Given the importance of bread in the Iranian diet, it is surprising that its role in Iranian society has so far been ignored as a subject of study. Since ancient times, bread has been the staple diet of the peoples living in the Iranian plateau. In The History of Bread in Iran, Willem Floor, one of the foremost scholars of Iranian history, describes the beginnings of agriculture and bread-making, and the various grains and other products that were, and are, used to make bread. He then delves into the making of dough in rural and urban areas, followed by an overview of baking techniques, and the many kinds of bread that were-and continue to be-made in Iran. And, because Man does not live by bread alone, we are offered an overview of the spiritual and social aspects of bread in Iranian society. Finally, the author assesses the dietary importance of bread to the people of Iran and ends by addressing the question of how the State dealt with "the bread issue," which often determined the rise and fall of governments.
Reproduction of the original. The publishing house Megali specialises in reproducing historical works in large print to make reading easier for people with impaired vision.
Our Battle for the Human Spirit is a comprehensive probe into what is happening to human life in the beginning of the 21st century. It explores how culture, experience, and symbolization have been replaced by scientific, discipline-based, approaches.
This biography recalls the fascinating life of the second Reformed minister of New Amsterdam (New York), from his mystical experience as a 15-year old orphan in Holland until his tragic death as a spokesman of the opposition during Kieft's War.
The Athletic Skills Model offers an alternative to dominant talent development theories in the form of holistic broad-based movement education, focusing on health and wellbeing. It places the emphasis on ‘physical intelligence’ – including attributes such as agility, flexibility and stability – through adaptable and varied training programmes, creating a skilled athlete before introducing sport specialization. The book sets out the scientific underpinnings of the ASM before going on to offer practical guidance on the content of the programme, how to adapt and vary the programme, and how to apply the approach to different age groups and sports. The ASM’s application in the youth development programme at AFC Ajax is explored in depth, before a future of talent development with an emphasis on athletic, rather than sport-specific, expertise is imagined. The Athletic Skills Model introduces an important and timely challenge to conventional wisdom in talent development and is a fascinating read for any upper-level student or researcher interested in youth development, skill acquisition, motor learning or sports coaching, and any coaches wanting to refresh their approach to talent development.
Why are some regions and cities so good at attracting talented people, creating high-level knowledge, and producing exciting new ideas and innovations? What are the ingredients of success? Can innovative cities be created and stimulated, or do they just flourish by mere chance? This book analyses the development and management of innovation systems in cities, in order to provide a better understanding of what makes such systems perform. The book opens by developing a conceptual model that combines insights from urban economics with economic geography, urban governance and place marketing. This highlights the relevance of path dependence, different types of proximity (and the role of clusters, networks and platforms), institutional conditions, place attractiveness and place identity in the evolution of local innovation systems. The authors then draw on this conceptual framework to structure empirical case studies in three cities with a relatively high innovation performance: Eindhoven (the Netherlands), Stockholm (Sweden) and Suzhou (China). Through these case studies they provide a detailed analysis of how successful innovation systems evolve and what makes them tick. Unique to this book is the linking of analysis to concrete policy and management responses. The book ends with a discussion on six themes in the development of successful urban innovation systems: firm-capabilities and leader firms, higher education and research, attractive environment, place branding, institutional environment and entrepreneurship. Each theme is examined fully, drawing lessons from the case studies, and from recent insights and other cases discussed in the literature. This title will be of interest to students, researchers and policymakers involved in regional innovation systems, knowledge locations and cluster development.
A collection of fifteen essays, most of them published previously. Ch. 6 (pp. 109-118), "Jews and Christians in Antioch at the End of the Fourth Century" [appeared in "Christian-Jewish Relations through the Centuries" (2000)], contrasts the vitriolic anti-Jewish polemics of John Chrysostom in regard to Judaizing with the attitude of the "Apostolic Constitutions" (material on ecclesiastical law). The latter, instead of denigrating the Jews, borrowed from them aspects of Judaism that local Christians found attractive. Ch. 12 (pp. 207-221), "Who Was Apion?" [unpublished], focuses on Apion's "scholarship" and writing, i.e. activities other than his anti-Jewish polemics. However, notes that Apion's self-proclaimed originality included his invention of the libel of Jewish cannibalism.
