The Atlas of Climate Change—Based on SEAP-CMIP5" is intended to satisfy readers’ curiosity: how will our climate system change over the next 100 years? It is the first showcase for the state-of -the-art earth system models that released their CMIP5 simulations for the IPCC AR5.The atlas focuses on both the past climate system change from 1850 and the projection of the future climate system change to 2100 using the RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios based on climate models. This provides the research and application community interested in the impact of climate change on fields such as agriculture, ecosystem, environment,water resources, energy, health, economy, risk governance and international negotiation, etc. with the newest climate change projection information. Additionally, the atlas will show the historical responsibility of the developed/developing countries and possible contributions to the mitigation of climate change according to their pledge of GHG emission reduction after the Cancun Agreement as an extension numerical experiment to CMIP5 with NCAR’s CESM1.0. The authors will update this atlas after future releases of CMIP5 model outputs and update the figures in the second edition of the atlas in 2012-2013. Both Prof. Wenjie Dong and Yan Guo work at the Beijing Normal University, China. Prof. Fumin Ren works at the China Meteorological Administration, China. Prof. Jianbin Huang works at the Tsinghua University, China.
This atlas and reference resource assembles the latest research findings on the responsibility and obligation of human society for historical climate change. It clearly and quantitatively estimates to what extent the developed and developing world are responsible for historical climate change with regard to anthropogenic carbon and sulfur emissions as well as global carbon trade, and so provides a potential tool to address the controversial issue of carbon emission reduction in international climate negotiations. Since the quantitative attribution of historical climate change is calculated based on CMIP5 models, the fidelity of these models in representing the observed climate change is also evaluated. In addition to evaluation, future climate change based on CMIP5 models is also shown both on global and regional scales (especially for China and its surrounding areas ) in terms of surface air temperature, precipitation, sea surface temperature, atmospheric circulations and Arctic Sea ice. The atlas also makes various comparisons among different multi-model ensemble methods in order to obtain the most reliable estimation.
Dunhuang Although Internationally Known Is Infrequently Visited. The Mogao Shrine At Dunhuang Is A Cluster Of 492 Caves, Containing 45,000 Square Metres Of Frescoes And 2,415 Stucco Statues. These Caves Were Created, Renovated And Maintained Continually With Devotion And Care From The 4Th Upto The 14Th Century. In This Volume We Have Provided An English Translation Of Selected Writings Of Prof. Duan Wenjie, Director Of The Dunhuang Academy Who Has Given A Chronological Study Of The Contents Inside The Mogao Caves With Several Decades Of Research Of The Dunhuang Academy Under His Command. Prof. Tan Chung, The Editor, Has Furnished An Illuminating Introduction, While Dr. Kapila Vatsyayan, The Driving Spirit Behind This Volume, Has Made Succinct Comments In Her Foreword . A Valuable Information On All The Mogao Caves Has Been Added. Colour And Black And White Photographs And Fine Sketches By Vineet Kumar Supplement The Text. The Indira Gandhi National Centre For The Arts Is Committed To Exploring All Dimensions Of Art. It Feels Privileged To Place Before Art Historians And Art Lovers Of The English-Speaking World First-Hand Information About His Unique Art Gallery Going Back To One-And-A-Half Millennia.
Covers the fundamental concepts and advanced modelling techniques of Doubly Fed Induction Generators accompanied by analyses and simulation results Filled with illustrations, problems, models, analyses, case studies, selected simulation and experimental results, Advanced Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Wind Power Systems provides the basic concepts for modelling and controlling of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) wind power systems and their power converters. It explores both the challenges and concerns of DFIG under a non-ideal grid and introduces the control strategies and effective operations performance options of DFIG under a non-ideal grid. Other topics of this book include thermal analysis of DFIG wind power converters under grid faults; implications of the DFIG test bench; advanced control of DFIG under harmonic distorted grid voltage, including multiple-loop and resonant control; modeling of DFIG and GSC under unbalanced grid voltage; the LFRT of DFIG, including the recurring faults ride through of DFIG; and more. In addition, this resource: Explores the challenges and concerns of Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) under non-ideal grid Discusses basic concepts of DFIG wind power system and vector control schemes of DFIG Introduces control strategies under a non-ideal grid Includes case studies and simulation and experimental results Advanced Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Wind Power Systems is an ideal book for graduate students studying renewable energy and power electronics as well as for research and development engineers working with wind power converters.
