Count my life, saying that my Yin Qi is heavy, I will definitely have evil ghosts entangling me in the future. I'm looking for a job and running into a wall. Only the crematorium will take me in. After that, I ran into ghosts all the way. In the middle of the night, Female Ghost came to harass him, so there were actually bones hidden in the middle of the walls. The most abominable thing is, a sex maniac has repeatedly violated me, not letting me and my husband stay in the same room. I could not stand to be angry at the male ghost. He said: My wife, go to bed and chat.
This open access book mainly focuses on the safe control of robot manipulators. The control schemes are mainly developed based on dynamic neural network, which is an important theoretical branch of deep reinforcement learning. In order to enhance the safety performance of robot systems, the control strategies include adaptive tracking control for robots with model uncertainties, compliance control in uncertain environments, obstacle avoidance in dynamic workspace. The idea for this book on solving safe control of robot arms was conceived during the industrial applications and the research discussion in the laboratory. Most of the materials in this book are derived from the authors’ papers published in journals, such as IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, neurocomputing, etc. This book can be used as a reference book for researcher and designer of the robotic systems and AI based controllers, and can also be used as a reference book for senior undergraduate and graduate students in colleges and universities.
This book marks an exciting contribution to the development and application of Processability Theory. It offers the reader an extensive overview and a critical discussion of the existing research into processability procedural skills, from Germanic to Asian and Arabic languages. It also develops a new perspective on the study of Chinese as a second language (CSL) acquisition, moving from theory to practice. The strength of this book lies not only in its innovative approach to CSL learning, but also in the potential practical applications of the approach to the development of the Chinese teaching syllabus and elicitation tasks. This research presented will benefit both learners and teachers. As a second language learner acquiring Chinese, this book will tell you how to facilitate the learning process in an easy and scientific way. As a teacher of Chinese, this book will help you to know what to teach, and how to teach it, and, importantly, will teach you how to understand learners’ language processing from a practical point of view. The book affords a unique insight into the Chinese processability hierarchy which delineates the universal processing trajectory of CSL learners. The research design and data analysis procedures, which are presented and explained clearly and thoroughly, constitute an original contribution to the growing research into Chinese language acquisition, and will pave the wave for future research in the field. The book will be of considerable interest to linguists working in the field of Processability Theory and will be enjoyed by both CSL learners and their teachers.
This book provides a dynamic simulation model based on input-output table. The model includes an objective function, i.e. maximizing economic and social development and three sub-models, including economic growth model, pollutant emission model and energy balance model. The data of 2012 is selected as the base period data. The haze control policy of Hebei Province is written into the model as an exogenous variable. Reducing the total PM2.5 emissions is an environmental constraint, which is used to eliminate the impact of natural factors on environmental quality. Lingo software is used to simulate this model. By comparing the socio-economic impacts in different scenarios, this book found the most effective policy combination of haze governance. Comprehensive haze governance policy recommendations provide experience for other regions of China and other developing countries. In this book, the dynamic simulation model of haze governance also provides a reference to other environmental policy simulations. This book is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction. This paper mainly introduces the research background, research status at home and abroad, the purpose and significance of the study, the content and methods of the study, the key scientific problems to be solved and the expected results. In the second part, the current situation and existing problems of economic, social, energy and environment development in the study area are analyzed in detail. In the third part, a comprehensive evaluation model of dynamic optimization of haze control policy is constructed. The fourth part carries on the simulation experiment, and carries on the analysis to the experimental result. The fifth part puts forward the policy suggestions to realize the economic, social, energy and environmental development of Hebei Province. In this book, we have some understandings about haze governance. From the perspective of policy effect, the policy effects of subsidy for soil and water conservation, subsidy for development and utilization of clean energy, subsidy for new energy vehicles, motor vehicle restriction and subsidy for introduction of PM2.5 treatment technology are decreasing. Comprehensive policy can better achieve the goal of sustainable development of economy, energy and environment than single policy, and the effect of "source governance" policy is better than that of "end governance" policy.
