The exponential growth of electronic usage in global commercial transactions has generated potential opportunities in productivity, facilitated the cross-border free movement of goods and service, and stimulated export and import trade as well as domestic sale, but at the same time, it has led to new challenges to existing laws due to the unique characteristics and complexities of online technology, culture and social behaviours. This book compares the legislative frameworks of e-commerce in the EU, US, China and International Organisations. It highlights and analyses the main legal obstacles to the establishment of trust and confidence in doing business online. It provides an in-depth research into finding solutions to remove the barriers to the validity of electronic contracts and signatures, the enforceability of data privacy protection, the determination of Internet jurisdiction and choice of law, as well as the promotion of online dispute resolution. It encourages modernisation and harmonisation of laws concerning electronic commercial transactions through well-balanced area-specific international instruments. Law of Electronic Commercial Transactions will be of great interest to academics, legislative organisations, practitioners and lawyers in the field of international commerce.
Innovative initiatives for online arbitration are needed to aid in resolving cross-border commercial and consumer disputes in the EU, UK, US and China. This book provides a comparative study of online dispute resolution (ODR) systems and a model of best practices, taking into consideration the features and characteristics of various practical experiences/examples of ODR services and technological development for ODR systems and platforms. The book begins with a theoretical approach, looking into the challenges in the use of online arbitration in commercial transactions and analysing the potential adoption of technology-assisted arbitration (e.g. Basic ODR systems and Intelligent/Advanced ODR systems) in resolving certain types of international commercial and consumer disputes. It then investigates the legal obstacles to adopting ODR by examining the compatibility of technology with current legislation and regulatory development. Finally, it suggests appropriate legal and technological measures to promote the recognition of ODR, in particular online arbitration, for cross-border commercial and consumer disputes. By exploring both the theoretical framework and the practical considerations of online arbitration, this book will be a vital reference for lawyers, policy-makers, government officials, industry professionals and academics who are involved with online arbitration.
The adoption of electronic commercial transactions has facilitated cross-border trade and business, but the complexity of determining the place of business and other connecting factors in cyberspace has challenged existing private international law. This comparison of the rules of internet jurisdiction and choice of law as well as online dispute resolution (ODR) covers both B2B and B2C contracts in the EU, USA and China. It highlights the achievement of the Rome I Regulation in the EU, evaluates the merits of the Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreement at the international level and gives an insight into the current developments in CIDIP. The in-depth research allows for solutions to be proposed relating to the problems of the legal uncertainty of internet conflict of law and the validity and enforceability of ODR agreements and decisions.
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