This title was first published in 2001: In 1979, China opened the door to the West and implemented a series of economic reforms that led the accounting system to depart from the Soviet model. This book investigates the development of Chinese accounting in a broad social, economic and cultural environment and analyzes the environmental influences on the development of accounting in China. Including the latest accounting systems, which have to date received little scholarly attention, this cutting-edge analysis makes a worthy addition to a growing area of research.
This IBM® RedpaperTM publication will help you plan, install, tailor, and configure the new IBM PowerHA® with IBM HyperSwap® clustering solution. PowerHA with HyperSwap adds transparent storage protection for replicated storage, improving overall system availability by masking storage failures. The PowerHA cluster is an Extended Distance cluster with two sites. It manages, in principle, the replicated storage infrastructure through HyperSwap functionality. The storage is provided by two DS8800s configured to replicate each other using Metro Mirror Peer-to-Peer Remote Copy (PPRC) synchronous replication. DS8800 supports in-band (SCSI commands) communication, which is used to manage (and automate) the replication using IBM AIX® HyperSwap framework and PowerHA automation and management capabilities.
This book mainly provides the current status of water pollution faced by China under rapid changing environment and the actions that have been taken for prevention and treatment of water pollution. It points out that the water pollution situation is severe. Facing water pollution, China’s experiences include several aspects on source control and pollution interception, internal nutrient removal of sediment, ecological restoration, and water transfer policy. There exists both the opportunity and challenge for the prevention and control of water pollution in China. The book contains numerous charts and diagrams which further illustrating China’s paths to clean water.
This book comprehensively covers the topics of origin and distribution, evolution and types, regional and global importance, biodiversity conservation, plant-soil interfaces, ecosystem functions and services, social-ecological systems, climate change adaptations, land degradation and restoration, grazing management and pastoral production, and sustainable future of the grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), which is a globally unique eco-region called the "Roof of the World" because of its high elevation, “Third Pole on Earth" because of its alpine environment and the "Water Tower in Asia" because of its headwater location. The grassland ecosystem covers above 60% of QTP, which is about 2.5 million km2, 1/4 of Chinese total territorial lands. The grassland ecosystem of the QTP (the Third Pole) is an important part of the palaearctic region, which features alpine cover and low oxygen. The Third Pole's grasslands not only provide important ecosystem functions such as biodiversity conservation, carbon storage, water resource regulation, climate control, and natural disaster mitigation at a global scale, but also provide critical ecosystem services such as pastoral production, cultural inheritance, and tourism and recreation at local and regional scales. The purposes of this monograph are to address the following questions: (1) What are the special features of the Third Pole's grasslands? (2) How have climate changes and human activities changed the structures and functions of the Third Pole's grasslands? (3) How can we cope with land degradation and climate change through innovative restoration and protective actions for Third Pole's grasslands? And (4) How can we promote the sustainable development of social-ecological systems of the Third Pole's grasslands through best management practices including grazing? The goal of this book is to attract the attention of international audiences to realize the importance of the Third Pole’s grasslands, and to call for the actions of global communities to effectively protect and sustainably use the Third Pole's grasslands. This book can be served as textbooks, teaching materials and documentaries for different audiences. The target audiences include students, teachers, researchers, policy makers, planners, government officials, and NGOs in agricultural, environmental and natural resources sectors.
This publication helps strengthen the position of IBM® software solutions and enables for High Performance Computing (hardware, software, and tools) with a well-defined and documented deployment model within an IBM environment. As a result, customers receive a planned foundation for dynamic infrastructure for parallel High Performance Computing (HPC) applications. This IBM Redbooks® publication addresses topics to take advantage of the strengths of IBM PE Developers Edition for HPC applications. The objective is to solve customer's challenges and maximize systems' throughput, performance, and management. This publication examines the tools, utilities, documentation, and other resources available to help the IBM technical teams provide solutions and support for IBM HPC solutions in an IBM hardware environment. This IBM Redbooks is targeted toward technical professionals (consultants, technical support staff, IT Architects, and IT Specialists) responsible for providing HPC solutions and support.
