The first English translation of a classic work in vision science from 1936 by a leading figure in the Gestalt movement, covering topics that continue to be major issues in vision research today. This classic work in vision science, written by a leading figure in Germany's Gestalt movement in psychology and first published in 1936, addresses topics that remain of major interest to vision researchers today. Wolfgang Metzger's main argument, drawn from Gestalt theory, is that the objects we perceive in visual experience are not the objects themselves but perceptual effigies of those objects constructed by our brain according to natural rules. Gestalt concepts are currently being increasingly integrated into mainstream neuroscience by researchers proposing network processing beyond the classical receptive field. Metzger's discussion of such topics as ambiguous figures, hidden forms, camouflage, shadows and depth, and three-dimensional representations in paintings will interest anyone working in the field of vision and perception, including psychologists, biologists, neurophysiologists, and researchers in computational vision—and artists, designers, and philosophers. Each chapter is accompanied by compelling visual demonstrations of the phenomena described; the book includes 194 illustrations, drawn from visual science, art, and everyday experience, that invite readers to verify Metzger's observations for themselves. Today's researchers may find themselves pondering the intriguing question of what effect Metzger's theories might have had on vision research if Laws of Seeing and its treasure trove of perceptual observations had been available to the English-speaking world at the time of its writing.
The first English translation of a classic work in vision science from 1936 by a leading figure in the Gestalt movement, covering topics that continue to be major issues in vision research today. This classic work in vision science, written by a leading figure in Germany's Gestalt movement in psychology and first published in 1936, addresses topics that remain of major interest to vision researchers today. Wolfgang Metzger's main argument, drawn from Gestalt theory, is that the objects we perceive in visual experience are not the objects themselves but perceptual effigies of those objects constructed by our brain according to natural rules. Gestalt concepts are currently being increasingly integrated into mainstream neuroscience by researchers proposing network processing beyond the classical receptive field. Metzger's discussion of such topics as ambiguous figures, hidden forms, camouflage, shadows and depth, and three-dimensional representations in paintings will interest anyone working in the field of vision and perception, including psychologists, biologists, neurophysiologists, and researchers in computational vision—and artists, designers, and philosophers. Each chapter is accompanied by compelling visual demonstrations of the phenomena described; the book includes 194 illustrations, drawn from visual science, art, and everyday experience, that invite readers to verify Metzger's observations for themselves. Today's researchers may find themselves pondering the intriguing question of what effect Metzger's theories might have had on vision research if Laws of Seeing and its treasure trove of perceptual observations had been available to the English-speaking world at the time of its writing.
Der König ist tot!" - Nicht ganz überraschend kommt diese Nachricht für ein paar Yachties, die sich im "Billfish" am Tresen treffen. Auf Tonga wird das Leben nun eine Weile innehalten. Zeit genug für eine Geschichte, wie im Cargo-Kult des Inselreichs Vanuatu (fast) jeder König werden kann. Der zweifache Weltumsegler Wolfgang Weber versammelt in dieser an Joseph Konrads "Herz der Finsternis" angelehnten Novelle jene schrägen Typen, die auch heute noch auf den Weltmeeren umhersegeln: Machos, Übermütter, Abenteurer und gescheiterte Idealisten. Der König ist tot? Es lebe der König!
Scientific Essay from the year 1984 in the subject Cultural Studies - European Studies, grade: none, Kyoto Sangyo University (German Department), language: English, abstract: Discussion of the concepts "national character" and "cultural profile" in view of German history and culture. (Presented at the Fift Annual Conference of the Western Association for German Studies, Seattle/Washington, 1981/10/9; In: Acta Humanistica 14/1. Humanities S. No. 11, 1984, 216-249)
The region of the skull base was long considered a surgical barrier because of its complex anatomy. With few exceptions, the region immediately beyond the dura or bony skull base constituted a "no man's land" for the surgeon working from the other direction. A major reason for this was the high morbidity associated with operative procedures in that area using traditional dissection techniques. This situation changed with the advent of the operating microscope. Used initially by ear, nose and throat specialists for resective and reconstructive surgery of the petrous bone and parana sal sinuses, the operating microscope was later introduced in other areas, and neurosurgeons began using it in the mid-1960s. With technical equality thus established, the groundwork was laid for taking a new, systematic, and interdisciplinary approach to surgical problems of the skull base. Intensive and systematic cooperation between ear, nose and throat surgeons and neurologic surgeons had its origins in the departments of the University of Mainz bindly supported by our chairmen Prof. Dr. Dr. hc Kurt Schiirmann (Department of Neurosurgery) and Prof. Dr. W. Kley (Depart ment of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Head and Neck Surgery). The experience gained from this cooperation was taught in workshops held in Hannover from 1979 to 1986, acquiring a broader interdisciplinary base through the participation of specialists from the fields of anatomy, patholo gy, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, and maxillofacial surgery.
