Fuzzy data such as marks, scores, verbal evaluations, imprecise observations, experts' opinions and grey tone pictures, are quite common. In Fuzzy Data Analysis the authors collect their recent results providing the reader with ideas, approaches and methods for processing such data when looking for sub-structures in knowledge bases for an evaluation of functional relationship, e.g. in order to specify diagnostic or control systems. The modelling presented uses ideas from fuzzy set theory and the suggested methods solve problems usually tackled by data analysis if the data are real numbers. Fuzzy Data Analysis is self-contained and is addressed to mathematicians oriented towards applications and to practitioners in any field of application who have some background in mathematics and statistics.
The third edition of this well-known textbook, first published in 1980, has been completely revised in order to adequately reflect the drastic changes which occured in the field of geodesy in the last twenty years. Reference systems are now well established by space techniques, which dominate positioning and gravity field determination. Terrestrial techniques still play an important role at local and regional applications, whereby remarkable progress has been made with respect to automatic data aquisition. Evaluation methods are now three-dimensional in principle, and have to take the gravity field into account. Geodetic control networks follow these developments, with far-reaching consequences for geodetic practice. Finally, the increased accuracy of geodetic products and high data rates have significantly increased the contributions of geodesy to geodynamics research, thus strengthening the role of geodesy within the geosciences. The present state of geodesy is illustrated by recent examples of instruments and results. An extensive reference list supports further studies.
A fully annotated translation of the correspondence of Protestant leader Wolfgang Capito (1478-1541) for the years 1532-36, this volume provides crucial details on the evolution of Capito's thought and its contribution to the Reformation movement. This title was made Open Access by libraries from around the world through Knowledge Unlatched.
Max Weber and His Contemporaries provides an unrivalled tour d'horizon of European intellectual life in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and an assessment of the pivotal position within it occupied by Max Weber. Weber's many interests in and contributions to, such diverse fields as epistemology, political sociology, the sociology of religion and economic history are compared with and connected to those of his friends, pupils and antagonists and also of those contemporaries with whom he had neither a personal relationship nor any kind of scholoarly exchange. Several contributors also explore Weber's attitudes towards the most important political positions of his time (socialism, conservatism and anarchism) and his own involvement in German politics. This volume contributes not only to a better understanding of one of the most eminent modern thinkers and social scientists, but also provides an intellectual biography of a remarkable generation. This book was first published in 1987.
The book is dedicated to the role of visual representations in the history of early modern science. It brings together historical case studies from various fields and discusses epistemological questions such as the role of images as mediatory instances between practical and theoretical knowledge, the interaction between images and texts, and the potential of images to synthesize fragments of knowledge to a global picture.
Given the huge amount of information in the internet and in practically every domain of knowledge that we are facing today, knowledge discovery calls for automation. The book deals with methods from classification and data analysis that respond effectively to this rapidly growing challenge. The interested reader will find new methodological insights as well as applications in economics, management science, finance, and marketing, and in pattern recognition, biology, health, and archaeology.
This book provides a detailed overview of the microorganisms that form the initial growth on the exterior façades of buildings. It deals with the ecophysiological properties that characterize the basic conditions under which these microorganisms can occur on façades. In addition to an identification key for the types and forms of microorganisms, this book provides a detailed description of the individual organisms, stating their ecological range. Furthermore, the various ecological parameters are discussed in short chapters. Measures to prevent and combat the colonization of façades with microorganisms are also addressed. Specialists (architects, construction experts), builders, scientists and master students can find all the information they need on facade algae and fungi here.
Does the popular notion of a 'broken heart' have some grounding in reality? How can grief affect the body in ways that necessitate medical care and may even be life-threatening? Bereavement and Health constitutes a comprehensive review of what is known about the impact of bereavement on surviving partners. Drawing on the work of psychologists, sociologists, epidemiologists, and psychiatrists, Wolfgang and Margaret Stroebe offer a theoretically coherent perspective focused on conjugal loss. After a thorough discussion of stress and depression models of bereavement, the authors present their own theoretical approach, emphasizing social contacts and the interpersonal nature of grief. They then examine the psychological and medical consequences of bereavement: Are the bereaved at higher risk than those who have not lost a partner? What has research revealed about the causes, symptoms, and outcomes of grief? Key questions about recovery from grief are also addressed: Is the health risk of bereavement severe enough to have lasting or even fatal consequences? Is it possible to identify those bereaved who are at high risk before their health suffers? What are the strategies that are most likely to lead to effective coping? Can attempts at intervention be effective? The Stroebes' combination of theoretical integration and methodological rigor will make Bereavement and Health a standard text for years to come.
