Scattered like dots rising from the deep across vast expanses of the world’s tropical and subtropical oceans, atolls with their turquoise lagoons and reefs teeming with colorful marine life have captured the public imagination. They have also been the homeland of millions of people for millennia as various groups of migrants spread across the far reaches if the Pacific, Indian and Western Atlantic regions. Developed from recently available satellite data, A Global Atlas of Atolls presents high-quality details of 476 atolls across the globe, characterizing aspects of the atoll rim, the lagoon, and their coral reef communities in unprecedented detail. In synthesizing and enhancing understanding of these unique seascapes, this volume provides a distinct compendium of descriptions and images, as well as documentation of the environmental conditions of winds, waves, and tides and a summary of the background literature for each atoll area. There is no comparable work. After an introduction that includes a glossary of terms, each atoll is documented in the form of an atlas written for scientists, but accessible to any diver or reader interested in these spectacular reef-island habitats. This book also describes some current challenges and perspectives on their future. It will be useful as a reference work for marine scientists, while providing a minimum of technical jargon for those who are not scientists, but who enjoy reading about exotic places with unusual attributes.
This volume provides an accessible scientific introduction to the historical geography of Tropical Pacific Islands, assessing the environmental and cultural changes they have undergone and how they are affected currently by these shifts and alterations. The book emphasizes the roles of plants, animals, people, and the environment in shaping the tropical Pacific through a cross-disciplinary approach involving history, geography, biology, environmental science, and anthropology. With these diverse scientific perspectives, the eight chapters of the book provide a comprehensive overview of Tropical Pacific Islands from their initial colonization by native peoples to their occupation by colonial powers, and the contemporary changes that have affected the natural history and social fabric of these islands. The Tropical Pacific Islands are introduced by a description of their geological formation, development, and geography. From there, the book details the origins of the island's original peoples and the dawn of the political economy of these islands, including the domestication and trade of plants, animals, and other natural resources. Next, readers will learn about the impact of missionaries on Pacific Islands, and the affects of Wold War II and nuclear testing on natural resources and the health of its people. The final chapter discusses the islands in the context of natural resource extraction, population increases, and global climate change. Working together these factors are shown to affect rainfall and limited water resources, as well as the ability to sustain traditional crops, and the capacity of the islands to accomodate its residents.
Reefs provide a wealth of opportunity for learning about biological and ecosystem processes, and reef biology courses are among the most popular in marine biology and zoology departments the world over. Walter M. Goldberg has taught one such course for years, and he marshals that experience in the pages of The Biology of Reefs and Reef Organisms. Goldberg examines the nature not only of coral reefs—the best known among types of reefs—but also of sponge reefs, worm reefs, and oyster reefs, explaining the factors that influence their growth, distribution, and structure. A central focus of the book is reef construction, and Goldberg details the plants and animals that form the scaffold of the reef system and allow for the attachment and growth of other organisms, including those that function as bafflers, binders, and cementing agents. He also tours readers through reef ecology, paleontology, and biogeography, all of which serve as background for the problems reefs face today and the challenge of their conservation. Visually impressive, profusely illustrated, and easy to read, The Biology of Reefs and Reef Organisms offers a fascinating introduction to reef science and will appeal to students and instructors of marine biology, comparative zoology, and oceanography.
The Fifth International Conference on General Inequalities was held from May 4 to May 10, 1986, at the Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach (Black Forest, Germany). The organizing committee consisted of W.N. Everitt (Birmingham), L. Losonczi (Debrecen) and W. Walter (Karlsruhe). Dr. A. Kovacec served efficiently an'd enthusiastically as secretary to the con ference. The meeting was attended by 50 participants from 16 countries. In his opening address, W. Walter had to report on the death of five colleagues who had been active in the area of inequali ties and who had served the mathematical community: P.R. Beesack, G. Polya, D.K. Ross, R. Bellman, G. Szegö. He made special mention of G. Polya, who had been the last surviving author of the book InequaZities (Cambridge University Press, 1934), who died at the age of 97 years and whose many and manifold contributions to mathematics will be recorded elsewhere, in due course. Inequalities continue to play an important and significant role in nearly all areas of mathematics. The interests of the participants to this conference reflected the many different fields in which both classical and modern inequalities continue to influence developments in mathematics. In addition to the established fields, the lectures clearly indicated the importance of inequalities in functional analysis, eigenvalue theory, con vexi ty., number theory, approximation theory, probability theory, mathematical prograrnrning and economics.
