This book takes a comprehensive study on turbo message passing algorithms for structured signal recovery, where the considered structured signals include 1) a sparse vector/matrix (which corresponds to the compressed sensing (CS) problem), 2) a low-rank matrix (which corresponds to the affine rank minimization (ARM) problem), 3) a mixture of a sparse matrix and a low-rank matrix (which corresponds to the robust principal component analysis (RPCA) problem). The book is divided into three parts. First, the authors introduce a turbo message passing algorithm termed denoising-based Turbo-CS (D-Turbo-CS). Second, the authors introduce a turbo message passing (TMP) algorithm for solving the ARM problem. Third, the authors introduce a TMP algorithm for solving the RPCA problem which aims to recover a low-rank matrix and a sparse matrix from their compressed mixture. With this book, we wish to spur new researches on applying message passing to various inference problems. Provides an in depth look into turbo message passing algorithms for structured signal recovery Includes efficient iterative algorithmic solutions for inference, optimization, and satisfaction problems through message passing Shows applications in areas such as wireless communications and computer vision
This Springerbreif introduces a threshold-based channel sparsification approach, and then, the sparsity is exploited for scalable channel training. Last but not least, this brief introduces two scalable cooperative signal detection algorithms in C-RANs. The authors wish to spur new research activities in the following important question: how to leverage the revolutionary architecture of C-RAN to attain unprecedented system capacity at an affordable cost and complexity. Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a novel mobile network architecture that has a lot of significance in future wireless networks like 5G. the high density of remote radio heads in C-RANs leads to severe scalability issues in terms of computational and implementation complexities. This Springerbrief undertakes a comprehensive study on scalable signal processing for C-RANs, where ‘scalable’ means that the computational and implementation complexities do not grow rapidly with the network size. This Springerbrief will be target researchers and professionals working in the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-Ran) field, as well as advanced-level students studying electrical engineering.
This book focuses on the model and algorithm aspects of securing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks (UAV). To equip readers with the essential knowledge required for conducting research in this field, it covers the foundational concepts of this topic as well. This book also offers a detailed insight into UAV networks from the physical layer security point of view. The authors discuss the appropriate channel models for characterizing various propagation environments that UAV networks are exposed. The state-of-the-art technologies, such as UAV trajectory design, cooperative jamming and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces are covered. The corresponding algorithms for significantly improving the security of UAV networks, along with practical case studies on topics such as energy-efficient and secure UAV networks, elevation angle-distance trade-off for securing UAV networks and securing UAV networks with the aid of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces are presented as well. Last, this book outlines the future challenges and research directions to facilitate further studies on secure UAV networks. This book is suitable reading for graduate students and researchers who are interested in the research areas of UAV networking and communications, IoT security, and physical layer security in wireless networks. Professionals working within these related fields will also benefit from this book.
While the processes of founding a new state or constructing a new political order after a transition have been well-studied, there has been much less attention to how regimes that survive major political crises purposefully reinvent a postcrisis state to respond to updated concepts, new circumstances, changed social demands, and a realigned elite consensus. In Engineering Stability, Yan Xiaojun examines the Chinese Communist Party’s efforts to reassert control and restore order on university campuses in the post-Tiananmen era. Since prominent national universities serve the nation-state as training grounds for the country’s future political, economic, and cultural elites, public life on university campuses has immediate political relevance. Drawing on rich materials gathered from in-depth field research in China during the Xi Jinping era, Engineering Stability invites scholars of comparative politics, state theory, contentious politics, and political development to rethink and reimagine how what Yan calls “a compromised autocratic state” is rebuilt within and from itself after overcoming a traumatic moment of vulnerability. The book further details the four types of infrastructure — institutional, significative, regulatory, and incentivizing — that state rebuilders need to overhaul, and looks into the campaign of state rebuilding in post-Tiananmen Chinese universities and its implications for our understanding of politics in general.
Based on the field investigation and the summary of the published research results of the April 20, 2013, Lushan, Sichuan, China, MS7.0 earthquake, having occurred along the same fault zone which accommodated the May 12, 2008, Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake, this Brief tries to describe and discuss the special earthquake phenomenology associated with both the local geology and the changing society. Since the occurrence of this earthquake, there have been the scientific debates on (1) the seismo-tectonics of this earthquake which has no primary seismic fault discovered on the surface of the ground; (2) the relation between this earthquake and the Wenchuan earthquake (i.e., whether it can be considered as one of the aftershocks); and (3) how well have been accomplished in the reduction of earthquake disasters, 5 years after the Wenchuan earthquake. This Brief also tries to introduce the studies and practice of Chinese seismological agencies for the reduction of earthquake disasters. Due to language and cultural barriers, such an introduction makes sense not only for English readers but also for Chinese readers. For example, people (abroad) are always asking why there are so many Chinese seismologists working on earthquake prediction. In fact the Chinese wording 'earthquake prediction' has a much wider coverage than that in English. And actually the Chinese approach to (time-dependent) seismic hazard has no systematic difference from outside world in its methodology.