The best translation of Faust available, this volume provides the original German text and its English counterpart on facing pages. Walter Kaufmann's translation conveys the poetic beauty and rhythm as well as the complex depth of Goethe's language. Includes Part One and selections from Part Two.
The book presents results of recent projects in oceanography and marine geosciences (e.g. WOCE, JGOFS, PAGES, ODP) regarding present and past circulation in the South Atlantic. The objective of the book is to integrate results from both oceanographic and geological studies. As the connecting link between the Antarctic and the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic plays a crucial role with regard to the heat budget of the North Atlantic and to the biogeochemical budget of the global ocean. New results from studies of meridional water mass and heat transports are presented. The central theme of geological investigations is the reconstruction of current and productivity systems in the South Atlantic during the late Quaternary.
Wolfgang Koeppen’s postwar masterpiece in a luminous new translation by the poet Michael Hofmann Pigeons on the Grass is told over a single day in Munich in 1948. The first new cinemas and insurance offices are opening atop the ruins, Korea and Persia are keeping the world in panic, planes rumble in the sky (but no one looks up), newspaper headlines announce war over oil and atomic bomb tests. Odysseus Cotton, a black man, alights at the station and hires a porter; Frau Behrend disowns her daughter; with their interracial love affair, Carla Behrend and Washington Price scandalize their neighbors—who still expect gifts of chocolate and coffee; a boy hustles to sell a stray dog; Mr. Edwin, a visiting poet, prepares for a reading; Philipp gives himself up to despair; Emilia sells the last of her jewelry; Alexander stars as the Archduke in a new German Super-production; and Susanne seeks out a night to remember. In Michael Hofmann’s words, “in their sum, they are the totality of existence.” Koeppen spares no one and sees all in this penetrating and intense novel that surveys those who remain, and those who have just arrived, in a damaged society. As inventive as Joyce and as compulsively readable as Dickens, Pigeons on the Grass is a great lost classic.
The shared platform of the articles collected in this volume is used to advocate a dynamical systems approach to cognition. It is argued that recent developments in cognitive science towards an account of embodiment, together with the general approach of complexity theory and dynamics, have a major impact on behavioral and cognitive science. The book points out that there are two domains that follow naturally from the stance of embodiment: first, coordination dynamics is an established empirical paradigm that is best able to aid the approach; second, the obvious goal-directedness of intelligent action (i.e., intentionality) is nicely addressed in the framework of the dynamical synergetic approach.
Simulation Methods for ESD Protection Development looks at the integration of new techniques into a comprehensive development flow, which is now available due advances made in the field during the recent years. These findings allow for an early, stable ESD concept at a very early stage of the technology development, which is essential now development cycles have been reduced. The book also offers ways of increasing the optimization and control of the technology concerning performance, thus making the process more cost effective and increasingly efficient. This title provides a guide through the latest research and technology presenting the ESD protection development methodology. This is based on a combination of process, device and circuit stimulation, and addresses the optimization of the industry critical issue, reduced development cycles.Written to address the needs of the ESD engineer, this text is required reading by all industry practitioners and researchers and students within this field. - The FIRST Extensive overview on the subject of ESD simulation - Addresses the industry critical issue of reduced development cycles, and provides solutions - Presents the latest research in the field with high practical relevance and its results
Until now, no book has covered all of Cold War air combat in the words of the men who waged it. In I Always Wanted to Fly, retired United States Air Force Colonel Wolfgang W. E. Samuel has gathered first-person memories from heroes of the cockpits and airstrips. Battling in dogfights when jets were novelties, saving lives in grueling airlifts, or flying dangerous reconnaissance missions deep into Soviet and Chinese airspace, these flyers waged America's longest and most secretively conducted air war. Many of the pilots Samuel interviewed invoke the same sentiment when asked why they risked their lives in the air—“I always wanted to fly.” While young, they were inspired by barnstormers, by World War I fighter legends, by the legendary Charles Lindbergh, and often just by seeing airplanes flying overhead. With the advent of World War II, many of these dreamers found themselves in cockpits soon after high school. Of those who survived World War II, many chose to continue following their dream, flying the Berlin Airlift, stopping the North Korean army during the “forgotten war” in Korea, and fighting in the Vietnam War. Told in personal narratives and reminiscences, I Always Wanted to Fly renders views from pilots' seats and flight decks during every air combat flashpoint from 1945–1968. Drawn from long exposure to the immense stress of warfare, the stories these warriors share are both heroic and historic. The author, a veteran of many secret reconnaissance missions, evokes individuals and scenes with authority and grace. He provides clear, concise historical context for each airman's memories. In I Always Wanted to Fly he has produced both a thrilling and inspirational acknowledgment of personal heroism and a valuable addition to our documentation of the Cold War.