A blistering, brutal novel of the South African frontier from a major new literary voice In the eighteenth century, a giant strides the border of the Cape Colony frontier. Coenraad de Buys is a legend, a polygamist, a swindler and a big talker; a rebel who fights with Xhosa chieftains against the Boers and British; the fierce patriarch of a sprawling mixed-race family with a veritable tribe of followers; a savage enemy and a loyal ally. Like the wild dogs who are always at his heels, he roams the shifting landscape of southern Africa, hungry and spoiling for a fight. Red Dog is a brilliant, fiercely powerful novel - a wild, epic tale of Africa in a time before boundaries between cultures and peoples were fixed, based on the life of a real historical figure.
This book looks at the way in which the 'call for justice' is portrayed through art and presents a wide range of texts from film to theatre to essays and novels to interrogate the law. 'Calls for justice' may have their positive connotations, but throughout history most have caused annoyance. Art is very well suited to deal with such annoyance, or to provoke it. This study shows how art operates as an interface, here, between two spheres: the larger realm of justice and the more specific system of law. This interface has a double potential. It can make law and justice affirm or productively disturb one another. Approaching issues of injustice that are felt globally, eight chapters focus on original works of art not dealt with before, including Milo Rau's The Congo Tribunal, Elfriede Jelinek's Ulrike Maria Stuart, Valeria Luiselli's Tell Me How It Ends and Nicolas Winding Refn's Only God Forgives. They demonstrate how through art's interface, impasses are addressed, new laws are made imaginable, the span of systems of laws is explored, and the differences in what people consider to be just are brought to light. The book considers the improvement of law and justice to be a global struggle and, whilst the issues dealt with are culture-specific, it argues that the logics introduced are applicable everywhere.
Clear geometric forms become sculptural buildings when given a thin skin of decorative patterns by Neutelings Riedijk Architects. Their buildings are icons whose facades give surprising views inwards. Inside, the space is captured as a formgiving element tantalizing the senses. this book takes the reader through the many layers in their work, past comptetition entries and from realized to unrealized projects." Book jacket.
The twenty-first-century's turn away from fidelity-based adaptations toward more innovative approaches has allowed adapters from Spain, Argentina, and the United States to draw upon Spain's rich body of nineteenth-century classics to address contemporary concerns about gender, sexuality, race, class, disability, celebrity, immigration, identity, social justice, and domestic violence. This book provides a snapshot of visual adaptations in the first two decades of the new millennium, examining how novelistic material from the past has been remediated for today's viewers through film, television, theater, opera, and the graphic novel. Its theoretical approach refines the binary view of adapters as either honoring or opposing their source texts by positing three types of adaptation strategies: salvaging (which preserves old stories by giving them renewed life for modern audiences), utilizing (which draws upon a pre-existing text for an alternative purpose, building upon the story and creating a shift in emphasis without devaluing the source material), and appropriation (which involves a critique of the source text, often with an attempt to dismantle its authority). Special attention is given to how adapters address audiences that are familiar with the source novels, and those that are not. This examination of the vibrant afterlife of classic literature will be of interest to scholars and educators in the fields of adaptation, media, Spanish literature, cultural studies, performance, and the graphic arts.
This book traces the origins of the legend that Jewish musicians in concentration camps were forced to play a Tango of Death at the gas chambers and shows how in this legend the actual history is hidden, distorted, or even lost altogether.
Willem Marinus Dudok (1884-1974) is regarded internationally as one of the most important Dutch architects. As director of Public Works and City Architect to Hilversum, Dudok realized in that municipality not only his world-famous City Hall but also a welter of smaller projects including public baths, a library, housing, schools, a sports park and a cemetery. It was in this period that Dudok developed his own idiom, marked by compositions of cubic volumes. Besides his Hilversum buildings, others he built in Rotterdam, Paris and Velsen have been the subject of great interest. They are regarded as exemplifying an architecture that appeals not only to the professional world but also to the public at large. This compact though lavishly illustrated volume gives a complete overview of the major works by this architect who succeeded in striking a unique balance between modernism and tradition.
Fully renewed and extended, this edition is a valuable source of information for anyone involved in drainage engineering and management. It provides new theories, technologies, knowledge and experiences in combination with traditional land development practices in the humid temperature zone. Aspects covered include: management and maintenance;
Come for the magic. Stay for the mystery. Ten exclusive, never-before-published stories of murder, mystery, and mayhem, wrapped in fantastical realms where private detectives, police consultants, and bounty hunters wrangle with elves, nephilim, and shifters...or use magic to solve a mystery!