In this book, first published in 1987, Wolfgang Mieder follows the intriguing trail of some of the best known pieces of folk literature, tracing them from their roots to modern uses in advertising, journalism, politics, cartoons, and poetry. He reveals both the remarkable adaptability of these tales and how each variation reflects cultural and historical changes. Fairy tales, legends, folk songs, riddles, nursery rhymes, and proverbs are passed from generation to generation, changing both in form and meaning with each use. This book will be of interest to students of literature.
In this history of materials, the authors link chemical science with chemical technology, challenging our current understandings of objects in the history of science and the distinction between scientific and technological objects. They further show that chemits' experimental production and understanding of materials changed over time, first in the decades around 1700 and then around 1830, when mundane materials became clearly distinguished from true chemical substances.
The treatise is the first coherent and comprehensive presentation of the important sub-field of "technology entrepreneurship" emphasizing the science and engineering perspectives. It is a presentation of technology entrepreneurship as an inter-cultural approach referring to the US and Germany. It integrates micro- and macro aspects referring to numerous cases of firms' foundations. The book provides also a new semi-quantitative approach to growth of new technology ventures.
In a period of rapid cultural shifts, changing populations and new ideologies take hold and reshape political agendas and norms in the West. It is against this backdrop that Wolfgang Brezinka presents his controversial take on the impact these changes have made on the public education landscape. Offering his views on the historical context behind these cultural shifts, Brezinka argues for the development of moral and values education in the West and discusses the conflicting roles migration, divergent ideologies, and other factors have had to play. Focusing on pedagogy and policy, Brezinka puts forth a provocative perspective on the relationship between pluralism, tradition, and the future of education.
The treatise is the first coherent and comprehensive presentation of the important sub-field of ""technology entrepreneurship"" emphasizing the science and engineering perspectives. It is a presentation of technology entrepreneurship as an inter-cultural approach referring to the US and Germany. It integrates micro- and macro aspects referring to numerous cases of firms' foundations. The book provides also a new semi-quantitative approach to growth of new technology ventures.
The book gives an overview about automation technology over the last 50 years, based on my own experiences. It is a good summery for automation since 1970 for all who want to know about the context of automation developments and their standards. It is a fundamental summery and enables the reader to get experience in the complex field of automation. In detail the question is arised, whether Industry 4.0, China 2025, IoT, AI are a revolution or more an evolution of timewise established availbale technologies in HW, SW and algorithms. Is the hype about Industry 4.0 justified or not? In that context a timelline since 1970 ist shown for AI, ANN, essential milestones in automation, e.g OSI-model, automation pyramid, standards for bus systems, main SW-languages, robots, AI, ANN, pattern recognittion, Ethernet, the 12 most important international field busses, their main features and characterisitcs, foundation of committees, harmonization and standardization efforts, OPC UA and cloud computing, field devices, PLCs, SCADA, MES, ERP and automation history. All that history is seen in the context of μ-controller, DSP (Digital signal processor), FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) , Chip on Board. It is include the HW-history, from Intel 8080 to octuple multicore processors. In the same way it is shown the history of field device out from laboratory into the field with all difficulties and benefits of that transition. The issues are summerized in a pyramid of complexity. Requirements for robustness and safety are shown for field devices. In the same way it is shown the development of mainframes, workstations and PC’s. SAP a leading ERP System is explained in mor detail. Specially it is figured out how SAP works and what has to be considered in working with such kind of system. The differences between MES- and ERP-systems are discussed, specially also for future combined SAP/MES systems. Explained are the problems of middlesized companies (SMEs) in dealing with Industry 4.0 and automation. Further examples are given and discussed for automized quality control in automotvie, PCB-handling, CIGS (Solar cell)-production. Also shown is the upgrade for older products and make them ready for automation standards. In detail the history oft he modern robotics is shown for the automotive industry. In summery also is figured out the Industry 5.0 which is just coming up more and more.