Carbene Chemistry, Second Edition discusses the developments in various areas of carbene chemistry, including the correlation of spectroscopic studies of isolated carbenes with quantum chemical calculations; new carbene precursors; differentiation of carbenes and carbenoids; and mechanisms of single and triplet carbine reactions. This book is composed of two main parts encompassing 13 chapters. The first part covers the many reactions known to transfer a formally divalent carbon fragment from one molecule to another, with special emphasis on the mechanism and a critical evaluation of the evidence for carbene intermediates. The second part examines the multitude of product-forming reactions of carbenes and carbenoids with various substrates. This part also describes the structure-reactivity relationships for both carbenes and their substrates, followed by a discussion of the applications of carbene compounds in synthetic organic chemistry. This work will be of great value to organic chemists and researchers.
Acute heart failure is a potentially life threatening situation where correct, rapid therapy can save lives. Information from the latest research and studies has been used to update this text to bring the latest understanding of the pathophysiology together with a practical guide to diagnosis and management using an evidenced based approach. Since the first edition of Acute Heart Failure, this research has brought to light three important issues to be integrated into a second edition. First, the so-called “vascular heart failure” has been identified as a common and decisive mechanism provoking acute heart failure due to the coupling and interaction between the heart (right and left heart) and the large vessel systems (aorta and pulmonary artery). Second, the interaction and cross-talk between heart and kidneys, the so-called ‘cardiorenal syndrome’ has been identified as another feature of acute heart failure syndromes. Third, we have new knowledge and updated points of views about the development of pulmonary hypertension in patients suffering from heart failure, the group 2 of the classification system of pulmonary hypertension. These are all covered in this second edition. This revision to a seminal text is a valuable addition to any practitioner who treats patients with acute heart failure and wants a deeper understanding of the condition.
The treatise is the first coherent and comprehensive presentation of the important sub-field of ""technology entrepreneurship"" emphasizing the science and engineering perspectives. It is a presentation of technology entrepreneurship as an inter-cultural approach referring to the US and Germany. It integrates micro- and macro aspects referring to numerous cases of firms' foundations. The book provides also a new semi-quantitative approach to growth of new technology ventures.
This new textbook provides for the first time a comprehensive treatment of the basics of contemporary crystallography and crystal growth in a single volume. The reader will be familiarized with the concepts for the description of morphological and structural symmetry of crystals. The architecture of crystal structures of selected inorganic and molecular crystals is illustrated. The main crystallographic databases as data sources of crystal structures are described. Nucleation processes, their kinetics and main growth mechanism will be introduced in fundamentals of crystal growth. Some phase diagrams in the solid and liquid phases in correlation with the segregation of dopants are treated on a macro- and microscale. Fluid dynamic aspects with different types of convection in melts and solutions are discussed. Various growth techniques for semiconducting materials in connection with the use of external field (magnetic fields and microgravity) are described. Crystal characterization as the overall assessment of the grown crystal is treated in detail with respect to - crystal defects - crystal quality - field of application Introduction to Crystal Growth and Characterization is an ideal textbook written in a form readily accessible to undergraduate and graduate students of crystallography, physics, chemistry, materials science and engineering. It is also a valuable resource for all scientists concerned with crystal growth and materials engineering.
