How did modern Chinese painters see landscape? Did they depict nature in the same way as premodern Chinese painters? What does the artistic perception of modern Chinese painters reveal about the relationship between artists and the nation-state? Could an understanding of modern Chinese landscape painting tell us something previously unknown about art, political change, and the epistemological and sensory regime of twentieth-century China? Yi Gu tackles these questions by focusing on the rise of open-air painting in modern China. Chinese artists almost never painted outdoors until the late 1910s, when the New Culture Movement prompted them to embrace direct observation, linear perspective, and a conception of vision based on Cartesian optics. The new landscape practice brought with it unprecedented emphasis on perception and redefined artistic expertise. Central to the pursuit of open-air painting from the late 1910s right through to the early 1960s was a reinvigorated and ever-growing urgency to see suitably as a Chinese and to see the Chinese homeland correctly. Examining this long-overlooked ocular turn, Gu not only provides an innovative perspective from which to reflect on complicated interactions of the global and local in China, but also calls for rethinking the nature of visual modernity there.
Multi-state System Reliability Analysis and Optimization for Engineers and Industrial Managers presents a comprehensive, up-to-date description of multi-state system (MSS) reliability as a natural extension of classical binary-state reliability. It presents all essential theoretical achievements in the field, but is also practically oriented. New theoretical issues are described, including: • combined Markov and semi-Markov processes methods, and universal generating function techniques; • statistical data processing for MSSs; • reliability analysis of aging MSSs; • methods for cost-reliability and cost-availability analysis of MSSs; and • main definitions and concepts of fuzzy MSS. Multi-state System Reliability Analysis and Optimization for Engineers and Industrial Managers also discusses life cycle cost analysis and practical optimal decision making for real world MSSs. Numerous examples are included in each section in order to illustrate mathematical tools. Besides these examples, real world MSSs (such as power generating and transmission systems, air-conditioning systems, production systems, etc.) are considered as case studies. Multi-state System Reliability Analysis and Optimization for Engineers and Industrial Managers also describes basic concepts of MSS, MSS reliability measures and tools for MSS reliability assessment and optimization. It is a self-contained study resource and does not require prior knowledge from its readers, making the book attractive for researchers as well as for practical engineers and industrial managers.
This book illuminates the fundamental principle and applications of probability-based multi-objective optimization for material selection systematically, in which a brand new concept of preferable probability and its assessment as well as other treatments are introduced by authors for the first time. Hybrids of the new approach with experimental design methodologies, such as response surface methodology, orthogonal experimental design, and uniform experimental design, are all performed; the conditions of the material performance utility with desirable value and robust assessment are included; the discretization treatment of complicated integral in the evaluation is presented. The authors wish this work will cast a brick to attract jade and would make its contributions to relevant fields as a paving stone. This book can be used as a textbook for postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students in material relevant majors, and a reference book for scientists and engineers digging in the related fields.
This book focuses on the risk modeling, analysis and control of multi-energy systems considering cross-sectorial failure propagation. Both models and methods have been addressed with engineering practice. This is accomplished by doing a thorough investigation into the modeling of system physics and reliabilities in both long- and short-term phases. Different models and methods to evaluate the risk of multi-energy systems considering various disturbances, e.g., component failures, load uncertainties and extreme weather, are studied in detail. Furthermore, several risk control strategies for multi-energy systems, such as long-term capacity planning and integrated demand response, are analyzed in this book, which is especially suited for readers interested in system risk management. The book can benefit researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of electrical and electronic engineering, energy engineering, complex network and control engineering, etc.
This book focuses on the fault-tolerant cooperative control (FTCC) of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (multi-UAVs). It provides systematic and comprehensive descriptions of FTCC issues in multi-UAVs concerning faults, external disturbances, strongly unknown nonlinearities, and input saturation. Further, it addresses FTCC design from longitudinal motions to attitude motions, and outer-loop position motions of multi-UAVs. The book’s detailed control schemes can be used to enhance the flight safety of multi-UAVs. As such, the book offers readers an in-depth understanding of UAV safety in cooperative/formation flight and corresponding design methods. The FTCC methods presented here can also provide guidelines for engineers to improve the safety of aerospace engineering systems. The book offers a valuable asset for scientists and researchers, aerospace engineers, control engineers, lecturers and teachers, and graduates and undergraduates in the system and control community, especially those working in the field of UAV cooperation and multi-agent systems.
Life is like a play, young master Qing Yi. What was distinct in black and white was the chess game; what was indistinct was the human heart. Chess is difficult to decide, step by step, one wrong move, all lost. He was gentle and refined, drunk and free from worldly strife; he wore an open and upright robe, his reputation as a man of the world was just like smoke passing through his eyes; he lowered his eyebrows and gave a slight smile. He was playful, dashing, and elegant; he had a fan in his hand; it was common for people to fight openly or secretly, and they would look down on him with their heads held high. It was originally a different life, yet it became a straight line that led to a completely different end point. Was he going to be reborn from the flames? When the chessboard was no longer black and white, when every single chess piece was imbued with the hearts of the people, vividly displaying the word "chess", the chessboard would no longer be a chessboard, but a formidable game. Close]
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