Wolfgang Welsch demonstrates for the first time that transculturality – the mixed constitution of cultures – is by no means only a characteristic of the present, but has de facto determined the composition of cultures since time immemorial. The historical transculturality is demonstrated using examples from the arts. While transculturality was often viewed with reservation where political, social, or psychological levels were at stake, it was rather welcomed and appreciated in the field of art. The book therefore demonstrates the historical prevalence of transculturality via all areas of art and does so with respect to all cultures and continents of our world.
A groundbreaking account of the Nazi-Islamist alliance that changed the course of World War II and influences the Arab world to this day. During the 1930s and 1940s, a unique and lasting political alliance was forged among Third Reich leaders, Arab nationalists, and Muslim religious authorities. From this relationship sprang a series of dramatic events that, despite their profound impact on the course of World War II, remained secret until now. In this groundbreaking book, esteemed Middle East scholars Barry Rubin and Wolfgang G. Schwanitz uncover for the first time the complete story of this dangerous alliance and explore its continuing impact on Arab politics in the twenty-first century. Rubin and Schwanitz reveal, for example, the full scope of Palestinian leader Amin al-Husaini’s support of Hitler’s genocidal plans against European and Middle Eastern Jews. In addition, they expose the extent of Germany’s long-term promotion of Islamism and jihad. Drawing on unprecedented research in European, American, and Middle East archives, many recently opened and never before written about, the authors offer new insight on the intertwined development of Nazism and Islamism and its impact on the modern Middle East. “[Nazis, Islamists] reinsert[s] racial ideology into the study of the desert conflict and thereby offer[s] new insights into the Nazis’ relationships with their North African and Middle Eastern partners.” —Mia Lee, Contemporary European History “Thoroughly researched and closely argued.” —David Pryce-Jones, National Review “The odd-couple marriage between Nazis and Arab nationalists has come under increasingly revealing scrutiny over the last decade. Here, fresh research from previously unexamined archives explicitly ties that frightening nexus to today’s Middle East.”—Gene Santoro, World War II magazine “This book tells a remarkable and–to me at least–little known but very important story.” —Marshall Poe, New Books in History
The thermal use of the shallow subsurface is increasingly being promoted and implemented as one of many promising measures for saving energy. A series of questions arises concerning the design and management of underground and groundwater heat extraction systems, such as the sharing of the thermal resource and the assessment of its long-term potential. For the proper design of thermal systems it is necessary to assess their impact on underground and groundwater temperatures. Thermal Use of Shallow Groundwater introduces the theoretical fundamentals of heat transport in groundwater systems, and discusses the essential thermal properties. It presents a complete overview of analytical and numerical subsurface heat transport modeling, providing a series of mathematical tools and simulation models based on analytical and numerical solutions of the heat transport equation. It is illustrated with case studies from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland of urban thermal energy use, and heat storage and cooling. This book gives a complete set of analytical solutions together with MATLAB® computer codes ready for immediate application or design. It offers a comprehensive overview of the state of the art of analytical and numerical subsurface heat transport modeling for students in civil or environmental engineering, engineering geology, and hydrogeology, and also serves as a reference for industry professionals.
Carbene Chemistry, Second Edition discusses the developments in various areas of carbene chemistry, including the correlation of spectroscopic studies of isolated carbenes with quantum chemical calculations; new carbene precursors; differentiation of carbenes and carbenoids; and mechanisms of single and triplet carbine reactions. This book is composed of two main parts encompassing 13 chapters. The first part covers the many reactions known to transfer a formally divalent carbon fragment from one molecule to another, with special emphasis on the mechanism and a critical evaluation of the evidence for carbene intermediates. The second part examines the multitude of product-forming reactions of carbenes and carbenoids with various substrates. This part also describes the structure-reactivity relationships for both carbenes and their substrates, followed by a discussion of the applications of carbene compounds in synthetic organic chemistry. This work will be of great value to organic chemists and researchers.
