This book is an abridged version of Feng Qi’s two major works on the history of philosophy, The Logical Development of Ancient Chinese Philosophy and The Revolutionary Course of Modern Chinese Philosophy. It is a comprehensive history of Chinese philosophy taking the reader from ancient times to the year 1949. It illuminates the characteristics of traditional Chinese philosophy from the broader vantage point of epistemology. The book revolves around important debates including those on “Heaven and humankind” (tian ren天人), “names and actualities” (mingshi名實), “principle and vital force” (liqi理氣), “the Way and visible things” (daoqi道器), “mind and matter/things” (xinwu心物), and “knowledge and action” (zhixing知行). Through discussion of these debates, the course of Chinese philosophy unfolds. Modern Chinese philosophy has made landmark achievements in the development of historical and epistemological theory, namely the “dynamic and revolutionary theory of reflection”. However, modern Chinese philosophy is yet to construct a systematic overview of logic and methodology, as well as questions of human freedom and ideals. Amid this discussion, the question of how contemporary China is to “take the baton” from the thinkers of the modern philosophical revolution is addressed.
This book reviews the historical evolution of U.S. monetary policy, and then uses various methods such as mathematical models and econometric analysis to study the impact of U.S. monetary policy adjustments on the domestic economy and the spillover effects on the world economy. Finally, it summarizes the challenges faced by the Chinese economy in the post financial crisis era and proposes relevant countermeasures and suggestions for China to respond to U.S. monetary policy adjustments.
As a new member of the helper T cell subsets, Th17 cells have triggered more and more interest in exploring their development, regulation, function and therapeutic manipulation in distinct context since they were identified in 2005. This also causes a lot of confusion and debate about the generation and function of Th17 cells, especially their activity in the tumor immunopathology as our understanding grows. However, it is worth asserting that the most confusing part arises from the Th17-associated cytokines including IL-17 and IL-23 rather than the Th17 cells. IL-17 cytokine is not synonymous with Th17-cell subset, although IL-17 is the lineage-signature cytokine for Th17 cells. We will discuss the generation, cytokine profile, genetic control, plasticity and stemness of Th17 cells and address the role of Th17 cells and their associated cytokines in tumor immunity, and further explore the potential immunotherapy by targeting Th17 cells and their cytokines.
Our biological system is enriched with enzyme-catalyzed (or enzymatic) reactions that mediate a great multitude of life processes such as gene transcription and metabolism, and the inappropriately up-regulated activity of these enzymatic reactions is a major cause of human diseases such as cancer and metabolic diseases. Therefore, the inhibitors of enzymatic reactions (generally called enzyme inhibitors) constitute a major class of therapeutic agents on the global drug market. One question would then be how to efficiently design enzyme inhibitors. This handbook is the first of its kind in the field, introducing to its readers in a single book the concepts whose exploitation has been demonstrated to be successful in efficiently furnishing effective active site-directed inhibitors for various enzymatic reactions. The book is organized by different concepts and for each concept there is a delineation of its mode of working and its applications with different types of enzymatic reactions. Active Site-directed Enzyme Inhibitors will help its readers to quickly and efficiently obtain effective active site-directed inhibitors for any of the enzymatic reactions under study without a need to resort to library screening- and biostructure-based techniques. This handbook is ideal as an immediate resource for researchers to consult or for students to supplement their study in medicinal chemistry and related courses.
Drawing on years of research experience and keen observations of the triumphs and problems in China’s cities, the authors provide a foundational understanding of China’s urbanization and cities that is grounded in history and geography and challenges readers to consider Chinese urbanization through multiple disciplinary and thematic lenses. This book is anchored in the spatial sciences, including geography, urban studies, urban planning, and environmental studies. It offers a comprehensive survey of the evolving urban landscape, covering such topics as history and patterns of urbanization, spatial and regional context, models of urban form, economic and social-spatial transformation, urbanism and cultural dynamics, housing and land development, environmental and infrastructure issues, poverty and inequality, and challenges of urban governance. The book highlights both parallels and substantive differences between China and comparable cities and countries elsewhere, given that some urban conditions around the world converge and point to shared catalysts (e.g. internal migration) and globally linked processes (e.g. climate change). It explores the consequences of the demographic, economic, social, and environmental transitions on cities and urban dwellers. Illustrated case studies in each chapter ground the discussion and introduce readers to the diversity of cities and urban life in China. Most chapters also can be used as stand-alone course materials, with suggested references for further reading. Intended for a wide audience in higher education and beyond, this book will be useful to readers interested in Chinese Studies, East Asian Studies, Urban Studies, Urban Geography, or Urban Planning.
Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructured Materials: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications presents the latest fabrication, properties, and applications of hierarchical micro/nanostructured materials in two sections—powders and arrays. After a general introduction to hierarchical micro/nanostructured materials, the first section begins with a detailed discussion of the methods of mass production for hierarchical micro/nanostructured powders, including structure-directed solvothermal routes, template-etching strategies, and electrospinning technologies. It then proceeds to address structurally enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic performances. The second section describes strategies for the fabrication of hierarchical micro/nanostructured object arrays and their devices, such as modified colloidal lithographies-based solution and electrodeposition. It also examines the structure-dependent properties and performances of the micro/nanostructured arrays, including surface wettability, optical properties, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effects, and gas-sensing performances. In its cutting-edge coverage, Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructured Materials: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications explores the use of hierarchical micro/nanostructured materials in environmental remediation and detection devices, commenting on future trends and applications in catalysis, integrated nanophotonics, optical devices, super-high density storage media, sensors, nanobiotechnology, SERS substrates, and more.
This book states that the major aim audience are people who have some familiarity with Internet of things (IoT) but interested to get a comprehensive interpretation of the role of deep Learning in maintaining the security and privacy of IoT. A reader should be friendly with Python and the basics of machine learning and deep learning. Interpretation of statistics and probability theory will be a plus but is not certainly vital for identifying most of the book's material.
This book explores how social trust impacts the Chinese economy. Due to the profound social changes brought by rapid urbanization, China's traditional social trust system gradually weakens. How to rebuild and enhance social credit remains as a key and difficult project. Exploring case studies from the real estate market, private banking, and urban financing, this book explores the value of informal social links to the economic functions of a society and how to rebuild them when they erode. This is of interest to scholars of China's economy and society.
Mercury (Hg) is one of the most toxic heavy metals, harmful to both the environment and human health. Hg is released into the atmosphere from natural and anthropogenic sources and its emission control has caused much concern. This book introduces readers to Hg pollution from natural and anthropogenic sources and systematically describes coal-fired flue gas mercury emission control in industry, especially from coal-fired power stations. Mercury emission control theory and experimental research are demonstrated, including how elemental mercury is oxidized into oxidized mercury and the effect of flue gas contents on the mercury speciation transformation process. Mercury emission control methods, such as existing APCDs (air pollution control devices) at power stations, sorbent injection, additives in coal combustion and photo-catalytic methods are introduced in detail. Lab-scale, pilot-scale and full-scale experimental studies of sorbent injection conducted by the authors are presented systematically, helping researchers and engineers to understand how this approach reduces the mercury emissions in flue gas and to apply the methods in mercury emission control at coal-fired power stations. Readers will arrive at a comprehensive understanding of various mercury emission control methods that are suitable for industrial applications. The book is intended for scientists, researchers, engineers and graduate students in the fields of energy science and technology, environmental science and technology and chemical engineering.
First published in 1999, this volume assessed the economic situation of Shenzhen in Guangdong Province, China, including its trade connections with Hong Kong and foreign investments in the area. Designated as one of four Special Economic Zones (SEZ) as part of China’s domestic economic reform in 1979, Weiping Wu examines Shenzhen’s economic situation in the context of Hong Kong’s transition just two years prior to publication in 1997. Wu explores the developments in Shenzhen in local policy, labor costs, export performance, domestic linkages and complementarity with Hong Kong as a result of Hong Kong’s closer connection with the Shenzhen trade area. Shenzhen’s suitability can then be assessed in its role as an SEZ to experiment with and digest western technology and management techniques for inland China and as a buffer between China and the wider world.
This volumes provides a comprehensive review of interactions between differential geometry and theoretical physics, contributed by many leading scholars in these fields. The contributions promise to play an important role in promoting the developments in these exciting areas. Besides the plenary talks, the coverage includes: models and related topics in statistical physics; quantum fields, strings and M-theory; Yang-Mills fields, knot theory and related topics; K-theory, including index theory and non-commutative geometry; mirror symmetry, conformal and topological quantum field theory; development of integrable systems; and random matrix theory. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Yangian and Applications (787 KB). Contents: Yangian and Applications (C-M Bai et al.); The Hypoelliptic Laplacian and the ChernOCoGaussOCoBonnet (J-M Bismut); S S Chern and ChernOCoSimos Terms (R Jackiw); Localization and Conjectures from String Duality (K F Liu); Topologization of Electron Liquids with ChernOCoSimons Theory and Quantum Computation (Z H Wang); Topology and Quantum Information (L H Kauffman); Toeplitz Quantization and Symplectic Reduction (X N Ma & W P Zhang); Murphy Operators in Knot Theory (H R Morton); Separation Between Spin and Charge in SU(2) YangOCoMills Theory (A J Niemi); LAwner Equations and Dispersionless Hierarchies (K Takasaki & T Takebe); and other papers. Readership: Graduate students and professional researchers in geometry and physics.
