This book provides a comprehensive review of functional nanomaterials for electrochemical applications, presenting interesting examples of nanomaterials with different dimensions and their applications in electrochemical energy storage. It also discusses the synthesis of functional nanomaterials, including quantum dots; one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructures; and advanced nanocomposites. Highlighting recent advances in current electrochemical energy storage hotpots: lithium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, other metal-ion batteries, halogen ion batteries, and metal–gas batteries, this book will appeal to readers in the various fields of chemistry, material science and engineering.
A comprehensive guide to formation control of multi-agent systems using rigid graph theory This book is the first to provide a comprehensive and unified treatment of the subject of graph rigidity-based formation control of multi-agent systems. Such systems are relevant to a variety of emerging engineering applications, including unmanned robotic vehicles and mobile sensor networks. Graph theory, and rigid graphs in particular, provides a natural tool for describing the multi-agent formation shape as well as the inter-agent sensing, communication, and control topology. Beginning with an introduction to rigid graph theory, the contents of the book are organized by the agent dynamic model (single integrator, double integrator, and mechanical dynamics) and by the type of formation problem (formation acquisition, formation manoeuvring, and target interception). The book presents the material in ascending level of difficulty and in a self-contained manner; thus, facilitating reader understanding. Key features: Uses the concept of graph rigidity as the basis for describing the multi-agent formation geometry and solving formation control problems. Considers different agent models and formation control problems. Control designs throughout the book progressively build upon each other. Provides a primer on rigid graph theory. Combines theory, computer simulations, and experimental results. Formation Control of Multi-Agent Systems: A Graph Rigidity Approach is targeted at researchers and graduate students in the areas of control systems and robotics. Prerequisite knowledge includes linear algebra, matrix theory, control systems, and nonlinear systems.
Carbohydrate Chemistry in the Total Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Glycosides Revolutionize your manufacturing processes and more with this groundbreaking introduction Carbohydrates and complex glycosides are important classes of molecules. The ubiquitous glycosides are extremely diverse in structure and functions, and many of them are of pharmacological significance. Purification of a homogeneous glycoside from the nature sources, especially in an appreciable amount, is always difficult. Chemical synthesis provides a feasible access to the homogenous glycosides and their congeners. Carbohydrate Chemistry in the Total Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Glycosides presents about 10 families of naturally occurring glycoside natural products, including about 150 molecules that organic chemists have devoted a lot of effort toward their synthesis. In each example, the background of each natural glycoside, including its natural resources, its isolation process and its bioactivities have been described; the total synthesis of the natural glycoside is presented with special emphasis on the glycosylation reaction, the strategy on saccharides assembly, the protecting group manipulation, and the method for the synthesis of the rare saccharide units. Readers can clearly see the progress of total synthesis of naturally occurring glycosides, from early to current arts, from simple to complex molecules, and from tedious strategy to highly efficient and economical methodologies in this book. It will highly benefit the further developments in the total synthesis of naturally occurring glycosides and synthetic carbohydrate chemistry. Carbohydrate Chemistry in the Total Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Glycosides is ideal for Organic Chemists, Biochemists, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemists, Natural Products Chemists, and Pharmaceutical Industry
This book describes the fundamental concepts, the latest developments and the outlook of the field of nanozymes (i.e., the catalytic nanomaterials with enzymatic characteristics). As one of today’s most exciting fields, nanozyme research lies at the interface of chemistry, biology, materials science and nanotechnology. Each of the book’s six chapters explores advances in nanozymes. Following an introduction to the rise of nanozymes research in the course of research on natural enzymes and artificial enzymes in Chapter 1, Chapters 2 through 5 discuss different nanomaterials used to mimic various natural enzymes, from carbon-based and metal-based nanomaterials to metal oxide-based nanomaterials and other nanomaterials. In each of these chapters, the nanomaterials’ enzyme mimetic activities, catalytic mechanisms and key applications are covered. In closing, Chapter 6 addresses the current challenges and outlines further directions for nanozymes. Presenting extensive information on nanozymes and supplemented with a wealth of color illustrations and tables, the book offers an ideal guide for readers from disparate areas, including analytical chemistry, materials science, nanoscience and nanotechnology, biomedical and clinical engineering, environmental science and engineering, green chemistry, and novel catalysis.
This book is a political ethnography of norm diffusion and storytelling through international institutions in China. It is driven by intellectual puzzles and realpolitik questions: are we converging or diverging on values? Do emerging powers reinforce or reshape the existing international order? Are international institutions socialising emerging powers or being used to promote alternative norms? This book addresses these questions through fieldwork research over three years at the United Nations Development Programme in China, the first international development agency to enter post-reform China in 1979. It provides a crucial case to study the everyday practices of norm diffusion in emerging powers, and highlights the central role of storytelling in translating and contesting normative scripts. The book selects norms in human rights, rule of law and development cooperation to analyse how translators and brokers innovatively use stories to advocate, and how these normative stories move back-and-forth between local-global spaces and orders. "A fascinating ethnography that tells us much about international institutions and China's changing role in the world: of interest both to China specialists and theorists of international relations." —Rana Mitter, Director of the University of Oxford China Centre, University of Oxford, UK “Through pioneering ethnographic research, Xiaoyu Lu’s outstanding book makes a major contribution to our understanding of norm diffusion and the ways in which China is shaping, and is shaped by, international development norms. Lu’s richly textured analysis shows how ‘norm translators’ use case studies, personal stories, and other narratives to negotiate between global and local normative orders, and to facilitate the day-to-day processes of norm diffusion." —Amy King, Associate Professor, Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University, Australia "An intricate account of the everyday politics in international development institution, that will enrich our understanding of emerging powers and their roles in global development.” —Emma Mawdsley, Director of the Margaret Anstee Centre for Global Studies, University of Cambridge, UK
This book provides insights into the history, development, and practice of restorative justice methods in China. Traditionally in China, mediation has played an important role in criminal proceedings, which has many characteristics in common with the “Western” concept of restorative justice. Through case studies and theoretical examination, the author of this timely work aims to bridge the research on restorative justice models mainly developed in the West with restorative justice as practiced in China. After a Brief overview and introduction, the author compares and contrasts case studies of restorative justice-like practices from different districts in China. The author examines cases studies from several regions within China, and explores the key question: can the restoration model developed in the West take root in China, and if so what legal, cultural and societal accommodations may need to be made? This work will be of interest to researchers in Criminology and Criminal Justice, particularly with an interest in alternative justice practices, restorative justice, and international comparative criminology; as well as researchers interested in Chinese affairs or Asian Studies.
This book explores the application of psychological theories to tourist behaviour and experiences. It traces the evolution of those theories and how they have changed in response to broader social and economic changes. Among those changes have been the development of tourism, which reflects those social changes and contributes to them. In doing so, tourism theories also contribute to and gain insights from emergent psychological theories including those derived from the neurosciences. The book provides both undergraduate and postgraduate students with an understanding of core psychological perspectives derived from both humanistic and empirical psychology and their application to tourist behaviours and experiences.
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