Englerin A is a guaiane sesquiterpene with potent and selective growth inhibition activity against six human renal cancer cell lines. Englerin A has captured the attention of the synthetic organic chemistry community owing to its exciting activity and its attractive polycyclic and functionalized structure. This document describes the process by which we developed a carbonyl-based synthesis of the natural product that relies upon simple, inexpensive starting materials. Utilizing a diastereoselective Michael addition reaction, followed by a remarkably selective samarium-mediated carbonyl-alkene cyclization, we completed an eight-step synthesis of englerin A.
Antimicrobial agents are essential for the treatment of life-threatening infections and for managing the burden of minor infections in the community. In addition, they play a key role in organ and bone marrow transplantation, cancer chemotherapy, artificial joint and heart valve surgery. Unlike other classes of medicines, they are vulnerable to resistance from mutations in target microorganisms, and their adverse effects may extend to other patients (increased risk of cross-infection). As a consequence, there is a constant requirement for new agents, as well as practices that ensure the continued effective prescribing of licensed agents. The fully revised and updated seventh edition of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy is an essential guide to the principles of antimicrobial chemotherapy, the problem of resistance and its control through policies, antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance. The book provides an aid to informed, rational prescribing for common bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infections. Divided in five parts, the book cover issues specific to both the developed and developing world. Part 1 'General property of antimicrobial agents' discusses mechanisms of action and resistance to antibacterial, antifungal antiprotozoal, antiviral, and antiviral agents. Part 2 'Resistance to antimicrobial agents' provides guidance about the problem of resistance, mechanisms of acquired resistance and genetics of resistance. Part 3 'General principles of usage of antimicrobial agents' analyses the use of the laboratory, general principles of the treatment of infection, dosing in special groups (extremes of age, pregnancy, obesity), safe prescribing, prophylaxis and the role of policies in antimicrobial stewardship. Part 4 'Therapeutic use of antimicrobial agents' provides advice about the treatment of common infections which are described by anatomical. There are also chapters on the management of mycobacterial disease, viral infections, HIV/AIDS and parasitic infections. The final part of the book analyses the development and marketing of antimicrobial drugs. This seventh edition of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy continues to be a valuable resource for undergraduates and graduates requiring a thorough grounding in the scientific basis and clinical application of these drugs.
This book is the first in the literature to present the state of the art and some interesting and relevant applications of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). The AHP is a conceptually and mathematically simple, easily implementable, yet extremely powerful tool for group decision making and is used around the world in a wide variety of decision situations, in fields such as government, business, industry, healthcare, and education. The aim of this book is to study various fuzzy methods for dealing with the imprecise and ambiguous data in AHP. Features: First book available on FAHP. Showcases state-of-the-art developments. Contains several novel real-life applications. Provides useful insights to both academics and practitioners in making group decisions under uncertainty This book provides the necessary background to work with existing fuzzy AHP models. Once the material in this book has been mastered, the reader will be able to apply fuzzy AHP models to his or her problems for making decisions with imprecise data.
Today, more than 80% of the data transmitted over networks and archived on our computers, tablets, cell phones or clouds is multimedia data - images, videos, audio, 3D data. The applications of this data range from video games to healthcare, and include computer-aided design, video surveillance and biometrics. It is becoming increasingly urgent to secure this data, not only during transmission and archiving, but also during its retrieval and use. Indeed, in today’s "all-digital" world, it is becoming ever-easier to copy data, view it unrightfully, steal it or falsify it. Multimedia Security 1 analyzes the issues of the authentication of multimedia data, code and the embedding of hidden data, both from the point of view of defense and attack. Regarding the embedding of hidden data, it also covers invisibility, color, tracing and 3D data, as well as the detection of hidden messages in an image by steganalysis.
The last research frontier in high frequency electronics now lies in the so-called THz (or submillimeter-wave) regime between the traditional microwave and infrared domains. Significant scientific and technical challenges within the terahertz (THz) frequency regime have recently motivated an array of new research activities. During the last few years, major research programs have emerged that are focused on advancing the state of the art in THz frequency electronic technology and on investigating novel applications of THz frequency sensing. This book serves as a detailed reference for the new THz frequency technological advances that are emerging across a wide spectrum of sensing and technology areas. Contents: THz Technology: An Overview (P H Siegel); Two-Terminal Active Devices for Terahertz Sources (G I Haddad et al.); Multiplier and Harmonic Generator Technologies for Terahertz Applications (R M Weikle II et al.); Submicron InP-Based HBTs for Ultra-High Frequency Amplifiers (M Urteaga et al.); THz Generation by Photomixing in Ultrafast Photoconductors (E R Brown); Silicon-Germanium Quantum-Cascade Lasers (R W Kelsall & R A Soref); Plasma Wave Electronics (M S Shur & V Ryzhii); T-Ray Sensing and Imaging (S P Mickan & X-C Zhang); Multistatic Reflection Imaging with Terahertz Pulses (T D Dorney et al.). Readership: Undergraduates, graduate students, academics and researchers in electrical & electronic engineering.
Offering unparalleled coverage of infectious diseases in children and adolescents, Feigin & Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 8th Edition, continues to provide the information you need on epidemiology, public health, preventive medicine, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and much more. This extensively revised edition by Drs. James Cherry, Gail J. Demmler-Harrison, Sheldon L. Kaplan, William J. Steinbach, and Peter J. Hotez, offers a brand-new full-color design, new color images, new guidelines, and new content, reflecting today's more aggressive infectious and resistant strains as well as emerging and re-emerging diseases - Discusses infectious diseases according to organ system, as well as individually by microorganisms, placing emphasis on the clinical manifestations that may be related to the organism causing the disease. - Provides detailed information regarding the best means to establish a diagnosis, explicit recommendations for therapy, and the most appropriate uses of diagnostic imaging. - Features expanded information on infections in the compromised host; immunomodulating agents and their potential use in the treatment of infectious diseases; and Ebola virus. - Contains hundreds of new color images throughout, as well as new guidelines, new resistance epidemiology, and new Global Health Milestones. - Includes new chapters on Zika virus and Guillain-Barré syndrome. - Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 775: Applying GPS Data to Understand Travel Behavior, Volume I: Background, Methods, and Tests describes the research process that was used to develop guidelines on the use of multiple sources of Global Positioning System (GPS) data to understand travel behavior and activity. The guidelines, which are included in NCHRP Report 775, Volume II are intended to provide a jump-start for processing GPS data for travel behavior purposes and provide key information elements that practitioners should consider when using GPS data." -- Publisher's note.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Dialogues, stories, and anecdotes from Confucius reveal the Chinese teacher's perpective on the state, leadership, virtue, and the proper relationship between humankind and nature.
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