This book introduces to the reader unfamiliar with primatology in Japan three research projects representative of the unique multidisciplinary approach carried out by scientists at Kyoto University, the country’s premier institution for primate studies. The projects are all aimed at understanding the age-old questions, where did we come from, and what makes us unique or similar to our primate ancestors? The first chapter, by Naofumi Nakagawa, focuses on the cultural diversity of social behavior in the Japanese macaque. This chapter reviews research on primate culture, in particular the work on Japanese macaques, then presents what is arguably the first example of a culturally transmitted social convention in the species, called “hug-hug”. The second chapter, by Michael A. Huffman, introduces our current knowledge of self-medication in primates, based largely on a long-term study of wild chimpanzees at Kyoto University’s longest ongoing chimpanzee field in Africa, Mahale, in Tanzania. The suite of behavioral adaptations to parasite infections in chimpanzees is compared with our current knowledge of self-medication in other primates and other animal species. The third chapter, by Yasuhiro Go, Hiroo Imai, and Masaki Tomonaga, describes the ambitious efforts to combine cognitive science and genomics into a new discipline called “comparative cognitive genomics”. This chapter provides an overview of recent advancements in chimpanzee comparative cognition, the construction of a chimpanzee genomic database, and comparative genomic studies at the individual level, looking into factors affecting personality and individuality.
This study provides a broad political and economic examination of the impact of the silk trade on nineteenth-century Japan. It analyzes the economic role of Japan’s eastern interior region and that of the port of Yokohama. It argues that the economic development in this period laid the foundations for Japan’s prewar industrial development in the late nineteenth century and was largely responsible for the integration of Japan into the global economy.
This book investigates how different types of Japanese management systems are able to motivate stakeholders, including employees, top management, stockholders, customers and transaction partners, to participate actively in the organizational behavior that improves business performance. The various systems motivating stakeholders are examined in five sections: Strategy and Business Restructuring for Enhancing the Business Value; Management Control Systems and Budgeting; Cost Management; Management Accounting for Supply Chain and Shared Services; and Process Management. Sample Chapter(s). Part 1:1: How Japanese Legal and Accounting Rules Can Facilitate Business Group Restructuring (671 KB). Contents: Strategy and Business Restructuring to Enhancing Business Value: How Japanese Legal and Accounting Rules Can Facilitate Business Group Restructuring (Y Monden & Y Monden); Changes in the Concept of Capital and Their Effects on Economic Profit in Japan (S Hiraoka); Management Control Systems and Budgeting: Analysis of the Influence of Performance-Based Systems on Japanese Management Control (E Yokota); Questionnaire Survey on the International Financial Control Affecting the Responsibility Accounting of Overseas Subsidiaries (M Tomo); Cost Management: The Role of OC Hidden CostOCO in Cost Management (S Kon); Target Costing Brings Another Competitive Edge: Creation of Capacity Surplus through Information Capital Readiness by IT (Y Ogushi); Management Accounting for Supply Chain and Shared Services: Allocation of Joint Profit among Supply Chain Companies: Application of Core Theory (M Imabayashi); Characteristics of Japanese Shared Service Centers (T Sonoda); Process Management: Chain Effect among Objectives under Management by Objectives (N Ogura & S Nibuya); The Framework of Business Process Management and Dell Computers (G Lee & N Yamaguchi); and other papers. Readership: University students, researchers, and professionals and practitioners in business and management fields.
Strategy for Forming an Inter-Firm Network: On Forming a Network Organization: From Adam Smith's Division of Labor to Network Organization (Y Monden); Korean “Zaibatsu” (the Holding Company's Business Group): The Historical and Financial Characteristics of Samsung (T Hasegawa); Management Control of an Inter-Firm Network: Supply Chain Management Within the Companies of a Consolidated Business Group (K Hamada); Profit Allocation Rules to Motivate Inter-Firm Network Partners to Reduce Overall Costs (Y Minagawa); The Role of Intangible Assets in Allocating Global Business Profits Using the International Transfer Price (Y Monden); Examination of Management Control in a Network of or Tie-ups Between Smaller Businesses (S Arimoto); Performance Measurement of an Inter-Firm Network from the Viewpoint of the Reduction of the Total Lead Time for Investment Recovery (S Hiiragi); The Relationship Between a Manufacturing Firm and a Customer Firm: The Situation in Japan (J Sakaguchi); Management of an Inter-Firm Network: Supply Chain Perspectives (C H Lee); Task Control of Production, Sales, Physical Distribution, etc., in an Inter-Firm Network: Green Economy and Processes and Implications for Supply Chains (H Aigbedo); The Issue of SCM for Japanese Companies and Their Efforts Toward Green Logistics (Y Nagasaka); Inter-Firm Business Process Management of Companies Specializing in Element Technology: Analysis of a Case of a Horizontal Division Network Created by a Cluster of Small Enterprises in Japan (N Yamaguchi); Organizational Capability of Master Data Management for Inter-Firm Integration (M Aghdassi & F Movahedi); Deployment of Material Flow Costing in an Inter-firm Network (T Inooka); Human Capital Strategy of an Inter-Firm Network (N Imai); Coordinating Supply Chains by Controlling Operating Rates in the Car Industry (F Kurokawa).
This new edition describes pressure and temperature sensitive paints (PSP and TSP) in global surface pressure and temperature measurements in aerodynamics and fluid mechanics. The book includes the latest progress in paint formulations, instrumentation, and steady and unsteady aerodynamic measurements in various facilities including low-speed, transonic, supersonic and hypersonic wind tunnels. The updated technical aspects of PSP and TSP in the book will be useful for students and researchers in experimental aerodynamics and fluid mechanics.
Polymer photonics is an interdisciplinary field which demands excellence both in optics (photonics) and materials science (polymer). However, theses disciplines have developed independently, and therefore the demand for a comprehensive work featuring the fundamentals of photonic polymers is greater than ever. This volume focuses on Polymer Optical Fiber and their applications. The first part of the book introduces typical optical fibers according to their classifications of material, propagating mode, and structure. Optical properties, the high bandwidth POF and transmission loss are discussed, followed by an outline on the propagating mode characteristics and how they affect the performances of the fiber. The second part of the book reviews conventional materials of POFs and gives an overview on fabrication methods. This is followed by a survey of characterization methods. Based on the characteristics of optical communication systems, the last chapter will concentrate on the many advantages of POF in link and network design. Written by a top expert in the field, this is an invaluable resource for semiconductor physicists, materials scientists, polymer chemists, electrical engineers, and those working in the semiconductor industry.
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