This book is intended for researchers and postgraduates who are interested in the consensus reaching process in group decision-making problems. It puts forward new optimization-based decision support approaches to help decision-makers find roadmaps to consensus with minimum adjustments. Simulation experiments and comparison analysis are subsequently conducted to assess the validity of the proposal. After reading this book, readers will possess a number of valuable tools for building consensus with minimum adjustments in the context of group decision-making. Further, the proposed approach can effectively reduce costs in consensus building.
This book presents the dynamic modeling and attitude control of flexible spacecraft with time-varying parameters. The dynamic characteristics, vibration control methods and attitude stabilization methods for spacecraft are systematically studied in respects of the theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and the ground experiment. Three active control theories in complex mode space are presented for flexible space structures. Optimal slew strategies based on variable amplitudes input shaping methods and coupling control methods are proposed for stabilization of flexible spacecraft. The research provides an important way to solve the problem of high-precision attitude control of flexible spacecraft with time-varying parameters. This book is appropriate for the researchers who focus on the multi-body dynamics, attitude and vibration control of flexible spacecraft.
In-depth and systemic examination of distribution automation with specific focus on fault location and service restoration Focuses on the detailed and systemic examination of fault location and service restoration in distribution grid Arms the readers with a complete picture of what fault location and service restoration is from both theoretical and practical perspectives Presents the authors' research on fault location and restoration for distribution systems since 1995 Introduces the first-hand application experience obtained from over 30 DAS (Distribution Automation System) projects in China Examines the protection approaches of electrical distribution networks automation and on relevant mechanisms associated to electrical supply restoration after (local) blackouts
Power systems are evolving towards the Smart Grid paradigm, featured by large-scale integration of renewable energy resources, e.g. wind and solar power, deeper participation of demand side, and enhanced interaction with electric vehicles. While these emerging elements are inherently stochastic in nature, they are creating a challenge to the system’s stability and its control. In this context, conventional analysis tools are becoming less effective, and necessitate the use alternative tools that are able to deal with the high uncertainty and variability in the smart grid. Smart Grid initiatives have facilitated wide-spread deployment of advanced sensing and communication infrastructure, e.g. phasor measurement units at grid level and smart meters at household level, which collect tremendous amount of data in various time and space scales. How to fully utilize the data and extract useful knowledge from them, is of great importance and value to support the advanced stability assessment and control of the smart grid. The intelligent system strategy has been identified as an effective approach to meet the above needs. This book presents the cutting-edge intelligent system techniques and their applications for stability assessment and control of power systems. The major topics covered in this book are: Intelligent system design and algorithms for on-line stability assessment, which aims to use steady-state operating variables to achieve fast stability assessment for credible contingencies. Intelligent system design and algorithms for preventive stability control, which aims at transparent and interpretable decision-making on preventive control actions to manipulate system operating condition against possible contingencies. Intelligent system design and algorithms for real-time stability prediction, which aims to use synchronized measurements to foresee the stability status under an ongoing disturbance. Intelligent system design and algorithms for emergency stability control, which aims at fast decision-making on stability control actions at emergency stage where instability is propagating. Methodologies and algorithms for improving the robustness of intelligent systems against missing-data issues. This book is a reference and guide for researchers, students, and engineers who seek to study and design intelligent systems to resolve stability assessment and control problems in the smart grid age.
This open access book introduces how to manage important tasks in industrial wireless networks. Important tasks must be completed on time and with guaranteed quality; that is the consensus reached by system designers and users. However, for too long, important tasks have often been given unnecessary urgency, and people intuitively believe that important tasks should be executed first so that their performance can be guaranteed. Actually, in most cases, their performance can be guaranteed even if they are executed later, and the “early” resources can be utilized for other, more urgent tasks. Therefore, confusing importance with urgency hinders the proper use of system resources. In 2007, mixed criticality was proposed to indicate that a system may contain tasks of various importance levels. Since then, system designers and users have distinguished between importance and urgency. In the industrial field, due to the harsh environment they operate in, industrial wireless networks’ quality of service (QoS) has always been a bottleneck restricting their applications. Therefore, this book introduces criticality to label important data, which is then allocated more transmission resources, ensuring that important data’s QoS requirements can be met to the extent possible. To help readers understand how to apply mixed-criticality data to industrial wireless networks, the content is divided into three parts. First, we introduce how to integrate the model of mixed-criticality data into industrial wireless networks. Second, we explain how to analyze the schedulability of mixed-criticality data under existing scheduling algorithms. Third, we present a range of novel scheduling algorithms for mixed-criticality data. If you want to improve the QoS of industrial wireless networks, this book is for you.
