Fixtures--the component or assembly that holds a part undergoing machining--must be designed to fit the shape of that part and the type of machining being done. This book discusses the fundamentals of Computer-Aided Fixture Design (CAFD) techniques and covers fixture planning, fixture design (both modular and dedicated fixtures), fixture design verifications, and the overall integration with CAD/CAM. The book shows how CAFD may lead to a significant reduction of product and process development time and production cost, and how CAFD can increase quality assurance through simulation and science-based technical specification and cost estimation in business quoting, especially in current supplier-based manufacturing. It also provides case study examples. - This book provides a total solution of CAFD, including planning, design, and design verification - Practical and comprehensive theoretical analysis of fixturing from real industrial application projects - Introduces the integration of fixture design and analysis with CAD/CAM so that detailed geometric information can be processed and complex fixture designs can be designed and analyzed
In the last forty years, nonlinear analysis has been broadly and rapidly developed. Lectures presented in the International Conference on Variational Methods at the Chern Institute of Mathematics in Tianjin of May 2009 reflect this development from different angles. This volume contains articles based on lectures in the following areas of nonlinear analysis: critical point theory, Hamiltonian dynamics, partial differential equations and systems, KAM theory, bifurcation theory, symplectic geometry, geometrical analysis, and celestial mechanics. Combinations of topological, analytical (especially variational), geometrical, and algebraic methods in these researches play important roles. In this proceedings, introductory materials on new theories and surveys on traditional topics are also given. Further perspectives and open problems on hopeful research topics in related areas are described and proposed. Researchers, graduate and postgraduate students from a wide range of areas in mathematics and physics will find contents in this proceedings are helpful.
The new edition of the most detailed and comprehensive single-volume reference on major semiconductor devices The Fourth Edition of Physics of Semiconductor Devices remains the standard reference work on the fundamental physics and operational characteristics of all major bipolar, unipolar, special microwave, and optoelectronic devices. This fully updated and expanded edition includes approximately 1,000 references to original research papers and review articles, more than 650 high-quality technical illustrations, and over two dozen tables of material parameters. Divided into five parts, the text first provides a summary of semiconductor properties, covering energy band, carrier concentration, and transport properties. The second part surveys the basic building blocks of semiconductor devices, including p-n junctions, metal-semiconductor contacts, and metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitors. Part III examines bipolar transistors, MOSFETs (MOS field-effect transistors), and other field-effect transistors such as JFETs (junction field-effect-transistors) and MESFETs (metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors). Part IV focuses on negative-resistance and power devices. The book concludes with coverage of photonic devices and sensors, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, and various photodetectors and semiconductor sensors. This classic volume, the standard textbook and reference in the field of semiconductor devices: Provides the practical foundation necessary for understanding the devices currently in use and evaluating the performance and limitations of future devices Offers completely updated and revised information that reflects advances in device concepts, performance, and application Features discussions of topics of contemporary interest, such as applications of photonic devices that convert optical energy to electric energy Includes numerous problem sets, real-world examples, tables, figures, and illustrations; several useful appendices; and a detailed solutions manual for Instructor's only Explores new work on leading-edge technologies such as MODFETs, resonant-tunneling diodes, quantum-cascade lasers, single-electron transistors, real-space-transfer devices, and MOS-controlled thyristors Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Fourth Edition is an indispensable resource for design engineers, research scientists, industrial and electronics engineering managers, and graduate students in the field.
The real world is complicated, as a result of which most mathematical models arising from mechanics, physics, chemistry and biology are nonlinear. Based on the efforts of scientists in the 20th century, especially in the last three decades, topological, variational, geometrical and other methods have developed rapidly in nonlinear analysis, which made direct studies of nonlinear models possible in many cases, and provided global information on nonlinear problems which was not available by the traditional linearization method. This volume reflects that rapid development in many areas of nonlinear analysis.
This groundbreaking book offers a comprehensive and contemporary analysis of the major areas of institutional economic geography. Each chapter discusses in detail the new developments and changes in the field, and with a balance of theory, applications and empirical tests provides a rigorous grounding in the economic analysis of the natural resources and environmental issues that are increasingly prominent policy concerns. The book is a must-read for any social scientist interested in real-world economic geography and institutional economics, including economists, political scientists, sociologists, historians, geographers and anthropologists.
