Data usually comes in a plethora of formats and dimensions, rendering the exploration and information extraction processes challenging. Thus, being able to perform exploratory analyses in the data with the intent of having an immediate glimpse on some of the data properties is becoming crucial. Exploratory analyses should be simple enough to avoid complicate declarative languages (such as SQL) and mechanisms, and at the same time retain the flexibility and expressiveness of such languages. Recently, we have witnessed a rediscovery of the so-called example-based methods, in which the user, or the analyst, circumvents query languages by using examples as input. An example is a representative of the intended results, or in other words, an item from the result set. Example-based methods exploit inherent characteristics of the data to infer the results that the user has in mind, but may not able to (easily) express. They can be useful in cases where a user is looking for information in an unfamiliar dataset, when the task is particularly challenging like finding duplicate items, or simply when they are exploring the data. In this book, we present an excursus over the main methods for exploratory analysis, with a particular focus on example-based methods. We show how that different data types require different techniques, and present algorithms that are specifically designed for relational, textual, and graph data. The book presents also the challenges and the new frontiers of machine learning in online settings which recently attracted the attention of the database community. The lecture concludes with a vision for further research and applications in this area.
This book is a gentle introduction to dominance-based query processing techniques and their applications. The book aims to present fundamental as well as some advanced issues in the area in a precise, but easy-to-follow, manner. Dominance is an intuitive concept that can be used in many different ways in diverse application domains. The concept of dominance is based on the values of the attributes of each object. An object dominates another object if is better than . This goodness criterion may differ from one user to another. However, all decisions boil down to the minimization or maximization of attribute values. In this book, we will explore algorithms and applications related to dominance-based query processing. The concept of dominance has a long history in finance and multi-criteria optimization. However, the introduction of the concept to the database community in 2001 inspired many researchers to contribute to the area. Therefore, many algorithmic techniques have been proposed for the efficient processing of dominance-based queries, such as skyline queries, -dominant queries, and top- dominating queries, just to name a few.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th East European Conference on Advances in Databases and Information Systems, ADBIS 2007, held in Varna, Bulgaria, in September/October 2007. The 23 revised papers presented together with three invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 77 submissions. The papers address current research on database theory, development of advanced DBMS technologies, and their advanced applications.
Data usually comes in a plethora of formats and dimensions, rendering the information extraction and exploration processes challenging. Thus, being able to perform exploratory analyses of the data with the intent of having an immediate glimpse of some of the data properties is becoming crucial. Exploratory analyses should be simple enough to avoid complicated declarative languages (such as SQL) and mechanisms, while at the same time retaining the flexibility and expressiveness of such languages. Recently, we have witnessed a rediscovery of the so-called example-based methods, in which the user, or analyst, circumvents query languages by using examples as input. An example is a representative of the intended results or, in other words, an item from the result set. Example-based methods exploit inherent characteristics of the data to infer the results that the user has in mind but may not be able to (easily) express. They can be useful in cases where a user is looking for information in an unfamiliar dataset, when they are performing a particularly challenging task like finding duplicate items, or when they are simply exploring the data. In this book, we present an excursus over the main methods for exploratory analysis, with a particular focus on example-based methods. We show how different data types require different techniques and present algorithms that are specifically designed for relational, textual, and graph data. The book also presents the challenges and new frontiers of machine learning in online settings that have recently attracted the attention of the database community. The book concludes with a vision for further research and applications in this area.
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