Widely regarded as the greatest German literary figure of the modern era, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a prolific author of novels, epic and lyric poetry, prose, plays, scientific treatises and autobiography. A literary celebrity by the age of 25, Goethe achieved enormous success with his first novel, ‘The Sorrows of Young Werther’. Inspiring the imagination of a generation, it was the first novel of the Sturm und Drang movement, which exalted nature, feeling, and human individualism, seeking to overthrow Rationalism. ‘Faust’, Goethe’s two-part dramatic masterpiece, is regarded as the supreme work of his later years and is often cited as Germany’s greatest contribution to world literature. Based on the traditional theme of the eponymous scholar making a pact with the demon Mephistopheles, the drama explores themes that encapsulate the fullest expression of the European Romantic movement, to which Goethe was an early and major contributor. This comprehensive eBook presents Goethe’s complete fictional works, with numerous illustrations, rare texts, informative introductions and the usual Delphi bonus material. (Version 2) * Beautifully illustrated with images relating to Goethe’s life and works * Concise introductions to the major texts * All of the novels and short fiction, with individual contents tables * Features rare works appearing for the first time in digital publishing * Images of how the books were first published, giving your eReader a taste of the original texts * Excellent formatting of the texts * All 12 plays and the complete poetry (tr. Edgar A. Bowring) * Includes the rare epic poem ‘Reynard the Fox’ (tr. Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen) * Special chronological and alphabetical contents tables for the poetry * Easily locate the poems you want to read * Includes a large selection Goethe’s non-fiction – available in no other collection * Includes Goethe’s travel writing and autobiography * Special criticism section, with essays evaluating Goethe’s contribution to literature * Features three biographies – discover Goethe’s incredible life * Johann Peter Eckermann’s seminal memoir ‘Conversations with Goethe’ (tr. John Oxenford) * Ordering of texts into chronological order and genres Please visit www.delphiclassics.com to browse through our range of exciting titles CONTENTS: The Novels The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774) Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship (1794) Elective Affinities (1809) Wilhelm Meister’s Journeyman Years (1821) The Shorter Fiction The Green Snake and the Beautiful Lily (1795) A Tale (1797) The Good Women (1797) The Plays The Wayward Lover (1768) The Fellow Culprits (1769) Goetz von Berlichingen (1773) Clavigo (1774) Egmont (1788) The Brother and Sister (1776) Stella (1776) Iphigenia in Tauris (1779) Torquato Tasso (1790) The Natural Daughter (1803) Faust: Part One (1808) Faust: Part Two (1832) The Poetry The Poems of Goethe Reynard the Fox (1794) The Non-Fiction The Siege of Mainz (1793) Theory of Colours (1810) Introduction to ‘The Propyläen’ (1798) Winckelmann and His Age (1805) Maxims and Reflections The Travel Writing Letters from Switzerland and Travels in Italy (1816) The Criticism Goethe the Writer by Ralph Waldo Emerson Goethe by C. E. Vaughan Goethe by John Cowper Powys Goethe’s Faust by George Santayana Shakespeare and Goethe by David Masson Goethe’s Theory of Colors by John Tyndall Extracts of Correspondence by Sir Walter Scott The Autobiography Truth and Fiction Relating to My Life (1811) The Biographies Conversations with Goethe (1836) by Johann Peter Eckermann The Life of Goethe by Calvin Thomas (1886) Life of Johann Wolfgang Goethe by James Sime (1888) Please visit www.delphiclassics.com to browse through our range of exciting titles or to purchase this eBook as a Parts Edition of individual eBooks
Information Markets is a compendium of the i-commerce, the commerce with digital information, content as well as software. Information Markets is a comprehensive overview of the state of the art of economic and information science endeavors on the markets of digital information. It provides a strategic guideline for information providers how to analyse their market environment and how to develop possible strategic actions. It is a book for information professionals, both for students of LIS (Library and Information Science), CIS (Computer and Information Science) or Information Management curricula and for practitioners as well as managers in these fields.
Printed book cultures in Scandinavia before 1525 were formed by their vicinity to expanding European book markets. Collections of prints were founded, decisions on printing books in Scandinavia were based upon thorough knowledge of what printers on the continent achieved in question of volume, quality and price. Building on a large database of contemporary provenances and statistical analyses of every possible aspect of peripheral book markets, as well as on new readings of many old and new sources, this book recalibrates scholarly looks on Scandinavian book history before the Reformation. The result is a fresh portrait of a dynamic period in cultural history which places Scandinavia, though in the geographical periphery of Europe, in the middle of European printing.
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