, which is significant in practical applications. Taking gliding robotic dolphin and fish as examples, the designed prototypes and proposed methods are discussed, offering valuable insights into the development of next-generation underwater robots that are well suited for various oceanic applications. This book will be of great interest to students and professionals alike in the field of robotics or intelligent control. It will also be a great reference for engineers or technicians who deal with the development of underwater robots.
First published in 1993. The Cultural Revolution (CR) was undoubtedly one of the most tumultuous and dramatic periods of China's modern history. It was marked by violence, factionalism and economic disruptions. The cataclysm it created had traumatic effects on the majority of the Chinese people, both in their private and professional lives. In this study, the author's emphasise the primordial role of Mao Zedong in instigating and prolonging the Cultural Revolution.
when the man with the broken leg wanted to kill her he dragged a beautiful man along the road to block the blade even in her wildest dreams lin qingyan never imagined that xiao yi ting would want to marry her we're just playing on the spot if you keep pestering me i'm going to call the police then just report it we are a legal couple someone raised the red book in his hand with an evil smile on his face from then on he helped her walk the path of revenge
An authoritative treatment of urban computing, offering an overview of the field, fundamental techniques, advanced models, and novel applications. Urban computing brings powerful computational techniques to bear on such urban challenges as pollution, energy consumption, and traffic congestion. Using today's large-scale computing infrastructure and data gathered from sensing technologies, urban computing combines computer science with urban planning, transportation, environmental science, sociology, and other areas of urban studies, tackling specific problems with concrete methodologies in a data-centric computing framework. This authoritative treatment of urban computing offers an overview of the field, fundamental techniques, advanced models, and novel applications. Each chapter acts as a tutorial that introduces readers to an important aspect of urban computing, with references to relevant research. The book outlines key concepts, sources of data, and typical applications; describes four paradigms of urban sensing in sensor-centric and human-centric categories; introduces data management for spatial and spatio-temporal data, from basic indexing and retrieval algorithms to cloud computing platforms; and covers beginning and advanced topics in mining knowledge from urban big data, beginning with fundamental data mining algorithms and progressing to advanced machine learning techniques. Urban Computing provides students, researchers, and application developers with an essential handbook to an evolving interdisciplinary field.
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