Due to the increased capability, reliability, robustness, and survivability of systems with multiple distributed sensors, multi-source information fusion has become a crucial technique in a growing number of areas—including sensor networks, space technology, air traffic control, military engineering, agriculture and environmental engineering, and industrial control. Networked Multisensor Decision and Estimation Fusion: Based on Advanced Mathematical Methods presents advanced mathematical descriptions and methods to help readers achieve more thorough results under more general conditions than what has been possible with previous results in the existing literature. Examining emerging real-world problems, this book summarizes recent research developments in problems with unideal and uncertain frameworks. It presents essential mathematical descriptions and methods for multisensory decision and estimation fusion. Deriving thorough results under general conditions, this reference book: Corrects several popular but incorrect results in this area with thorough mathematical ideas Provides advanced mathematical methods, which lead to more general and significant results Presents updated systematic developments in both multisensor decision and estimation fusion, which cannot be seen in other existing books Includes numerous computer experiments that support every theoretical result The book applies recently developed convex optimization theory and high efficient algorithms in estimation fusion, which opens a very attractive research subject on minimizing Euclidean error estimation for uncertain dynamic systems. Supplying powerful and advanced mathematical treatment of the fundamental problems, it will help to greatly broaden prospective applications of such developments in practice.
Migrant Ecologies investigates the ways in which Zheng Xiaoqiong’s poetry exposes the entanglements of migrant ecologies embedded within local and global networks of capital and labor. The author contends that women migrant workers in particular, as portrayed in Zheng’s poems, are the visible manifestation of the interconnections between the so-called “factories of the world” and slum villages-in-the-city, between urban development and rural decline, and between the local environmental degradation and the global market. By adopting an ecological approach to Zheng’s poems about women migrant workers in China, the author explores what Donna Haraway calls “webbed ecologies” (49). The concept of “ecologies” serves to enhance not only the layered, complex interconnections underlying women migrant workers’ plight and environmental degradation in China, but also the emergence and transformation of migrant spaces, subjects, activism, and networks resulting in part from globalization.
The objective of publishing this book is to let the general public have a better understanding of the food security situation in China and better comprehension of the merit of allocating land through market mechanism. In addition, it makes the public aware of the inefficiencies of current government regulated land system.As a populous country in the world, China emphasizes too much importance of food to ensure people's sufficient consumption. There is a national policy to protect farm land, farm land protection refers to 18 hundred million mu of farmland which is specifically designated for food production only. Unirule defined the national food security as the capability to solve food shortages, and calculated the gap between food supply and demand. Two approaches can be used to solve the above food gap. Food security problems will not happen under situations of free trade and factors substitution in market economy, substantial storage and foreign exchange income. In modern China, food insecurity or great famine only happened in planned economy. To link tightly farm land size and grain yield and even food security is baseless both in theory and practices. The previous red line of 21 hundred million mu was already broken through. The current red line of 18 hundred million mu will also be broken through, in view of the process of industrialization and urbanization. In fact, farm land protection should focus on protecting the employment right of peasant in land.
Examining the teacher education landscape in China, Xiaojing Yan focuses on how early career teachers (ECTs) build their competence during the initial years of teaching, challenges that come with teacher training and pathways to improve teacher competence. Although there is a growing trend in China to focus on teacher quality and professional development, teacher competence varies across teacher groups: ECTs, in particular, face a variety of challenges in the initial period. Using a qualitative-based approach, Yan examines 55 teacher education policies and 3 education laws between 1949 and 2019 in China. The chapters offer valuable insights into teacher education policy and practice, as well as teachers' professional development strategies and competence growth at the secondary level. With teacher’s needs in mind, this book provides a framework for policy development and teaching implementation, as well as for teachers' practices and effective professional learning. Discussing critical issues and opportunities in the development of ECTs competence, this book will appeal to researchers, students and practitioners across the fields of teacher education and professional learning development. It will also be relevant and accessible to policymakers involved in education and teacher training.
This book introduces readers to the history of design thinking in pre-modern China. The content is structured according to successive dynasties, covering the seven major periods of the pre-Qin, Qin and Han, Wei and Jin, Sui and Tang, Song and Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Each chapter introduces the most representative individuals of the period and discusses their work and ideas in order to reveal the national and cultural features of the respective periods. A distinctive feature of cultural identity running through the long course of China’s historical development is the argument that actions are determined by ideas: Such a view can be found in long-standing thinking on art, design, and creativity. The book demonstrates that conscious design is the vital link between the ideas that constitute human cultures and the physical objects that make up their resulting material cultures. It is the attribute of design that defines what it is to be human and also produces the physical evidence of the evolution of Chinese civilization. The book reveals the integrated characteristics of Chinese culture and art and shows how both changing and recurring ideologies have influenced Chinese design practice since the ancient Shang and Zhou dynasties and how these forces have shaped the spirit and materiality of Chinese civilization. Design is the cornerstone that has made China one of the major contributors to human civilization throughout the thousands of years of its history. Given its focus, the book largely appeals to two main audiences: an academic readership of students and researchers interested in cultural studies and, a more general one, consisting of those interested in international comparisons and wishing to learn more about Chinese history, society, and culture. In order to appeal to both, the book is written in a clear and accessible language.