The land of Acanthus is a haven for great Conjurers. There exists an endangered unknown prophecy. When threats begin to attack and ancient treasures are in peril, an exceptional witch rises to guard that which can change the entire future of Acanthus. With the start of a war, untold secrets are revealed, past lives are re-discovered, the dead walk again, revenge is sought and the great witch fights to protect her coven. Its a journey to Death on the path of immortality. Within the turmoil, will the great witch be able to defend the trove and save the coven? Or will it end in eternal doom?
From the very beginnings of their existence, human beings have distinguished themselves from other animals by not taking immediate experience for granted. Everything was symbolized according to its meaning and value: a fallen branch from a tree became a lever; a tree trunk floating in the river became a canoe. Homo logos created communities based on cultures: humanity's first megaproject. Further symbolization of the human community and its relation to nature led to the possibility of creating societies and civilizations. Everything changed as these interposed themselves between the group and nature. Homo societas created ways of life able to give meaning, direction, and purpose to many groups by means of very different cultures: humanity's second megaproject. What Das Kapital did for the nineteenth century and La technique did for the twentieth, Willem H. Vanderburg's Living in the Labyrinth of Technology seeks to create for the twenty-first century: an attempt at understanding the world in a manner not shackled to overspecialized scientific knowing and technical doing. Western civilization may well be creating humanity's third megaproject, based not on symbolization for making sense of and living in the world, but on highly specialized desymbolized knowing stripped of all peripheral understanding. Vanderburg focuses on two interdependent forces in his narrative, namely, people changing technology and technology changing people. The latter aspect, although rarely considered, turns out to be the more critical one for understanding the spectacular successes and failures of contemporary ways of life. As technology continues to change the social and physical world, the experiences of this world 'grow' people's minds and society's cultures, thereby re-creating human life in the image of technology. Living in the Labyrinth of Technology argues that the twenty-first century will be dominated by this pattern unless society intervenes on human (as opposed to technical) terms.
In 1966 Mao Zedong unleashed the Cultural Revolution, a brutal and bloody campaign aimed at obliterating the past and building a new China on the rubble of its ancient civilization. Now it is 1988, and while the tide of change has turned for the better, the legacy of Mao lingers on in the minds of former devotees and victims alike. Five years have passed since China's first tentative opening to the outside world, and the effects are undeniable. Initially overawed by foreign customs, China's youngsters have become increasingly restless, frustrated by the rigid system that has bound them for so long. Frightened by their children's foolhardy defiance of the Party, a group of friends gather to relive the past, hoping they can restore a sense of reality before it is too late. "May You Live In Interesting Times" is an intelligent and compassionate work spanning decades of turmoil. Willem Dijkstra has produced a novel of considerable depth, weaving individual suffering and anguish into a broader tapestry of mass political persecution and terror. Through characters such as Xu Suping and Dao Huimin, Willem Dijkstra not only brings the nightmare of Mao's China sharply into focus, but he also succeeds in capturing the essence of the Chinese: exasperating, stubborn, warm-hearted and eternally resilient.
This Element describes the development of an affective economy of violence in the early modern Dutch Republic through the circulation of images. The Element outlines that while violence became more controlled in the course of the 17th century, with fewer public executions for instance, the realm of cultural representation was filled with violent imagery: from prints, atlases and paintings, through theatres and public spectacles, to peep boxes. It shows how emotions were evoked, exploited, and controlled in this affective economy of violence based on desires, interests and exploitation. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
A comprehensive introduction to micro-economics in general, this book is set against a contemporary South African background. Straightforward language, practical examples and numerous graphs illustrate the theory in this textbook and make it especially accessible for distance learners.
