This book describes means in improving the technology of LSI/VLSI ICs production. It does so by concentrating on improvements of manufacturing yield and quality of the products by detecting weak points which should be eliminated on the way up the learning curve. The book presents a systematic approach to the problem, covering primarily methods based on the use of test patterns measurements, in both mass production and in research and development activities. The main groups of defects found in IC chips and ways to detect them using test structures are discussed in detail.
Winner of the PEN Translation Prize A “sweeping . . . irreverent” masterpiece of postwar Polish literature that “chronicles the modernization of Poland and celebrates the persistence of desire” (The New Yorker) Hailed as one of the best ever books in translation, Stone Upon Stone is Wieslaw Mysliwski’s grand epic in the rural tradition—a profound and irreverent stream of memory cutting through the rich and varied terrain of one man’s connection to the land, to his family and community, to women, to tradition, to God, to death, and to what it means to be alive. Wise and impetuous, plainspoken and compassionate, Szymek recalls his youth in their village, his time as a guerrilla soldier, as a wedding official, barber, policeman, lover, drinker, and caretaker for his invalid brother. Filled with interwoven stories and voices, by turns hilarious and moving, Szymek’s narrative exudes the profound wisdom of one who has suffered, yet who loves life to the very core.
This book describes means in improving the technology of LSI/VLSI ICs production. It does so by concentrating on improvements of manufacturing yield and quality of the products by detecting weak points which should be eliminated on the way up the learning curve. The book presents a systematic approach to the problem, covering primarily methods based on the use of test patterns measurements, in both mass production and in research and development activities. The main groups of defects found in IC chips and ways to detect them using test structures are discussed in detail.
Technological development enhances the demand for new sources of white lighting characterized by low energy consumption, high emission efficiency and low production costs. Therefore much effort is concentrated on the development of new, more effective and easier synthesis methods of phosphors, new phosphor projection and technological solutions. This book presents an up-to-date examination of how phosphors are used for laser-induced solid state lighting as well as describing the phenomena that are responsible for interionic energy transfer leading to light generation. The phenomena cover all significant effects which have to be taken into account in case of phosphors for laser induced lighting. These include: concentration effect, size effect and thermal conductivity on luminescent properties of phosphor for lighting. Chapters describe both conventional Stokes emission and also down-converting and up-converting anti-Stokes phosphors. The mechanisms of generation of broad band emission are also covered. Covering the luminescent properties and applications of phosphors, the book suggests possible directions for future research, in order to produce new efficient phosphor for lighting. It will be extremely valuable for researchers seeking an overview of current trends in laser induced lighting, highlighting current research, and explaining phenomena that are responsible for light generation in phosphors. Moreover, this book is an important reference which describe the phenomena that need to be taken into account when preparing new phosphor for laser induced solid state lighting. Examination of the size effect of phosphor grain on its luminescent (up- and down-convertion) properties, allowing scientists to use phosphor grain more effectively Detailed information of thermal conductivity at the nanoscale and its influence on luminescent properties Explains how phosphors are used for laser induced lighting, allowing readers to exploit phosphors to their full potential
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