Focused on the United States, this book summarizes the secondary impacts of COVID-19 due to the increased use of technology. Establishing the global response of social distancing, mandates for non-essential business, and working from home, the book centers on the disparate guidance provided domestically at the state and local levels. Marginalized populations are highlighted to identify areas where technology facilitated access and reach or contributed to difficulties catapulted by digital literacy or digital access issues. To explain how people may have been empowered or left behind due to a new and unique reliance on technology, this book is structured based on the social determinants of health domains. Specifically, this book explains how technology was an umbrella domain that impacted every aspect of life during the pandemic including access, use, adoption, digital literacy, and digital equity, as well as privacy and security concerns. Given this book’s focus on the impacts to marginalized populations, there is a thread throughout the book related to the use of technology to perpetuate hate, discrimination, racism, and xenophobic behaviors that emerged as a twin pandemic during COVID-19. Part I explains the defining differences between primary and secondary impacts, as well as the unique guidelines adopted in each state. Part II of the book is focused on specific domains, where each chapter is dedicated to topics including economic stability through employment, education, healthcare, and the social/community context through access to services. Part III focuses on unique technological considerations related to COVID-19, such as mobile health-related apps and privacy or security issues that may have posed barriers to the adoption and use of technology. Finally, the book ends with a conclusion chapter, which explicitly explains the advantages and disadvantages of technology adoption during COVID-19. These exposed benefits and challenges will have implications for policies, disaster management practices, and interdisciplinary research.
Written by award-winning engineers whose research has been sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), IBM, and Cisco's University Research Program, Wireless Sensor Networks: Principles and Practice addresses everything product developers and technicians need to know to navigate the field. It provides an all-inclusive examina
Global supply chain integration is not only a rapidly growing feature of international trade, it is responsible for fundamentally changing trade policy at international and domestic levels. Given that final goods are produced with both domestic and foreign suppliers, Ka Zeng and Xiaojun Li argue that global supply chain integration pits firms and industries that are more heavily dependent on foreign supply chains against those that are less dependent on intermediate goods for domestic production. Hence, businesses whose supply chain would be disrupted as a result of increased trade barriers should lobby for preferential trade liberalization to maintain access to those foreign markets. Moreover, businesses whose products are used in the production of goods in foreign countries should also support preferential trade liberalization to compete with suppliers from other parts of the world. Fragmenting Globalization uses multiple methods, including time series, cross-sectional analysis of the pattern of Preferential Trade Alliance formation by existing World Trade Organization members, a firm-level survey, and case studies of the pattern of corporate support for regional trade liberalization in both China and the United States. Zeng and Li show that the growing fragmentation of global production, trade, and investment is altering trade policy away from the traditional divide between export-oriented and import-competing industries.
BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATIONS Enables readers to understand basic concepts, design, and implementation of battery management systems Battery Management System and its Applications is an all-in-one guide to basic concepts, design, and applications of battery management systems (BMS), featuring industrially relevant case studies with detailed analysis, and providing clear, concise descriptions of performance testing, battery modeling, functions, and topologies of BMS. In Battery Management System and its Applications, readers can expect to find information on: Core and basic concepts of BMS, to help readers establish a foundation of relevant knowledge before more advanced concepts are introduced Performance testing and battery modeling, to help readers fully understand Lithium-ion batteries Basic functions and topologies of BMS, with the aim of guiding readers to design simple BMS themselves Some advanced functions of BMS, drawing from the research achievements of the authors, who have significant experience in cross-industry research Featuring detailed case studies and industrial applications, Battery Management System and its Applications is a must-have resource for researchers and professionals working in energy technologies and power electronics, along with advanced undergraduate/postgraduate students majoring in vehicle engineering, power electronics, and automatic control.
This book intends to make sense of how Chinese leaders perceive China’s rise in the world through the eyes of China’s international relations (IR) scholars. Drawing on a unique, four-year opinion survey of these scholars at the annual conference of the Chinese Community of Political Science and International Studies (CCPSIS) in Beijing from 2014–2017, the authors examine Chinese IR scholars’ perceptions of and views on key issues related to China’s power, its relationship with the United States and other major countries, and China’s position in the international system and track their changes over time. Furthermore, the authors complement the surveys with a textual analysis of the academic publications in China’s top five IR journals. By comparing and contrasting the opinion surveys and textual analyses, this book sheds new light on how Chinese IR scholars view the world as well as how they might influence China’s foreign policy.