Clay sculpting is an ancient traditional Chinese folk art. In the hands of the artists, fine clay is transformed into colorful sculptures. Subject matters of the sculptures usually come from characters in traditional Chinese folklore, classic literatures of operas and novels. It enjoyed the height of its boom between Tongzhi and Guangxu era in the Qing dynasty. Each piece reflects more than 300 years of Chinese folk art with life-like characteristics. The colors of the sculptures are elegant, natural and harmonious. In the 1980’s, due to severe economic downturn, many Chinese clay sculpture artists were forced to abandon their lifelong career for livelihood. Having witnessed the hardships the old master experienced, the next generation of apprentices were reluctant to pick up the craft. Therefore, this traditional art is not well preserved its history and works are not adequately organized, and valuable collections of clay sculptures have been largely destroyed. To avoid the complete loss of authentic craft handmade clay figures, it has been recognized and protected as a national heritage.
The rediscovery of memory reconsolidation has brought the attention of many investigators to this field because the findings that a stabilized memory can return to a labile state have changed the way we view long-term memory formation and storage. Furthermore, it has provided important information for potentially developing novel therapeutic interventions for psychopathologies as well as cognitive impairments. As with all discoveries that change previous beliefs, many conclusions and interpretations about the novel data have been subjected to a great deal of debates and controversies. However, the studies on memory reconsolidation have undoubtedly led to the understanding that the processes of memory formation and storage are exquisitely dynamic. Elucidating the mechanisms and temporal dynamics of the biological changes that accompany memory encoding, storage, and retrieval is key to understanding many brain functions. In this chapter, we summarize studies from our laboratory that investigated the mechanisms and functions of memory reconsolidation using the inhibitory avoidance task in rats. Based on the results of these studies, we propose the conclusions that memory reconsolidation contributes to a lingering consolidation process and that memory is a highly dynamic process. We then discuss how we can use the knowledge acquired about memory reconsolidation to develop new therapies for weakening maladaptive memories and enhancing memories to combat cognitive decline.
Mechanics plays a fundamental role in aeolian processes and other environmental studies. This proposed book systematically presents the new progress in the research of aeolian processes, especially in the research on mechanism, theoretical modelling and computational simulation of aeolian processes from the viewpoint of mechanics. Nowadays, environmental and aeolian process related problems are attracting more and more attention. We hope this proposed book will provide scientists and graduate students in aeolian research and other environmental research some mechanical methods and principles and introduce aeolian related problems of environment to mathematical and mechanical scientists.
This book analyzes the characteristics of China's economic operation in the new era and explores Xi's thought on China's development. The book consists of six parts. The first part puts forward the guiding principles and main contents of political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era; the second part conducts the epistemology and methodology; the third part reveals the big logic of the new normal of economic development from the time and space dimension; and the fourth part examines the purpose, motivation, necessary conditions and measurement scale of development according to the new development concept; the fifth part discusses the path of building a modern economic system; the sixth part focuses on what China Wisdom and China solution could contribute to the global governance and promoting global development.
This book provides a historical overview of Chinese economic reform over the past 30 years. From the genesis of the reform to the gradual improvement of the market system, and then to the re-start of the critical stage of the reform, this book includes not only research on the reform process, but also detailed descriptions of the key areas of reform since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. On this basis, the author develops six logics for Chinese economic reform. Firstly, reform is cyclical, moving between rapid advances and deadlock; this calls upon us to re-examine the common view of reform. Secondly, reform is systematic; it cannot succeed without supporting reforms in other fields. Thirdly, the relationship between reform, development and stability should be properly handled. This “trinity” is quite different from the perspective of western mainstream theory, which puts too much emphasis on efficiency. Fourthly, the success of Chinese reform was not achieved by chance. The reform practice is based on the theoretical logic, and also goes beyond the debate between progressive and radical modes. Fifthly, the Top-level Design should be combined with “crossing the river by moving from stone to stone,” i.e., the theoretical basis of reform should be combined with reform practice. Sixthly and lastly, the ongoing reform in China must be understood in the contexts of global competition and reform competition.