Drawn from the acclaimed New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, the articles in this concise new reference book provide a complete survey of the poetic history and practice in every major national literature or cultural tradition in the world. As with the parent volume, which has sold over 10,000 copies since it was first published in 1993, the intended audience is general readers, journalists, students, teachers, and researchers. The editor's principle of selection was balance, and his goal was to embrace in a structured and reasoned way the diversity of poetry as it is known across the globe today. In compiling material on 106 cultures in 92 national literatures, the book gives full coverage to Indo-European poetries (all the major Celtic, Slavic, Germanic, and Romance languages, as well as other obscure ones such as Hittite), the ancient middle Eastern poetries (Hebrew, Persian, Sumerian, and Assyro-Babylonian), subcontinental Indian poetries (the widest linguistic diversity), Asian and Pacific poetries (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Mongolian, and half a dozen others), continental American poetries (all the modern Western cultures and native Indian in North, Central, and South American regions), and African poetries (ancient and emergent, oral and written).
This book offers an in-depth analysis of China’s contemporary securities markets regulatory system, with a focus on regulation in practice. Examining the roles of both the China Securities Regulatory Commission and local governments, He argues that the government has built and developed markets from scratch to address the needs of the state and the economy at large. This book describes the workings of national and sub-national securities markets, and such a comprehensive approach gives insight into the ability of state regulation to guide a financial system. This book also provides a unique practical perspective, explaining of the dynamics of regulation in relation to the operation of the Chinese political system. Finally, it incorporates original empirical studies, including semi-structured interviews of professionals and a survey of retail investors. This book is an unparalleled resource for anyone interested in the regulation of securities markets, as well as finance in China in general.
The volume is focused on the basic calculation skills of various knot invariants defined from topology and geometry. It presents the detailed Hecke algebra and braid representation to illustrate the original Jones polynomial (rather than the algebraic formal definition many other books and research articles use) and provides self-contained proofs of the Tait conjecture (one of the big achievements from the Jones invariant). It also presents explicit computations to the Casson-Lin invariant via braid representations.With the approach of an explicit computational point of view on knot invariants, this user-friendly volume will benefit readers to easily understand low-dimensional topology from examples and computations, rather than only knowing terminologies and theorems.
This book focuses on target tracking and information fusion with random finite sets. Both principles and implementations have been addressed, with more weight placed on engineering implementations. This is achieved by providing in-depth study on a number of major topics such as the probability hypothesis density (PHD), cardinalized PHD, multi-Bernoulli (MB), labeled MB (LMB), d-generalized LMB (d-GLMB), marginalized d-GLMB, together with their Gaussian mixture and sequential Monte Carlo implementations. Five extended applications are covered, which are maneuvering target tracking, target tracking for Doppler radars, track-before-detect for dim targets, target tracking with non-standard measurements, and target tracking with multiple distributed sensors. The comprehensive and systematic summarization in target tracking with RFSs is one of the major features of the book, which is particularly suited for readers who are interested to learn solutions in target tracking with RFSs. The book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of random finite sets, target tracking, sensor fusion/data fusion/information fusion, etc.
Weiping Liu contends that the impacts of learning environments on Chinese only children must be studied from a bioecological systems perspective by considering the direct and joint effects of learning environments and personality within the macro-environments of culture, public policy etc. Samples were chosen randomly from the 1980s and 1990s Chinese only children (N=2105) ranging from junior high, senior high and college students in east, middle and west China. With data analyses such as exploratory factor analysis, hierarchical multiple regression analysis, MANOVA and ANOVA, hypotheses formulated on these research purposes were tested to be true, especially, in terms of desirable learning outcomes. The author also provided practical and theoretical discussions.
Since bioavailability can alter health risk estimates by a factor of 10, 100 or more, its importance in risk assessment cannot be underestimated. Presenting the basic principles that govern bioavailability and how it is measured, this very unique and timely book fills a void in the existing literature on toxicology and toxicokinetics. It contains clear and concise discussions on the behavior of environmental contaminants and how they reach the bloodstream in living organisms. It also presents an exhaustive review of measured bioavailability factors for environmental contaminants most frequently encountered at contaminated sites.
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.