Winner of the Arthur Viseltear Award for Outstanding Book in the History of Public Health from the American Public Health AssociationSelected by Choice Magazine as an Outstanding Academic Title During the twentieth century, lead poisoning killed thousands of workers and children in the United States. Thousands who survived lead poisoning were left physically crippled or were robbed of mental faculties and years of life. In Brush with Death, social historian Christian Warren offers the first comprehensive history of lead poisoning in the United States. Focusing on lead paint and leaded gasoline, Warren distinguishes three primary modes of exposure—occupational, pediatric, and environmental. This threefold perspective permits a nuanced exploration of the regulatory mechanisms, medical technologies, and epidemiological tools that arose in response to lead poisoning. Today, many children undergo aggressive "deleading" treatments when their blood-lead levels are well below the average blood-lead levels found in urban children in the 1950s. Warren links the repeated redefinition of lead poisoning to changing attitudes toward health, safety, and risk. The same changes that transformed the social construction of lead poisoning also transformed medicine and health care, giving rise to modern environmentalism and fundamentally altered jurisprudence.
•17 all-new hikes •More than half the color photos are new •All hikes completely reviewed and re-checked 100 Classic Hikes: Arizona, 4th Edition, is the newest update in the popular Classic Hikes series of full-color coffee-table-quality hiking guidebooks. This informative and easy-to-use guide is also so beautifully produced, it makes a terrific gift for an outdoor enthusiast, visitor, or new neighbor in Arizona. Previous editions of this guidebook have been very popular, and readers on Goodreads.com give it four stars. All hikes have been vetted by public lands.
Mary Anne Warren explores a theoretical question which lies at the heart of practical ethics: what are the criteria for having moral status? In other words, what are the criteria for being an entity towards which people have moral obligations? Some philosophers maintain that there is one intrinsic property—for instance, life, sentience, humanity, or moral agency. Others believe that relational properties, such as belonging to a human community, are more important. In Part I of the book, Warren argues that no single property can serve as the sole criterion for moral status; instead, life, sentience, moral agency, and social and biotic relationships are all relevant, each in a different way. She presents seven basic principles, each focusing on a property that can, in combination with others, legitimately affect an agent's moral obligations towards entities of a given type. In Part II, these principles are applied in an examination of three controversial ethical issues: voluntary euthanasia, abortion
What is the source of logical and mathematical truth? This volume revitalizes conventionalism as an answer to this question. Conventionalism takes logical and mathematical truth to have their source in linguistic conventions. This was an extremely popular view in the early 20th century, but it was never worked out in detail and is now almost universally rejected in mainstream philosophical circles. In Shadows of Syntax, Jared Warren offers the first book-length treatment and defense of a combined conventionalist theory of logic and mathematics. He argues that our conventions, in the form of syntactic rules of language use, are perfectly suited to explain the truth, necessity, and a priority of logical and mathematical claims. In Part I, Warren explains exactly what conventionalism amounts to and what linguistic conventions are. Part II develops an unrestricted inferentialist theory of the meanings of logical constants that leads to logical conventionalism. This conventionalist theory is elaborated in discussions of logical pluralism, the epistemology of logic, and of the influential objections that led to the historical demise of conventionalism. Part III aims to extend conventionalism from logic to mathematics. Unlike logic, mathematics involves both ontological commitments and a rich notion of truth that cannot be generated by any algorithmic process. To address these issues Warren develops conventionalist-friendly but independently plausible theories of both metaontology and mathematical truth. Finally, Part IV steps back to address big picture worries and meta-worries about conventionalism. This book develops and defends a unified theory of logic and mathematics according to which logical and mathematical truths are reflections of our linguistic rules, mere shadows of syntax.
