Conventional object-oriented data models are closed: although they allow users to define application-specific classes, they usually come with a fixed set of modelling primitives. This constitutes a major problem, as different application domains, e.g. database integration or multimedia, need special support. Using an extended metaclass concept, this book provides for the solution of this problem a simple but extendible open object-oriented data model, a so-called RISC model. By introducing the basic concepts of the open object-oriented database management system VODAK, it demonstrates how the extended metaclass concept can be integrated homogeneously into object-oriented data models.
Metadata is a key aspect of our evolving infrastructure for information management, social computing, and scientific collaboration. DC-2008 will focus on metadata challenges, solutions, and innovation in initiatives and activities underlying semantic and social applications. Metadata is part of the fabric of social computing, which includes the use of wikis, blogs, and tagging for collaboration and participation. Metadata also underlies the development of semantic applications, and the Semantic Web -- the representation and integration of multimedia knowledge structures on the basis of semantic models. These two trends flow together in applications such as Wikipedia, where authors collectively create structured information that can be extracted and used to enhance access to and use of information sources. Recent discussion has focused on how existing bibliographic standards can be expressed as Semantic Web vocabularies to facilitate the ingration of library and cultural heritage data with other types of data. Harnessing the efforts of content providers and end-users to link, tag, edit, and describe their information in interoperable ways (" participatory metadata") is a key step towards providing knowledge environments that are scalable, self-correcting, and evolvable. DC-2008 will explore conceptual and practical issues in the development and deployment of semantic and social applications to meet the needs of specific communities of practice.
Virtual Reality Über das Eintauchen in neue, von Menschen geschaffene Wirklichkeiten. Mit Beiträgen von Marc Bodmer, Jennifer Beck, Neal Hartman, Tina Sauerländer, Peggy Schoenegge, Maike Thies, Wolfgang Ullrich, Matthias Zehnder und Annina Zwettler. Sechster Band der erfolgreichen Reihe "Edition Digital Culture". Virtual Reality war schon früh auf der Wunschliste der Computerentwickler. Der Traum von der Überwindung der flachen Bilderwelt ist alt und taucht bereits in barocken Kirchenkuppeln auf. Das Zauberwort heisst Immersion, das Eintauchen in eine künstliche Umgebung. Die Digitalisierung hat diesen Traum für Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft nun in greifbare Nähe gebracht.Die zweisprachige Publikation beleuchtet das Potenzial der neuen Formen von Immersion im Bereich der Kultur mit Beispielen aus Film, Fernsehen, Museen, Kunst, Bildung, Unterhaltung und Gaming. Projekte wie Birdly, Desktop Jacob Burckhardt Digital oder das Werk von Mélodie Mousset werden vorgestellt. Seitenblicke auf die Industrie (Medizin, Architektur) ergänzen die Darstellung. Ein umfangreiches Glossar im Anhang erklärt die wichtigsten Begriffe.
This book deals with the significance of different text structures and its cognitive processing in learning from texts. It discusses the effect of learning abilities and attitudes for learning from texts, and focuses on the significance of processing and learning strategies for text comprehension.
In the late eighteenth century Hungarian inventor Wolfgang von Kempelen, inspired by the success of his Mechanical Turk, which purported to be an automaton capable of playing chess, set out to create a machine that could actually speak, simulating the organs of speech by means of a series of bellows, pipes, and valves. His narrative of his efforts, together with a typically Enlightenment-era exposition of properties of human languages, appeared in slightly different German and French versions in 1791. The present work represents the first English-language translation of the French edition, augmented with linguistic and bibliographical information lacking in the original.
In this volume, two scholars with different but complementary interests in memory and cognitive development present a careful overview of the field of memory development from the perspective of their theory of good strategy use. In addition to treating broad topics of general interest, such as knowledge, cognitive capacity, and metamemory, the text also examines controversial issues surrounding the development of children's memory--particularly eyewitness memory. The result is a coherent statement about memory development accompanied by commentary on the study of memory development, plus applications of the theory and research in the area. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers and other professionals interested in child and adolescent memory.