A contemporary evaluation of switching power design methods with real world applications Written by a leading author renowned in his field Focuses on switching power supply design, manufacture and debugging Switching power supplies have relevance for contemporary applications including mobile phone chargers, laptops and PCs Based on the authors' successful "Switching Power Optimized Design 2nd Edition" (in Chinese) Highly illustrated with design examples of real world applications
This book sheds light on state-of-the-art theories for more challenging outfit compatibility modeling scenarios. In particular, this book presents several cutting-edge graph learning techniques that can be used for outfit compatibility modeling. Due to its remarkable economic value, fashion compatibility modeling has gained increasing research attention in recent years. Although great efforts have been dedicated to this research area, previous studies mainly focused on fashion compatibility modeling for outfits that only involved two items and overlooked the fact that each outfit may be composed of a variable number of items. This book develops a series of graph-learning based outfit compatibility modeling schemes, all of which have been proven to be effective over several public real-world datasets. This systematic approach benefits readers by introducing the techniques for compatibility modeling of outfits that involve a variable number of composing items. To deal with the challenging task of outfit compatibility modeling, this book provides comprehensive solutions, including correlation-oriented graph learning, modality-oriented graph learning, unsupervised disentangled graph learning, partially supervised disentangled graph learning, and metapath-guided heterogeneous graph learning. Moreover, this book sheds light on research frontiers that can inspire future research directions for scientists and researchers.
Polarization Measurement and Control in Optical Fiber Communication and Sensor Systems A practical handbook covering polarization measurement and control in optical communication and sensor systems In Polarization Measurement and Control in Optical Fiber Communication and Sensor Systems, the authors deliver a comprehensive exploration of polarization related phenomena, as well as the methodologies, techniques, and devices used to eliminate, mitigate, or compensate for polarization related problems and impairments. The book also discusses polarization-related parameter measurement and characterization technologies in optical fibers and fiber optic devices and the utilization of polarization to solve problems or enable new capabilities in communications, sensing, and measurement systems. The authors provide a practical and hands-on treatment of the information that engineers, scientists, and graduate students must grasp to be successful in their everyday work. In addition to coverage of topics ranging from the use of polarization analysis to obtain instantaneous spectral information on light sources to the design of novel fiber optic gyroscopes for rotation sensing, Polarization Measurement and Control in Optical Fiber Communication and Sensor Systems offers: A thorough introduction to polarization in optical fiber studies, including a history of polarization in optical fiber communication and sensor systems Comprehensive discussions of the fundamentals of polarization, including the effects unique to optical fiber systems, as well as extensive coverage Jones and Mueller matrix calculus for polarization analysis In-depth treatments of active polarization controlling devices for optical fiber systems, including polarization controllers, scramblers, emulators, switches, and binary polarization state generators Fulsome explorations of passive polarization management devices, including polarizers, polarization beam splitters/displacers, wave-plates, Faraday rotators, and depolarizers Extensive review of polarization measurement techniques and devices, including time-division, amplitude-division, and wave-front division Stokes polarimeters, as well as various Mueller matrix polarimeters for PMD, PDL, and birefringence measurements Premiere of binary polarization state analyzers and binary Mueller matrix polarimeters pioneered by the authors, including their applications for highly sensitive PMD, PDL, and birefringence measurements Comprehensive discussion on distributed polarization analysis techniques developed by the authors, including their applications in solving real world problems Detailed descriptions of high accuracy polarimetric fiber optic electric current and magnetic field sensors Perfect for professional engineers, scientists, and graduate students studying fiber optics, Polarization Measurement and Control in Optical Fiber Communication and Sensor Systems enables one to quickly grasp extensive knowledge and latest development of polarization in optical fibers and will earn a place in the libraries of professors and teachers of photonics and related disciplines.
By making use of the principles of systems science, the scientific community can explain many complicated matters of the world and shed new light on unsettled problems. Each real science has its own particular methodology for not only qualitative but also quantitative analyses, so it is important to understand the organic whole of systems research with operable mathematical methods. Systems Science: Methodological Approaches presents a mathematical explanation of systems science, giving readers a complete technical formulation of different systemic laws. It enables them to use a unified methodology to attack different problems that are hard, if not impossible, for modern science to handle. Following a brief history of systems science, the book explores: Basic concepts, characteristics, properties, and classifications of general systems Nonlinear systems dynamics and the theory of catastrophe Dissipative structures and synergistics Studies of chaos, including logistic mapping, phase space reconstruction, Lyapunov exponents, and chaos of general single relation systems Different aspects and concepts of fractals, including a presentation of L systems analysis and design Complex systems and complexity, with a discussion of how the phenomena of "three" and complexity are related, and how various cellular automata can be constructed to generate useful simulations and figurative patterns Complex adaptive systems and open complex giant systems, with introduction of the yoyo model and practical applications Complex networks and related concepts and methods The book concludes with several case studies that demonstrate how various concepts and the logic of systems can be practically applied to resolve real-life problems, such as the prediction of natural disasters. The book will be useful in directing future research and applications of systems science on a commonly accepted platform and playground.