In March 1969 the two giants of the Communist world the Peoples Republic of China and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics came to blows over the control of a remote and uninhabited island on their mutual border in a conflict that risked barely controlled escalation, and in which the USSR gave consideration to the use of nuclear weapons. In 2021, Helion & Company published two books by Harold Orenstein and Dmitry Ryabushkin: The Sino-Soviet Border War of 1969 Volume 1: The Border Conflict that almost Sparked a Nuclear War and The Sino-Soviet Border War of 1969 Volume 2: Confrontation at Lake Zhalanashkol August 1969. These volumes relied largely on the Soviet accounts and presented the Soviet perspective on this confrontation. When Brothers Fight: Chinese Eyewitness Accounts of the Sino-Soviet Border Battles 1969 aims to fill the gap with accounts from Chinese veterans who took part in these border wars. The authors have selected two of the best-known incidents of the period, the Battle of Zhenbao (Damansky) Island (MarchMay 1969) and the Tielieketi (Lake Zhalanashkol) Incident (13 August 1969), as the focus for this book. This is an important episode of the Cold War that deserves greater exposure. This brief war marks a turning point between the two Communist giants and in one way or another, lay the foundation for international politics for the next 50 years. In 1972, China moved towards the US/Western camp by signing the Three Joint Communiqués, normalizing relations between the US and China and establishing a full diplomatic relationship in 1979. When Brothers Fight: Chinese Eyewitness Accounts of the Sino-Soviet Border Battles 1969 is richly illustrated with photographs and artworks from the period of the Sino-Soviet confrontation as well as specially commissioned artworks.
This book presents the recent research results of the application of arc spectrum in the welding process. It sheds light on the fundamentals of monitoring welding quality using arc spectral information. By analyzing the topic both from a global and local perspective, it establishes a knowledge base of features characterizing welding statuses. Researchers, scientists and engineers in the field of intelligent welding can benefit from the book. As such, this book provides valuable knowledge, useful methods, and practical algorithms that are applicable in real-time detection of welding defects.
This thesis focuses on the key technologies involved in magnetically coupled Wireless Power Transfer (WPT). Starting from the basic structures and theories of WPT, it addresses four fundamental aspects of these systems. Firstly, it analyzes the factors affecting transfer efficiency and compares various methods for reducing the working frequency. Secondly, it discusses frequency splitting and offers a physical explanation. Thirdly, it proposes and assesses three multiple-load transfer structures. Lastly, it investigates WPT systems with active voltage-source and current-source load. As such, the thesis offers readers a deeper understanding of WPT technology, while also proposing insightful new advances.
This is the first book offering an in-depth and comprehensive IoT network simulation, supported by OPNET tool. Furthermore, the book presents the simulations of IoT in general, not limited by OPNET. The authors provide rich OPNET IoT simulation codes, with detailed explanation regarding the functionalities of the model. These codes can facilitate readers’ fast implementation, and the shared model can guide readers through developing their own research. This book addresses various versions of Internet of Things (IoT), including human-centric IoT, green IoT, Narrow band IoT, Smart IoT, IoT-Cloud integration. The introduced OPNET IoT simulation provides a comprehensive platform to simulate above-mentioned IoT systems. Besides, this book introduces OPNET semi-physical simulation in detail. Based on this technology, simulated IoT and practical cloud are seamlessly connected with each other. On top of this “IoT-cloud-integration” semi-physical simulation environment, various smart IoT applications can be realized.
The study analyzed the business model of two selected Chinese AV-vendors, Qihoo 360 and Baidu, from the perspective of their product development model, revenue model, marketing and distribution, and services and implementation. Furthermore, market research was conducted to compare the Chinese and Western users in order to investigate the influential factors on users’ choice of security software. This study was initiated for the purpose of investigating the business model which supports Chinese “free” AV-vendors to offer free fully-functional security software.