If humans are purely physical, and if it is the brain that does the work formerly assigned to the mind or soul, then how can it fail to be the case that all of our thoughts and actions are determined by the laws of neurobiology? If this is the case, then free will, moral responsibility, and, indeed, reason itself would appear to be in jeopardy. Nancey Murphy and Warren S. Brown here defend a non-reductive version of physicalism whereby humans are (sometimes) the authors of their own thoughts and actions. Did My Neurons Make Me Do It? brings together insights from both philosophy and the cognitive neurosciences to defeat neurobiological reductionism. One resource is a 'post-Cartesian' account of mind as essentially embodied and constituted by action-feedback-evaluation-action loops in the environment, and 'scaffolded' by cultural resources. Another is a non-mysterious account of downward (mental) causation explained in terms of a complex, higher-order system exercising constraints on lower-level causal processes. These resources are intrinsically related: the embeddedness of brain events in action-feedback loops is the key to their mentality, and those broader systems have causal effects on the brain itself. With these resources Murphy and Brown take on two problems in philosophy of mind: a response to the charges that physicalists cannot account for the meaningfulness of language nor the causal efficacy of the mental qua mental. Solutions to these problems are a prerequisite to addressing the central problem of the book: how can biological organisms be free and morally responsible? The authors argue that the free-will problem is badly framed if it is put in terms of neurobiological determinism; the real issue is neurobiological reductionism. If it is indeed possible to make sense of the notion of downward causation, then the relevant question is whether humans exert downward causation over some of their own parts and processes. If all organisms do this to some extent, what needs to be added to this animalian flexibility to constitute free and responsible action? The keys are sophisticated language and hierarchically ordered cognitive processes allowing (mature) humans to evaluate their own actions, motives, goals, and rational and moral principles.
The study of wisdom is challenging and thought provoking. This volume sheds light on the age-old question: What is wisdom and where does it come from? Evidence of wisdom can be seen in both perception and performance, in sacred scriptures and in brain images. An eminent group of scholars from fields as diverse as theology, philosophy, medicine, biology, psychology, and linguistics were brought together to bring focus to this understudied area of scientific research. Editor Warren Brown presents his research on brain functioning, drawn from observing individuals with damage to specific neural areas, to suggest the importance of integration between hemispheres of the brain to comprehend complex situations in a way that may be termed “wise.” Diana Van Lancker also looks at hemispheres of the brain and explores studies that show that left brain functioning is related to prayers, chants, and sayings often used in religious practice. Wolfgang Mieder, recognized as the foremost scholar in the study of proverbs, explores the secular use of the biblical proverb of “A house divided against itself cannot stand” (Matt. 12:25). R. E. Clements also looks to the book of Proverbs and focuses on its ultimate goal: virtue and wholeness.
Corporate governance continues to evolve, especially in a South African context where companies must deal with the combined effects of environmental challenges, socio-political uncertainty and impediments to economic growth. The second edition of Corporate Governance in South Africa contains essential details on the principles and practices of good governance outlined in the first edition. It builds on these concepts by covering the latest developments in the sustainability reporting space, incorporating recent research findings on integrated thinking and clarifying the core features of outcomes-based governance. This book demonstrates to governing bodies, users of corporate reports, practitioners and academics how corporate governance is not just a compliance exercise but something central to the generation of superior financial returns and long-term sustainable development.
This volume clarifies in a logical and didactic manner the sequence of events that characterize the human menstrual cycle. Each major organ involved in the cycle, the brain, the pituitary gland, the ovary, and the uterus is discussed and its contribution specifically outlined. The chapters trace the physiologic events within each of these organs, describe the hormones by which they communicate, and outline how critical aspects of the cycle are synchronized so that an ovulatory cycle can occur. Thus neuroendocrine control of the menstrual cycle is examined in detail, and the processes of follicular development, maturation, ovulation, and maintenance of the corpus luteum are thoroughly covered. The book then turns to pathophysiology and examines the conditions under which the menstrual cycle may become abnormal. Pathophysiological mechanisms that cause cycle disturbance, anovulation, and infertility are reviewed, as are clinical presentations of common menstrual disorders and their treatment. Progress in reproductive biology has been rapid, and the research spans several disciplines. In this volume information dispersed in many publications has been synthesized and concisely presented, providing an in-depth understanding of the processes that control reproductive function in the female.
The 20th century was the century of explosive population growth, resulting in unprecedented impacts; in contrast, the 21st century is likely to see the end of world population growth and become the century of population aging. We are currently at the crossroads of these demographic regimes. This book presents fresh evidence about our demographic future and provides a new framework for understanding the underlying unity in this diversity. It is an invaluable resource for those concerned with the implications of population change in the 21st century. The End of World Population Growth in the 21st Century is the first volume in a new series on Population and Sustainable Development. The series provides fresh ways of thinking about population trends and impacts.