This book analyzes the characteristics of China's economic operation in the new era and explores Xi's thought on China's development. The book consists of six parts. The first part puts forward the guiding principles and main contents of political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era; the second part conducts the epistemology and methodology; the third part reveals the big logic of the new normal of economic development from the time and space dimension; and the fourth part examines the purpose, motivation, necessary conditions and measurement scale of development according to the new development concept; the fifth part discusses the path of building a modern economic system; the sixth part focuses on what China Wisdom and China solution could contribute to the global governance and promoting global development.
With the goal of perfecting the national governance system and raising the country’s governance capability, this book systematically analyzes the characteristics and trajectory of China’s economic expansion and structural adjustment, while also assessing a variety of short-term debt and long-term economic performance and financial risks. In addition to discussing the market-oriented reform process at the stage of economic development, institutional and structural characteristics, it presents research on the country as a whole, its residents, non-financial corporations, financial institutions and central banks, the central government, local government, and other external sectors. On the basis of extensive data, the book analyzes the national and sectoral balance sheets in China and explores a number of major issues the country is currently facing, such as sustainable development, government restructuring, local debt, welfare reform, openness and stability of the financial system, etc., as well as suitable policy measures and institutional arrangements for addressing them.
Discusses China's reform strategy to promote capital accumulation through a gradual adjustment of its relative price system, enabling the industrial capital to obtain higher profits and greater potential of economic growth.
This book focuses on global financial systems. After summarising historical financial institutions, it subsequently uses economic and econometrical models to analyse the strengths and weaknesses of these institutions and their role in the history. Readers, especially international readers, will be introduced to prominent Chinese scholars’ ideas and views on these issues. The perspective of this book is, of course, a Chinese one. As such, readers will learn how Chinese people view global financial systems, even those dominated by the West, what they think about future global finance, etc. As such, the book offers intriguing and revealing insights for researchers and a broader readership alike.
The book aims at perfecting the national governance system and improving national governance ability. It evaluates the balance sheets of the state and residents, non-financial corporations, financial institutions and the central bank, the central government, local government and external sectors – the goal being to provide a systematic analysis of the characteristics and trajectory of China’s economic expansion and structural adjustment, as well as objective assessments of short and long-term economic operations, debt risks and financial risks with regard to the institutional and structural characteristics of economic development in market-oriented reform. It puts forward a preliminary analysis of China’s national and sectoral balance sheets on the basis of scientific estimates of various kinds of data, analyzes from a new perspective the major issues that are currently troubling China – development sustainability, government transformation, local government debt, welfare reform, and the financial opening-up and stability – and explores corresponding policies, measures, and institutional arrangements.
This book provides a dynamic simulation model based on input-output table. The model includes an objective function, i.e. maximizing economic and social development and three sub-models, including economic growth model, pollutant emission model and energy balance model. The data of 2012 is selected as the base period data. The haze control policy of Hebei Province is written into the model as an exogenous variable. Reducing the total PM2.5 emissions is an environmental constraint, which is used to eliminate the impact of natural factors on environmental quality. Lingo software is used to simulate this model. By comparing the socio-economic impacts in different scenarios, this book found the most effective policy combination of haze governance. Comprehensive haze governance policy recommendations provide experience for other regions of China and other developing countries. In this book, the dynamic simulation model of haze governance also provides a reference to other environmental policy simulations. This book is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction. This paper mainly introduces the research background, research status at home and abroad, the purpose and significance of the study, the content and methods of the study, the key scientific problems to be solved and the expected results. In the second part, the current situation and existing problems of economic, social, energy and environment development in the study area are analyzed in detail. In the third part, a comprehensive evaluation model of dynamic optimization of haze control policy is constructed. The fourth part carries on the simulation experiment, and carries on the analysis to the experimental result. The fifth part puts forward the policy suggestions to realize the economic, social, energy and environmental development of Hebei Province. In this book, we have some understandings about haze governance. From the perspective of policy effect, the policy effects of subsidy for soil and water conservation, subsidy for development and utilization of clean energy, subsidy for new energy vehicles, motor vehicle restriction and subsidy for introduction of PM2.5 treatment technology are decreasing. Comprehensive policy can better achieve the goal of sustainable development of economy, energy and environment than single policy, and the effect of "source governance" policy is better than that of "end governance" policy.