This book gives an introduction to index theory for symplectic matrix paths and its iteration theory, as well as applications to periodic solution problems of nonlinear Hamiltonian systems. The applications of these concepts yield new approaches to some outstanding problems. Particular attention is given to the minimal period solution problem of Hamiltonian systems and the existence of infinitely many periodic points of the Poincaré map of Lagrangian systems on tori.
The application of systems biology methods to Traditional Chinese Medicine Emphasizing the harmony of the human body with the environment, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has evolved over thousands of years. It is a systemic theory derived from clinical experience, the philosophy of holism and systematology, and the belief that man is an integral part of nature. Systems Biology for Traditional Chinese Medicine describes how the latest methods in systems biology can be applied to TCM, providing a comprehensive resource for the modernization and advancement of TCM as well as general drug discovery efforts. It is the first comprehensive work to propose a system-to-system research methodology to study the interaction between TCM and the human body and its applications in drug research and development. Using three popular traditional Chinese medicines—Shuanglongfang, Qingkailing, and Liushenwan—as examples, the authors set forth case examples demonstrating how to find material groups, perform efficacy screenings, and conduct safety evaluations of TCM. The book also: Describes the mechanisms of TCM at the molecular and systems levels using chemomics, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics Places modern scientific technologies within the context of TCM, helping drug researchers improve experimental designs and strategies Illustrates how a systems biology approach is compatible with TCM's traditional, holistic therapeutic strategies and treatment modalities Presents topics of current interest, such as integrated global systems biology and the application of chemometrics research to herbal medicines This book not only opens a new pathway for the continued development of TCM, but also for systems biology. In addition, it fosters collaboration and discussion among Eastern and Western scientists by applying systems biology to TCM.
Shopping malls in China create a new pseudo-public urban space which is under the control of private or quasi-public power structure. As they are open for public use, mediated by the co-mingling of private property rights and public meanings of urban space, the rise, publicness and consequences of the boom in the construction of shopping malls raises major questions in spatial political economy and magnifies existing theoretical debates between the natural and conventional schools of property rights. In examining these issues this book develops a theoretical framework starting with a critique of the socio-spatial debate between two influential bodies of work represented by the work of Henri Lefebvre and David Harvey. Drawing on the framework, the book examines why pseudo-public spaces have been growing so rapidly in China since the 1980s; assesses to what degree pseudo-public spaces are public, and how they affect the publicness of Chinese cities; and explores the consequences of their rise. Findings of this book provide insights that can help to better understand Chinese urbanism and also have the potential to inform urban policy in China. This book will be of interest to academics and researchers in both Chinese studies and urban studies.
Shopping malls in China create a new pseudo-public urban space which is under the control of private or quasi-public power structure. As they are open for public use, mediated by the co-mingling of private property rights and public meanings of urban space, the rise, publicness and consequences of the boom in the construction of shopping malls raises major questions in spatial political economy and magnifies existing theoretical debates between the natural and conventional schools of property rights. In examining these issues this book develops a theoretical framework starting with a critique of the socio-spatial debate between two influential bodies of work represented by the work of Henri Lefebvre and David Harvey. Drawing on the framework, the book examines why pseudo-public spaces have been growing so rapidly in China since the 1980s; assesses to what degree pseudo-public spaces are public, and how they affect the publicness of Chinese cities; and explores the consequences of their rise. Findings of this book provide insights that can help to better understand Chinese urbanism and also have the potential to inform urban policy in China. This book will be of interest to academics and researchers in both Chinese studies and urban studies.
Based on the Judicial Transparency Index Assessment (2019 and 2020) conducted in China by the Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, this book summarizes and analyzes the current situation of judicial openness in China, using a sample of 218 courts across the country for the study. The book analyzes the ideological and institutional origins of judicial openness and examines the operation of judicial openness through the practical experience of role replacement. By analyzing evaluation data in the fields of audit information disclosure, trial information disclosure, judicial enforcement data disclosure, and judicial reform data disclosure, the book points out that the current judicial disclosure has made significant progress, but there are still problems such as unclear disclosure standards, insufficient rigidity in disclosure requirements, and the scope of disclosure still needs to be expanded. The book recommends accelerating the disclosure of judicial legislation, public standards, and strengthening assessment and accountability.