This concise volume presents key concepts and entries from the twelve-volume ICA International Encyclopedia of Communication (2008), condensing leading scholarship into a practical and valuable single volume. Based on the definitive twelve-volume IEC, this new concise edition presents key concepts and the most relevant headwords of communication science in an A-Z format in an up-to-date manner Jointly published with the International Communication Association (ICA), the leading academic association of the discipline in the world Represents the best and most up-to-date international research in this dynamic and interdisciplinary field Contributions come from hundreds of authors who represent excellence in their respective fields An affordable volume available in print or online
Wolfgang Vondey contends that the story of the church is a story of "the people of bread." The image of bread is one of the richest and, at the same time, one of the most neglected biblical images that speak to an ecumenical understanding of the church. Drawing from scripture, from writers of the early church, and from cutting-edge debates in contemporary scholarship, Vondey unfolds the social, moral, missiological, ecumenical, and eschatological dimensions of the church, based on the story of bread that far exceeds a eucharistic interpretation. People of Bread speaks to a growing interest in an understanding of the church by addressing the widespread revival of the theological imagination."--BOOK JACKET.
The primary goal of this book is the specification, design and testing of an inertially stabilized camera platform for assistance systems with the focus on adaptive inertial measurement. This can be divided into sub-goals which also served as internal milestones for the project; development of a highly miniaturized inertial measurement unit, development of adaptive control algorithms for gaze stabilization, industrial application and development of multi-sensor fusion algorithms.
This book is a second, revised edition of the original 1986 publication. Since then, the issue of contract change has increasingly challenged the business community and legal practitioners. The world-wide recession may well have accelerated the need to secure contractual relationships by reasonable flexibility. Successful foreign investment, a relentless challenge, is subject to many unpredictable errors. Of all these variables, however, successful investment is most dependent on the investor-host country relationship, which is the object of the present study. In particular, the pressure by host countries for contract change and its counterpart: the investor's defence of contract stability. The book is essentially a reference handbook for legal practitioners. It analyzes a variety of increasingly important questions concerning international investment agreements that come under pressure for change by one of the contracting parties: either a transnational corporation or a host country government. The seven case studies and the analytical chapters which follow are based on the author's research and the assistance of corporate and government officials, experts from the United Nations and other organizations, and members of academic research institutes.
The most comprehensive book on state-of-the-art smart card technology available Updated with new international standards and specifications, this essential fourth edition now covers all aspects of smart card in a completely revised structure. Its enlarged coverage now includes smart cards for passports and ID cards, health care cards, smart cards for public transport, and Java Card 3.0. New sub-chapters cover near field communication (NFC), single wire protocol (SWP), and multi megabyte smart cards (microcontroller with NAND-Flash). There are also extensive revisions to chapters on smart card production, the security of smart cards (including coverage of new attacks and protection methods), and contactless card data transmission (ISO/IEC 10536, ISO/IEC 14443, ISO/IEC 15693). This edition also features: additional views to the future development of smart cards, such as USB, MMU, SWP, HCI, Flash memory and their usage; new internet technologies for smart cards; smart card web server, HTTP-Protocol, TCP/IP, SSL/TSL; integration of the new flash-based microcontrollers for smart cards (until now the usual ROM-based microcontrollers), and; a completely revised glossary with explanations of all important smart card subjects (600 glossary terms). Smart Card Handbook is firmly established as the definitive reference to every aspect of smart card technology, proving an invaluable resource for security systems development engineers. Professionals and microchip designers working in the smart card industry will continue to benefit from this essential guide. This book is also ideal for newcomers to the field. The Fraunhofer Smart Card Award was presented to the authors for the Smart Card Handbook, Third Edition in 2008.
The general topic of this book is the development of a realistic model of meaning; it has to account for the ecological basis of meaning in perception, action, and interaction, and is realistic in the sense of scientific realism, i.e. it is based on the most successful paradigm of modern science: dynamical systems theory. In Part One a model of sentences is put forward. The first chapter outlines the philosophical background of a theory of meaning. Chapter 2 gives a very short summary of recent proposals for a semantic model which considers image-like schemata. In Chapter 3 a realistic model of valence and basic predication is developed in detail. Chapter 4 treats multistability in meaning and the application of chaos theory and dissipative structures in semantics. Chapter 5 outlines the global framework of a stratified universe of meanings, and Chapter 6 prepares the way for Part Two: the analysis of narrative texts. Oral narratives of personal experience are the prototypical form in which experienced events are organized with the aim of remaking a piece of reality. In Chapter 7 a discrete grammar based on vectorial schemata is developed. Chapters 8 and 9 elaborate the syntax of narratives in Chapter 7. Chapter 10 progress to conversational dynamics.
This is an authoritative history of the twelve years of the Third Reich from its political takeover of January 30, 1939 to the German capitulation in May 1945.
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.