In the two volumes that comprise this work Roger Penrose and Wolfgang Rindler introduce the calculus of 2-spinors and the theory of twistors, and discuss in detail how these powerful and elegant methods may be used to elucidate the structure and properties of space-time. In volume 1, Two-spinor calculus and relativistic fields, the calculus of 2-spinors is introduced and developed. Volume 2, Spinor and twistor methods in space-time geometry, introduces the theory of twistors, and studies in detail how the theory of twistors and 2-spinors can be applied to the study of space-time. This work will be of great value to all those studying relativity, differential geometry, particle physics and quantum field theory from beginning graduate students to experts in these fields.
The purpose of coding theory is the design of efficient systems for the transmission of information. The mathematical treatment leads to certain finite structures: the error-correcting codes. Surprisingly problems which are interesting for the design of codes turn out to be closely related to problems studied partly earlier and independently in pure mathematics. In this book, examples of such connections are presented. The relation between lattices studied in number theory and geometry and error-correcting codes is discussed. The book provides at the same time an introduction to the theory of integral lattices and modular forms and to coding theory.Das Ziel der Codierungstheorie ist der Entwurf eines effektiven Transformierungssystems für Informationen. Die mathematische Behandlung führt zu bestimmten endlichen Strukturen: fehlerkorrigierende Codes. Überraschenderweise stellt sich heraus, daß Zusammenhänge, die für den Entwurf solcher Codes interessant sind, eng mit Problemen, die zuvor und unabhängig davon in der Reinen Mathematik studiert wurden, verwandt sind. Dieses Buch handelt von einem Beispiel für eine solche Verwandtschaft: die von Codes und Gittern. Gitter werden in der Zahlentheorie und in der Zahlengeometrie studiert. Viele Probleme in bezug auf Codes haben ihr Gegenstück in Gittern und Kugelpackungen.
Huguccio was an important lawyer of the medieval church, bishop of Ferrara, and one of the greatest representatives of twelfth-century scholasticism. In this book-length study of this influential figure, Wolfgang P. Müller provides a critical account of the biographical information on the man and his writings. He discusses the various aspects of Huguccio's career and thought as well as the manuscript tradition of some of his works. The author's scholarship rests on direct consultation and painstaking analysis of enormous quantities of manuscript material. This book provides the point of departure for anyone wishing to study Huguccio first-hand. It will be worthy reading for students of medieval canon law and an essential addition to all libraries supporting research in medieval studies.
The practical application of the sentinel node concept is evaluated in this book. The concept is analyzed for breast cancer, malignant melanoma, tumors of the face, oropharynx, lung, gastrointestinal and urogenital tract. The first part of the book describes the function and use of the nuclear medicine equipment, the tracers used, colloid solutions and modern developments in histological and immunohistochemical lymph node investigations, as well as possible pitfalls. In the second part, specific tumor-related problems are described.
Expanded to twice as many entries as the 1985 edition, and updated with new publications, new editions of previous entries, titles missed the first time around, more of the artists' own writings, and monographs that deal with significant aspects or portions of an artist's work though not all of it. The listing is alphabetical by artist, and the index by author. The works cited include analytical and critical, biographical, and enumerative; their formats range from books and catalogues raisonnes to exhibition and auction sale catalogues. A selection of biographical dictionaries containing information on artists is arranged by country. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
This is the new edition of a two-volume directory that documents the entire European music industry. Entries include contact information, as well as descriptions of the organizations and the types of music involved, when available and/or applicable. The first volume discusses orchestras (from symphonies to chamber orchestras and brass bands), choirs, European music theaters, competitions and prizes, concert management and promotion agencies, radio and television, information on associations and foundations, teaching and instruction, and music libraries and archives, museums, and research and university institutes. The second volume covers all areas of the music industry and trade, i.e. instrument making, music and computers, music trade and sales, trade fairs for music, antiquarians and auction houses, sound studios and record companies, music publishers, and sound, lighting and scenery. It also contains the indexes of institutions and firms, persons, and instruments. Distributed by Gale. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
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