The sixthInternational Conference on General Inequalities was held from Dec. 9 to Dec. 15, 1990, at the Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach (Black Fa rest, Germany). The organizing committee was composed of W.N. Everitt (Birm ingham), L. Losonczi (Debrecen) and W. Walter (Karlsruhe). Dr. A. Kovacec ( Coimbra) served cheerfully and efficiently as secretary of the meeting. The con ference was attended by 44 participants from 20 countries. Yet again the importance of inequalities in both pure and applied mathematics was made evident from the wide range of interests of the individual participants, and from the wealth of new results announced. New inequalities were presented in the usual spread of the subject areas now expected for these meetings: Classical and functional analysis, existence and boundary value problems for both ordinary and partial differential equations, with special contributions to computer science, quantum holography and error analysis. More strongly than ever, the role played by modern electronic computers was made clear in testing out and prohing into the validity and structure of certain inequalities. Here the computer acts not only for numerical calculations of great complexity, but also in symbolic manipulation of complex finite structures. Prob lems in inequalities which even a few years ago were intractable, now fall to solution or receive direct and positive guidance as a result of computer applications. The interface between finite and infinite structures in mathematics and the versatility of modern computers is weil developed in the subject of general inequalities.
Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts, which has appeared in semi-annual volumes since 1969, is devoted to the recording, summarizing and indexing of astronomical publications throughout the world. According to a resolution adopted at the 14th General Assembly in 1970 it is prepared under the aus pices of the International Astronomical Union. Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts aims to present a comprehensive doc umentation in all fields of astronomy and astrophysics. It is due to the ever lasting increase of the bulk of material that the information content of our regular volumes is growing seriously. Therefore, the need for detailed index informations allowing the performance of retrospective literature searches be comes more and more important. Volume 23/24-the second General Index of Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts - contains author and subject indexes to volumes II -14 and, respectively, 17-22. Thus, the astronomical and astrophysical literature of the whole five-year period 197 4 -1978 is cov ered by this volume. It is a pleasure to express our gratitude to Ms. Helga Ballmann, Ms. Monika Betz, Mr. Gernot Burkhardt, Ms. Lore Kiefert, Ms. Dagmar Roeder, Ms. Dimitra Roussou, and Mr. Werner Sanns for their kind support during the detailed preparation steps of the indexes.
Reefs provide a wealth of opportunity for learning about biological and ecosystem processes, and reef biology courses are among the most popular in marine biology and zoology departments the world over. Walter M. Goldberg has taught one such course for years, and he marshals that experience in the pages of The Biology of Reefs and Reef Organisms. Goldberg examines the nature not only of coral reefs—the best known among types of reefs—but also of sponge reefs, worm reefs, and oyster reefs, explaining the factors that influence their growth, distribution, and structure. A central focus of the book is reef construction, and Goldberg details the plants and animals that form the scaffold of the reef system and allow for the attachment and growth of other organisms, including those that function as bafflers, binders, and cementing agents. He also tours readers through reef ecology, paleontology, and biogeography, all of which serve as background for the problems reefs face today and the challenge of their conservation. Visually impressive, profusely illustrated, and easy to read, The Biology of Reefs and Reef Organisms offers a fascinating introduction to reef science and will appeal to students and instructors of marine biology, comparative zoology, and oceanography.
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