Support vector machines (SVMs) are used in a range of applications, including drug design, food quality control, metabolic fingerprint analysis, and microarray data-based cancer classification. While most mathematicians are well-versed in the distinctive features and empirical performance of SVMs, many chemists and biologists are not as familiar wi
A man disappears. The woman who loves him is left scarred and haunted. In her fierce, one-of-a-kind debut, Rebecca Lindenberg tells the story—in verse—of her passionate relationship with Craig Arnold, a much-respected poet who disappeared in 2009 while hiking a volcano in Japan. Lindenberg’s billowing, I-contain-multitudes style lays bare the poet’s sadnesses, joys, and longings in poems that are lyric and narrative, at once plainspoken and musically elaborate. Regarding her role in Arnold’s story, Lindenberg writes with clear-eyed humility and endearing dignity: “The girl with the ink-stained teeth / knows she’s famous / in a tiny, tragic way. / She’s not / daft, after all.” And then later, playfully, of her travels in Italy with the poet, her lover: “The carabinieri / wanted to know if there were bears / in our part of America. Yes, we said, / many bears. Man-eating bears? Yes, of course, / many man-eating bears.” Every poem in this collection bursts with humor, pathos, verve—and an utterly unique, soulful voice. This widely anticipated debut, already selected as a finalist for several prominent book awards, marks the first collection in the newly minted McSweeney’s Poetry Series. MPS is an imprint which seeks to publish a broad range of excellent new poetry collections in exquisitely designed hardcovers—poetry that’s useful and meaningful to anyone in any walk of life.
This book proposes a novel CWW model to personalize individual semantics in linguistic decision making, based on two new concepts: numerical scale and consistency-driven methodology. The numerical scale model provides a unified framework to connect different linguistic symbolic computational models for CWW, and the consistency-driven methodology customizes individuals’ semantics to support linguistic group decision making by setting personalized numerical scales. The book is a valuable resource for researchers and postgraduates who are interested in CWW in linguistic decision making.
Volume Two of this two-volume sequence presents a comprehensive overview of protein structure prediction methods and includes protein threading, De novo methods, applications to membrane proteins and protein complexes, structure-based drug design, as well as structure prediction as a systems problem. A series of appendices review the biological and chemical basics related to protein structure, computer science for structural informatics, and prerequisite mathematics and statistics.
Volume One of this two-volume sequence focuses on the basic characterization of known protein structures, and structure prediction from protein sequence information. Eleven chapters survey of the field, covering key topics in modeling, force fields, classification, computational methods, and structure prediction. Each chapter is a self contained review covering definition of the problem and historical perspective; mathematical formulation; computational methods and algorithms; performance results; existing software; strengths, pitfalls, challenges, and future research.
A timely guide using iterative learning control (ILC) as a solution for multi-agent systems (MAS) challenges, showcasing recent advances and industrially relevant applications Explores the synergy between the important topics of iterative learning control (ILC) and multi-agent systems (MAS) Concisely summarizes recent advances and significant applications in ILC methods for power grids, sensor networks and control processes Covers basic theory, rigorous mathematics as well as engineering practice
This book includes six chapters aiming to introduce global pipeline inspection and health monitoring technologies comprehensively. The pipeline is the blood vessel of the energy system and a vital lifeline project. After many years of service, the pipeline gradually enters the aging stage. Pipeline inspection and health monitoring can effectively reduce the failure and accident risks of the pipeline, and it is conducive to integrity management. Through case analysis, practitioners can have a deeper understanding of the application of related technologies.
Intelligent Vibration Control in Civil Engineering Structures provides readers with an all-encompassing view of the theoretical studies, design methods, real-world implementations, and applications relevant to the topic The book focuses on design and property tests on different intelligent control devices, innovative control strategies, analysis examples for structures with intelligent control devices, and designs and tests for intelligent controllers. - Focuses on the principles, methods, and applications of intelligent vibration control in civil engineering - Covers intelligent control, including active and semi-active control - Includes comprehensive contents, such as design and properties of different intelligent control devices, control strategies, and dynamic analysis, intelligent controller design, numerical examples, and experimental data
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