Breanne Lechner, MD(C) is a clinical research assistant in the Rapid Response Radiotherapy Program at the Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada and also a medical student at the University of Toronto. She was the recipient of the J Frank Brookfield Scholarship from the University of Waterloo in 2012 for excellence in biology.With effective systemic therapy and comprehensive supportive care, patients with metastases can live longer. Breast cancer patients with only or predominantly bone metastases have a median survival of 2.3 years following diagnosis, while metastatic prostate cancer patients have a median survival time of 11.3 months. With recent advances in research, the overall survivorship of metastatic patients has increased. The improved quality of care for metastatic cancer patients has resulted in longer survivorship. Living longer can lead to a higher chance of development for skeletal-related events (SREs), which are defined as either spinal cord compression, hypercalcemia, pathological fractures or a need for palliative radiation therapy or surgery for bone pain. To try to reduce pathological fractures, it is important to detect impending fractures earlier and to administer prophylactic surgery as needed. Longer survivorship also allows time for the development of brain metastases. Recent advances incorporating stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) have been favored over conventional whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) in the preservation of neurocognitive functions and survival benefit in patients less than 50 years of age. Multidisciplinary clinics for brain metastases are again desirable with the joint input of the radiation oncologists and neurosurgeons.
This book provides a dynamic simulation model based on input-output table. The model includes an objective function, i.e. maximizing economic and social development and three sub-models, including economic growth model, pollutant emission model and energy balance model. The data of 2012 is selected as the base period data. The haze control policy of Hebei Province is written into the model as an exogenous variable. Reducing the total PM2.5 emissions is an environmental constraint, which is used to eliminate the impact of natural factors on environmental quality. Lingo software is used to simulate this model. By comparing the socio-economic impacts in different scenarios, this book found the most effective policy combination of haze governance. Comprehensive haze governance policy recommendations provide experience for other regions of China and other developing countries. In this book, the dynamic simulation model of haze governance also provides a reference to other environmental policy simulations. This book is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction. This paper mainly introduces the research background, research status at home and abroad, the purpose and significance of the study, the content and methods of the study, the key scientific problems to be solved and the expected results. In the second part, the current situation and existing problems of economic, social, energy and environment development in the study area are analyzed in detail. In the third part, a comprehensive evaluation model of dynamic optimization of haze control policy is constructed. The fourth part carries on the simulation experiment, and carries on the analysis to the experimental result. The fifth part puts forward the policy suggestions to realize the economic, social, energy and environmental development of Hebei Province. In this book, we have some understandings about haze governance. From the perspective of policy effect, the policy effects of subsidy for soil and water conservation, subsidy for development and utilization of clean energy, subsidy for new energy vehicles, motor vehicle restriction and subsidy for introduction of PM2.5 treatment technology are decreasing. Comprehensive policy can better achieve the goal of sustainable development of economy, energy and environment than single policy, and the effect of "source governance" policy is better than that of "end governance" policy.
Machine learning represents a paradigm shift in tomographic imaging, and image reconstruction is a new frontier of machine learning. This book will meet the needs of those who want to catch the wave of smart imaging. The book targets graduate students and researchers in the imaging community. Open network software, working datasets, and multimedia will be included. The first of its kind in the emerging field of deep reconstruction and deep imaging, Machine Learning for Tomographic Imaging presents the most essential elements, latest progresses and an in-depth perspective on this important topic.
This book marks an exciting contribution to the development and application of Processability Theory. It offers the reader an extensive overview and a critical discussion of the existing research into processability procedural skills, from Germanic to Asian and Arabic languages. It also develops a new perspective on the study of Chinese as a second language (CSL) acquisition, moving from theory to practice. The strength of this book lies not only in its innovative approach to CSL learning, but also in the potential practical applications of the approach to the development of the Chinese teaching syllabus and elicitation tasks. This research presented will benefit both learners and teachers. As a second language learner acquiring Chinese, this book will tell you how to facilitate the learning process in an easy and scientific way. As a teacher of Chinese, this book will help you to know what to teach, and how to teach it, and, importantly, will teach you how to understand learners’ language processing from a practical point of view. The book affords a unique insight into the Chinese processability hierarchy which delineates the universal processing trajectory of CSL learners. The research design and data analysis procedures, which are presented and explained clearly and thoroughly, constitute an original contribution to the growing research into Chinese language acquisition, and will pave the wave for future research in the field. The book will be of considerable interest to linguists working in the field of Processability Theory and will be enjoyed by both CSL learners and their teachers.
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