A story that includes spiritualist seances, conspiracy, and an important church trial, Wayward Saints chronicles the 1870s challenge of a group of British Mormon intellectuals to Brigham Young's leadership and authority. William S. Godbe and his associates revolted because they disliked Young's authoritarian community and resented what they perceived as the church's intrusion into matters of personal choice. Expelled from the church, they established the New Movement, which eventually faltered. Both a study in intellectual history and an investigation of religious dissent, Wayward Saints explores nineteenth-century American spiritualism as well as the ideas and institutional structure of first- and second-generation Mormonism.
Warren W. Wooden's pioneering studies of early examples of children's literature throw new light on many accepted works of the English Renaissance period. In consequence, they appear more complex, significant, and successful than hitherto realized. In these nine essays, Wooden traces the roots of English children's literature in the Renaissance beginning with the first printed books of Caxton and ranging through the work of John Bunyan. Wooden examines a number of works and authors from this period of two centuries -- some from the standard canon, others obscure or neglected -- while addressing questions about the early development of children's literature.
A 21st Century re-examination of the most-read book to emerge from the Western Hemisphere, the Book of Mormon. As Mormonism grows into a world faith, the veracity of its founding scripture has never been more important. The three decades of Arabian exploration reported in Lehi and Sariah in Arabia identifies specific locations for the 8 year journey described in the text, allowing Nephi's account to emerge with new clarity and enhanced plausibility.
Pearce & Stevens' Trusts and Equitable Obligations provides students with a detailed and stimulating account of the law of equity and trusts. The authors' clear and authoritative writing illuminates the law and its practical application.
Publishing to coincide with the Tour de Yorkshire, a new race introduced on the back of the success of the 2015 Tour de France starting race, this is the second title in a series of eight UK regional Cycling Climbs guides. With revised and revisited routes from bestselling cycling guides 100 Greatest Cycling Climbs and Another 100 Greatest Cycling Climbs, as well as over 50% new material, Simon Warren uncovers 60 of the best cycling climbs in Yorkshire. Selected as the starting point of the 2015 Tour de France, Yorkshire indeed offers some of the most challenging cycling climbs in Britain. From the cobbled streets above Halifax, through the winding wilderness of the Moors and out onto the far-reaching plains of the Dales, there are a multitude of picturesque routes ready for all cycling enthusiasts to enjoy. With a careful dissection of each climb alongside tips and pointers for all abilities, Simon Warren once again offers expert advice on conquering the most challenging of hills.
Treatment of Skin Disease: Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategies has been thoroughly revised to give you the latest treatment options for dermatologic conditions. Mark G. Lebwohl, Warren R. Heymann, John Berth-Jones, and Ian Coulson present an intuitive and easy-to-use, definitive treatment reference that covers the full range of choices for each condition so that you are prepared even when your patients do not respond to primary or secondary therapies. With new chapters on today’s hot topics-methocillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, atypical nevi, autoimmune progesterone dermatitis, and more-and new contributions from international experts, you’ll have a global and current perspective on therapeutic options. Offer your patients the full range of choices and be prepared when your patients do not respond to primary or secondary therapies. Offers guidance for even the most difficult clinical problems by including third and fourth line therapies, as well as standard treatments, so you have options to try when all else fails. Features a summary of each treatment strategy along with detailed discussions of treatment choices so that you can apply the in-depth knowledge of the authors and editors. Presents each chapter in a tabular format, with checklists of diagnostic and investigative pearls and color-coded boxed text, for quick at-a-glance summaries of key details. Includes a full-color clinical photograph of each disease to help you diagnose more effectively. Includes access to the full text, Gold Standard drug database, and all the images online-fully searchable-at expertconsult.com. Covers new and more commonly presenting disorders in 12 new chapters on today’s hot topics, such as methocillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, atypical nevi, autoimmune progesterone dermatitis, and more. Presents up-to-date evidence and the latest treatments to keep you on the cutting edge of practice. Describes global best practice on the treatment of key disorders through new contributions from international experts.
Education is generally supposed to help learners to develop new capacities and to be able to apply them in work and life - yet we still know very little about how to build useful capacities. This book investigates nine research projects, exploring why particular capacities are successful in some situations but not in others.