Countdown to Freedom" is the story of a young Dutch boy from the big port city of Rotterdam, Holland who experienced first-hand the invasion of his country by the Nazis in 1940, the wanton bombing of the city by the German Luftwaffe, numerous bombings by the Allied Air forces, persecution of the Jewish population, reprisal killings, the gradual loss of all freedoms, the taking of thousands of slave laborers, the terrible 'hunger winter' of 1944/1945 when thousands of people starved to death and the dropping of food by B-17's and Lancasters to the starving population toward the end of the war. Throughout the war the desire to be free became an obsession. But not all was gloom and doom. There were funny moments and the population never lost its sense of humor. The family enjoyed some good times and laughed but those moments were always experienced under the oppressive Nazi cloak. Symbols of freedom were the contrails of thousands of bombers that would fly over Rotterdam on their way to targets in Germany and the lone Spitfire that one time swooped down low, rocked its wings several times, waved at us and then sped away. But it is not just Freedom for its own sake rather what in the end the cost of that freedom was. That is the story and the message the author would like to get across.
Traces the career of abstract expressionist Willem De Kooning, discussing his personal life with wife Elaine Fried, and his battle with alcoholism and Alzheimer's disease.
“In this moving tragicomedy,” an academic hoping to secure his reputation gains “self-knowledge . . . achieved at great cost” in this literary novel. (Publishers Weekly) Alfred Issendorf is a Dutch geology student obsessed with the thought of dying without a major scientific discovery to his name. Setting off on a geological expedition which brings him to Norway, Issendorf is out to prove that craters in the landscape are actually holes caused by the impact of meteorites. But his trip quickly turns sour: the unearthly atmosphere of the midnight sun makes him paranoid; nights are too hot; clouds of mosquitoes steal his sleep; he is exhausted. Suspicion takes over and he sees secret plots against his scientific work by everyone and everything. Haunted by down-and-out scientists, the ghost of his dead father, and apparitions of ancient animals, Issendorf's character is both naïve and cynical, ambitious and distrustful, grandiose and talentless and his story is one of adventure and discovery, psychology and pride. Beyond Sleep is a classic of post-war European literature: the saga of a man at the limits of the civilized world. “An exceptionally well-crafted novel. . . . [the characters are] wryly funny, and in that lies the novel's brilliance. —Booklist “An unusual and intriguing book, and a welcome introduction to the work of a neglected 20th-century master. —Kirkus Reviews "A novel of worldly disengagement trembling on the edge of tragedy, all the more comic for being related in Hermans' best poker-faced manner" —J.M. Coetzee, Nobel Prize Laureate
In Speaking, Willem "Pim" Levelt, Director of the Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik, accomplishes the formidable task of covering the entire process of speech production, from constraints on conversational appropriateness to articulation and self-monitoring of speech. Speaking is unique in its balanced coverage of all major aspects of the production of speech, in the completeness of its treatment of the entire speech process, and in its strategy of exemplifying rather than formalizing theoretical issues.
It is well known that the balance sheets of most major central banks significantly expanded in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007-2011, but the consequences of this expansion are not well understood. This book develops a unified framework to explain how and why central bank balance sheets have expanded and what this shift means for fiscal and monetary policy. Buiter addresses a number of key issues in monetary economics and public finance, including how helicopter money works, when modern monetary theory makes sense, why the Eurosystem has a potentially fatal design flaw, why the fiscal theory of the price level is a fallacy and how to escape from the zero lower bound.
Willem Frederik Hermans's lucid and exhilarating WWII masterpiece in a razor-sharp translation by David Colmer A Guardian Angel Recalls is a gripping and diabolical wartime novel by one of the most provocative Dutch writers of the twentieth-century. Alberegt, a frenzied and lovelorn public prosecutor, speeds through Hook of Holland in his black Renault on May 9, 1940 – the eve of the German invasion of the Netherlands. Guiding his every move is a guardian angel. With unflappable patience, the angel flits from the hood of the Renault to the rim of his windswept hat, determined to quell his every anxiety and doubt. The angel's momentary distraction, however, sets off a chain of events that spins a nightmarish web. Alberegt's elusive companion serves both as narrator and meddlesome driver of the plot, though not without the interventions of a rotating cast of devils.
No-nonsense gratitude opens your door to living rich. Think thanks, and nothing is impossible. Your wildest dreams coming true: this is the magic of saying thank you. Helicopter explorer and Iceland settler Willem Meiners makes a powerful case: "If you're not a Mother Theresa, here's your strongest incentive: be thankful, it's for your own benefit.
Exposing the limitations of conventional approaches to the engineering and regulation of technology, Vanderburg suggests that the solution lies in a preventive strategy that situates technological growth in its human, societal, and biospheric contexts.
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