This book introduces Chinese language-processing issues and techniques to readers who already have a basic background in natural language processing (NLP). Since the major difference between Chinese and Western languages is at the word level, the book primarily focuses on Chinese morphological analysis and introduces the concept, structure, and interword semantics of Chinese words. The following topics are covered: a general introduction to Chinese NLP; Chinese characters, morphemes, and words and the characteristics of Chinese words that have to be considered in NLP applications; Chinese word segmentation; unknown word detection; word meaning and Chinese linguistic resources; interword semantics based on word collocation and NLP techniques for collocation extraction. Table of Contents: Introduction / Words in Chinese / Challenges in Chinese Morphological Processing / Chinese Word Segmentation / Unknown Word Identification / Word Meaning / Chinese Collocations / Automatic Chinese Collocation Extraction / Appendix / References / Author Biographies
The core of this book is the concept of huodegan (获得感), which refers to a sense of gain that includes perceived individual wellbeing and social development. Given that measuring sense of gain has become critical in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics and along with the social indicators movement in the last decade, building an index for evaluating sense of gain becomes critical. Apart from reviewing the existing index systems for social development and policy and the previous studies exploring the sense of gain, this book highlights the importance of combining Chinese socio-cultural features, established theories, and index systems.
Demon Resisting Master was a strange profession that was rarely known. In addition to the cultivation of mysterious spells, they had inherited the "Devil's Note" from generation to generation, which added a touch of mysteriousness to the profession: In the book, there were sealed all kinds of strange and bizarre demons and monsters, there were all kinds of women who could call the wind and summon the rain, and there were also eccentric and eccentric women who could bite their throats to preside. The ten ancient divine tools that had been lost for a hundred years, the mysterious quarrels between the Four Great Families, the Demon Master's ultimate mission was to catch all the demons in the atlas? Or could it be that there was an unspeakable secret behind it? Now, I will take you on a legendary path to behead demons and devils, and see how the employees will use demons to deal with humans and demons, and reach the pinnacle of life!
Machine learning algorithms allow computers to learn without being explicitly programmed. Their application is now spreading to highly sophisticated tasks across multiple domains, such as medical diagnostics or fully autonomous vehicles. While this development holds great potential, it also raises new safety concerns, as machine learning has many specificities that make its behaviour prediction and assessment very different from that for explicitly programmed software systems. This book addresses the main safety concerns with regard to machine learning, including its susceptibility to environmental noise and adversarial attacks. Such vulnerabilities have become a major roadblock to the deployment of machine learning in safety-critical applications. The book presents up-to-date techniques for adversarial attacks, which are used to assess the vulnerabilities of machine learning models; formal verification, which is used to determine if a trained machine learning model is free of vulnerabilities; and adversarial training, which is used to enhance the training process and reduce vulnerabilities. The book aims to improve readers’ awareness of the potential safety issues regarding machine learning models. In addition, it includes up-to-date techniques for dealing with these issues, equipping readers with not only technical knowledge but also hands-on practical skills.
The Atlas of Climate Change—Based on SEAP-CMIP5" is intended to satisfy readers’ curiosity: how will our climate system change over the next 100 years? It is the first showcase for the state-of -the-art earth system models that released their CMIP5 simulations for the IPCC AR5.The atlas focuses on both the past climate system change from 1850 and the projection of the future climate system change to 2100 using the RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios based on climate models. This provides the research and application community interested in the impact of climate change on fields such as agriculture, ecosystem, environment,water resources, energy, health, economy, risk governance and international negotiation, etc. with the newest climate change projection information. Additionally, the atlas will show the historical responsibility of the developed/developing countries and possible contributions to the mitigation of climate change according to their pledge of GHG emission reduction after the Cancun Agreement as an extension numerical experiment to CMIP5 with NCAR’s CESM1.0. The authors will update this atlas after future releases of CMIP5 model outputs and update the figures in the second edition of the atlas in 2012-2013. Both Prof. Wenjie Dong and Yan Guo work at the Beijing Normal University, China. Prof. Fumin Ren works at the China Meteorological Administration, China. Prof. Jianbin Huang works at the Tsinghua University, China.
This atlas and reference resource assembles the latest research findings on the responsibility and obligation of human society for historical climate change. It clearly and quantitatively estimates to what extent the developed and developing world are responsible for historical climate change with regard to anthropogenic carbon and sulfur emissions as well as global carbon trade, and so provides a potential tool to address the controversial issue of carbon emission reduction in international climate negotiations. Since the quantitative attribution of historical climate change is calculated based on CMIP5 models, the fidelity of these models in representing the observed climate change is also evaluated. In addition to evaluation, future climate change based on CMIP5 models is also shown both on global and regional scales (especially for China and its surrounding areas ) in terms of surface air temperature, precipitation, sea surface temperature, atmospheric circulations and Arctic Sea ice. The atlas also makes various comparisons among different multi-model ensemble methods in order to obtain the most reliable estimation.
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