Australia's unique biodiversity is under threat from a rapidly changing climate. The effects of climate change are already discernible at all levels of biodiversity - genes, species, communities and ecosystems. Many of Australia's most valued and iconic natural areas - the Great Barrier Reef, south-western Australia, the Kakadu wetlands and the Australian Alps - are among the most vulnerable. But much more is at stake than saving iconic species or ecosystems. Australia's biodiversity is fundamental to the country's national identity, economy and quality of life. In the face of uncertainty about specific climate scenarios, ecological and management principles provide a sound basis for maximising opportunities for species to adapt, communities to reorganise and ecosystems to transform while maintaining basic functions critical to human society. This innovative approach to biodiversity conservation under a changing climate leads to new challenges for management, policy development and institutional design. This book explores these challenges, building on a detailed analysis of the interactions between a changing climate and Australia's rich but threatened biodiversity. Australia's Biodiversity and Climate Change is an important reference for policy makers, researchers, educators, students, journalists, environmental and conservation NGOs, NRM managers, and private landholders with an interest in biodiversity conservation in a rapidly changing world."--Publisher.
Through ten research projects, this book explores the topic of educational learning and development in order to examine issues that are impacting, either positively or negatively, on current research in this area. The authors explore the capacity building potential of the projects and what factors impacted on or assisted their development.
The Law of Trusts and Equitable Obligations provides students wtih a detailed and stimulating account of the law of equity and trusts. The fifth edition has been thoroughly updated by Warren Barr, senior lecturer at the University of Liverpool and Law Teacher of the Year 2006 in collaboration with Robert Pearce and John Stevens.
This book considers how principles derived from a theory of human behaviour - Perceptual Control Theory - can be applied to create mental health services that are more effective, efficient, and humane. Authored by clinicians, academics, and experts-by-experience, the text explores the way Perceptual Control Theory (PCT) principles can be applied within the secondary mental healthcare system – from the overall commissioning and design of services to the practice of individual clinicians. A range of topics relevant to the delivery of secondary mental healthcare are covered, including community and inpatient working, the delivery of individual psychological therapy, the use of restrictive practices, and working with relatives and carers. The book concludes by describing PCT’s unique contribution to the field of mental healthcare. The book, one of the first of its kind, will be of interest to students and practitioners from a range of health and social care backgrounds, as well as service managers, commissioners, academics, and policy makers. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.
The new third edition of Pediatric Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disorders provides a modern clinical approach to managing stroke and other cerebrovascular problems in infants, children, and adolescents. Incorporating data from important clinical trials and case series, recommendations from the American Heart Association evidence-based paper on the management of pediatric stroke, and the latest information on new diagnostic techniques, the book offers a comprehensive analysis of the current thinking and practice by three physicians who have vast clinical experience in this challenging field. The third edition of this classic work has been completely updated and rewritten to reflect current science and practice. Covering occurrence, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment, this integrated state-of-the-art text is essential reading for anyone involved in the care of children with suspected stroke or other cerebrovascular abnormalities. The third edition of this classic work has been completely updated and rewritten to reflect current science and practice. An extensive, entirely new chapter on treatment provides specific guidance on when to use antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and thrombolytic agents in children and also includes a section on neurorehabilitation after stroke. An expanded and thoroughly updated diagnostic approach chapter covers the latest applications in stroke imaging such as computed tomography angiography, diffusion weighted MRI, and perfusion CT. The first chapter stresses the etiology and pathophysiology of childhood stroke as the basis for evaluations and treatment. Features of Pediatric Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disorders, Third Edition Include: Comprehensive in scope: detailed analysis of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebrovascular disorders in children with many evidence-based management guidelines The third edition has been updated to include recommendations from the AHA consensus guidelines All chapters in the third edition have been revised and updated An extensive, entirely new chapter on treatment provides specific guidance on when to use antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and thrombolytic agents in children Stresses the etiology and pathophysiology of childhood stroke as the basis for evaluation and treatment Maintains the practical, clinical flavor established in previous editions, with numerous illustrations and useful suggestions for patient care Written by internationally known stroke experts: Dr. Roach chaired the AHA panel that produced the consensus guidelines on childhood stroke and Drs. Lo and Heyer have published extensively on stroke and related topics
Rev. ed. of: Pediatric cerebrovascular disorders / E.S. Roach, Anthony R. Riela; with a foreword by Roger N. Rosenberg; chapters by Susan T. Iannaccone and Jeffrey Perlman. 1995. 2nd ed.
This guide features the best trails through Arizona's diverse terrain, from conifer forests to cacti-covered deserts. Includes trails for every skill and energy level. Includes maps, photos, distance and more.
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