Focused on the United States, this book summarizes the secondary impacts of COVID-19 due to the increased use of technology. Establishing the global response of social distancing, mandates for non-essential business, and working from home, the book centers on the disparate guidance provided domestically at the state and local levels. Marginalized populations are highlighted to identify areas where technology facilitated access and reach or contributed to difficulties catapulted by digital literacy or digital access issues. To explain how people may have been empowered or left behind due to a new and unique reliance on technology, this book is structured based on the social determinants of health domains. Specifically, this book explains how technology was an umbrella domain that impacted every aspect of life during the pandemic including access, use, adoption, digital literacy, and digital equity, as well as privacy and security concerns. Given this book’s focus on the impacts to marginalized populations, there is a thread throughout the book related to the use of technology to perpetuate hate, discrimination, racism, and xenophobic behaviors that emerged as a twin pandemic during COVID-19. Part I explains the defining differences between primary and secondary impacts, as well as the unique guidelines adopted in each state. Part II of the book is focused on specific domains, where each chapter is dedicated to topics including economic stability through employment, education, healthcare, and the social/community context through access to services. Part III focuses on unique technological considerations related to COVID-19, such as mobile health-related apps and privacy or security issues that may have posed barriers to the adoption and use of technology. Finally, the book ends with a conclusion chapter, which explicitly explains the advantages and disadvantages of technology adoption during COVID-19. These exposed benefits and challenges will have implications for policies, disaster management practices, and interdisciplinary research.
This Springerbreif introduces a threshold-based channel sparsification approach, and then, the sparsity is exploited for scalable channel training. Last but not least, this brief introduces two scalable cooperative signal detection algorithms in C-RANs. The authors wish to spur new research activities in the following important question: how to leverage the revolutionary architecture of C-RAN to attain unprecedented system capacity at an affordable cost and complexity. Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a novel mobile network architecture that has a lot of significance in future wireless networks like 5G. the high density of remote radio heads in C-RANs leads to severe scalability issues in terms of computational and implementation complexities. This Springerbrief undertakes a comprehensive study on scalable signal processing for C-RANs, where ‘scalable’ means that the computational and implementation complexities do not grow rapidly with the network size. This Springerbrief will be target researchers and professionals working in the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-Ran) field, as well as advanced-level students studying electrical engineering.
This book focuses on the model and algorithm aspects of securing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks (UAV). To equip readers with the essential knowledge required for conducting research in this field, it covers the foundational concepts of this topic as well. This book also offers a detailed insight into UAV networks from the physical layer security point of view. The authors discuss the appropriate channel models for characterizing various propagation environments that UAV networks are exposed. The state-of-the-art technologies, such as UAV trajectory design, cooperative jamming and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces are covered. The corresponding algorithms for significantly improving the security of UAV networks, along with practical case studies on topics such as energy-efficient and secure UAV networks, elevation angle-distance trade-off for securing UAV networks and securing UAV networks with the aid of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces are presented as well. Last, this book outlines the future challenges and research directions to facilitate further studies on secure UAV networks. This book is suitable reading for graduate students and researchers who are interested in the research areas of UAV networking and communications, IoT security, and physical layer security in wireless networks. Professionals working within these related fields will also benefit from this book.
This book takes a comprehensive study on turbo message passing algorithms for structured signal recovery, where the considered structured signals include 1) a sparse vector/matrix (which corresponds to the compressed sensing (CS) problem), 2) a low-rank matrix (which corresponds to the affine rank minimization (ARM) problem), 3) a mixture of a sparse matrix and a low-rank matrix (which corresponds to the robust principal component analysis (RPCA) problem). The book is divided into three parts. First, the authors introduce a turbo message passing algorithm termed denoising-based Turbo-CS (D-Turbo-CS). Second, the authors introduce a turbo message passing (TMP) algorithm for solving the ARM problem. Third, the authors introduce a TMP algorithm for solving the RPCA problem which aims to recover a low-rank matrix and a sparse matrix from their compressed mixture. With this book, we wish to spur new researches on applying message passing to various inference problems. Provides an in depth look into turbo message passing algorithms for structured signal recovery Includes efficient iterative algorithmic solutions for inference, optimization, and satisfaction problems through message passing Shows applications in areas such as wireless communications and computer vision
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circulars This paper reviews the history and status of fishery and aquaculture insurance in China, covering its organization, implementation mechanisms, policy development, performance evaluation, and innovations. The case studies cover capture fisheries and finfish, crab, shrimp and seaweed farming.
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