The application of systems biology methods to Traditional Chinese Medicine Emphasizing the harmony of the human body with the environment, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has evolved over thousands of years. It is a systemic theory derived from clinical experience, the philosophy of holism and systematology, and the belief that man is an integral part of nature. Systems Biology for Traditional Chinese Medicine describes how the latest methods in systems biology can be applied to TCM, providing a comprehensive resource for the modernization and advancement of TCM as well as general drug discovery efforts. It is the first comprehensive work to propose a system-to-system research methodology to study the interaction between TCM and the human body and its applications in drug research and development. Using three popular traditional Chinese medicines—Shuanglongfang, Qingkailing, and Liushenwan—as examples, the authors set forth case examples demonstrating how to find material groups, perform efficacy screenings, and conduct safety evaluations of TCM. The book also: Describes the mechanisms of TCM at the molecular and systems levels using chemomics, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics Places modern scientific technologies within the context of TCM, helping drug researchers improve experimental designs and strategies Illustrates how a systems biology approach is compatible with TCM's traditional, holistic therapeutic strategies and treatment modalities Presents topics of current interest, such as integrated global systems biology and the application of chemometrics research to herbal medicines This book not only opens a new pathway for the continued development of TCM, but also for systems biology. In addition, it fosters collaboration and discussion among Eastern and Western scientists by applying systems biology to TCM.
Over the past half century, reverse osmosis (RO) has grown from a nascent niche technology into the most versatile and effective desalination and advanced water treatment technology available. However, there remain certain challenges for improving the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of RO desalination plants in various applications. In low-pressure RO applications, both capital (CAPEX) and operating (OPEX) costs are largely influenced by product water recovery, which is typically limited by mineral scale formation. In seawater applications, recovery tends to be limited by the salinity limits on brine discharge and cost is dominated by energy demand. The combination of water scarcity and sustainability imperatives, in many locations, is driving system designs towards minimal and zero liquid discharge (M/ZLD) for inland brackish water, municipal and industrial wastewaters, and even seawater desalination. Herein, we review the basic principles of RO processes, the state-of-the-art for RO membranes, modules and system designs as well as methods for concentrating and treating brines to achieve MLD/ZLD, resource recovery and renewable energy powered desalination systems. Throughout, we provide examples of installations employing conventional and some novel approaches towards high recovery RO in a range of applications from brackish groundwater desalination to oil and gas produced water treatment and seawater desalination.
In March 1969 the two giants of the Communist world the Peoples Republic of China and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics came to blows over the control of a remote and uninhabited island on their mutual border in a conflict that risked barely controlled escalation, and in which the USSR gave consideration to the use of nuclear weapons. In 2021, Helion & Company published two books by Harold Orenstein and Dmitry Ryabushkin: The Sino-Soviet Border War of 1969 Volume 1: The Border Conflict that almost Sparked a Nuclear War and The Sino-Soviet Border War of 1969 Volume 2: Confrontation at Lake Zhalanashkol August 1969. These volumes relied largely on the Soviet accounts and presented the Soviet perspective on this confrontation. When Brothers Fight: Chinese Eyewitness Accounts of the Sino-Soviet Border Battles 1969 aims to fill the gap with accounts from Chinese veterans who took part in these border wars. The authors have selected two of the best-known incidents of the period, the Battle of Zhenbao (Damansky) Island (MarchMay 1969) and the Tielieketi (Lake Zhalanashkol) Incident (13 August 1969), as the focus for this book. This is an important episode of the Cold War that deserves greater exposure. This brief war marks a turning point between the two Communist giants and in one way or another, lay the foundation for international politics for the next 50 years. In 1972, China moved towards the US/Western camp by signing the Three Joint Communiqués, normalizing relations between the US and China and establishing a full diplomatic relationship in 1979. When Brothers Fight: Chinese Eyewitness Accounts of the Sino-Soviet Border Battles 1969 is richly illustrated with photographs and artworks from the period of the Sino-Soviet confrontation as well as specially commissioned artworks.
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