This book provides a comprehensive introduction of Fog Radio Access Networks (F-RANs), from both academic and industry perspectives. The authors first introduce the network architecture and the frameworks of network management and resource allocation for F-RANs. They then discuss the recent academic research achievements of F-RANs, such as the analytical results of theoretical performance limits and optimization theory-based resource allocation techniques. Meanwhile, they discuss the application and implementations of F-RANs, including the latest standardization procedure, and the prototype and test bed design. The book is concluded by summarizing the existing open issues and future trends of F-RANs. Includes the latest theoretical and technological research achievements of F-RANs, also discussing existing open issues and future trends of F-RANs toward 6G from an interdisciplinary perspective; Provides commonly-used tools for research and development of F-RANs such as open resource projects for implementing prototypes and test beds; Includes examples of prototype and test bed design and gives tools to evaluate the performance of F-RANs in simulations and experimental circumstances.
Owing to the advent of computers, experiments are becoming an increasingly important part of mathematics. This book provides guidance to students doing experiments in mathematics. The aim is to stimulate interest in mathematics through examples and experiments.Each experiment in the book starts with an interesting problem. The students are expected to work with these problems on computers, try to find the solutions themselves, and experience the scientific exploration in the process.The problems which the authors have chosen cover a wide spectrum in mathematics, ranging from calculus, number theory, coding and probability to geometry and chaos. They are introduced in a simple way and yet show great depth. The discussions are thorough but not lengthy.This book is useful not only to mathematics students, but also to students in all areas of sciences who are interested in learning some of the mathematical tools. It provides a hands-on approach to the most fundamental issues in mathematics — an approach which may help to revolutionize the teaching of mathematics.
The construction of a natural interactive human-computer interaction has become an integral component of intelligent system development, constituting a core subject within the field of human-computer interaction. Grounded in the utilization of human perception theories, this study proposes a robust method for speech emotion recognition and a model for inferring user emotional state changes, thereby achieving a hu-man-computer interaction experience characterized by both listening and articulating, and conveying sentiments effectively. Simultaneously, focusing on the audio-visual modalities within human-computer interaction, this research explores methods for con-structing interactive feedback in auditory and visual modalities within real hu-man-computer dialog scenarios. This aims to synchronize textual, verbal, and visual expressions in human-computer interaction, enhancing its naturalness, improving user experience, and augmenting satisfaction and pleasure during interaction. The research contributions are as follows: Introducing a method that robustly identifies user emotional states in real hu-man-computer speech dialogue scenarios through the utilization of local and global attention mechanisms. This method generates robust and distinguishable representa-tions of speech emotion, thereby enhancing the robustness and accuracy of speech emotion recognition systems in authentic dialogue scenarios.
This book provides a comprehensive introduction of Fog Radio Access Networks (F-RANs), from both academic and industry perspectives. The authors first introduce the network architecture and the frameworks of network management and resource allocation for F-RANs. They then discuss the recent academic research achievements of F-RANs, such as the analytical results of theoretical performance limits and optimization theory-based resource allocation techniques. Meanwhile, they discuss the application and implementations of F-RANs, including the latest standardization procedure, and the prototype and test bed design. The book is concluded by summarizing the existing open issues and future trends of F-RANs. Includes the latest theoretical and technological research achievements of F-RANs, also discussing existing open issues and future trends of F-RANs toward 6G from an interdisciplinary perspective; Provides commonly-used tools for research and development of F-RANs such as open resource projects for implementing prototypes and test beds; Includes examples of prototype and test bed design and gives tools to evaluate the performance of F-RANs in simulations and experimental circumstances.
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