Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2022-520/ A Nordic project identified and measured residues of chemical additives in polyurethane (PUR) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Measurements were done in new plastic, and in plastic weathered for four months in Samnangerfjorden near Bergen. Targeted chemical analysis with GC-Orbitrap was performed for identification and GC-MS analysis for quantification. Four plasticizers were detected in PUR and three in PVC, before and after weathering: Dibutyl adipate, N-butylbenzenesulphonamide (only in PUR), dibutyl phthalate, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). Maximum concentrations were approx. 1000 ng/g plastic. Also triphenyl phosphite and octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate were identified. Risk quotients for copepods, cod and fulmar showed low risk. Additionally, non-target screening with GC-Orbitrap identified sixteen chemicals, of which two had hazard classifications.
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2023-526/ Negotiations have started for an international treaty to solve the global problem of plastic pollution. This agreement and other actions need reliable measurements. It was the objective of this project to analyze and recommend indicators for plastic pollution, which are relevant, easy to measure and comprehensive. Most losses to the environment are larger plastic items, which eventually break down to microplastics. Mismanaged waste is an important source of plastic pollution, but difficult to measure. A set of complementary indicators could include plastic production/use, recycling rates, plastics in wastewater and rivers, beach litter, floating microplastics and plastic particles that are taken up by animals, e.g. seabirds. A holistic approach to plastic losses along the value chain and plastic accumulation in the environment would improve our understanding and related actions.
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2022-520/ A Nordic project identified and measured residues of chemical additives in polyurethane (PUR) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Measurements were done in new plastic, and in plastic weathered for four months in Samnangerfjorden near Bergen. Targeted chemical analysis with GC-Orbitrap was performed for identification and GC-MS analysis for quantification. Four plasticizers were detected in PUR and three in PVC, before and after weathering: Dibutyl adipate, N-butylbenzenesulphonamide (only in PUR), dibutyl phthalate, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). Maximum concentrations were approx. 1000 ng/g plastic. Also triphenyl phosphite and octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate were identified. Risk quotients for copepods, cod and fulmar showed low risk. Additionally, non-target screening with GC-Orbitrap identified sixteen chemicals, of which two had hazard classifications.
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2023-526/ Negotiations have started for an international treaty to solve the global problem of plastic pollution. This agreement and other actions need reliable measurements. It was the objective of this project to analyze and recommend indicators for plastic pollution, which are relevant, easy to measure and comprehensive. Most losses to the environment are larger plastic items, which eventually break down to microplastics. Mismanaged waste is an important source of plastic pollution, but difficult to measure. A set of complementary indicators could include plastic production/use, recycling rates, plastics in wastewater and rivers, beach litter, floating microplastics and plastic particles that are taken up by animals, e.g. seabirds. A holistic approach to plastic losses along the value chain and plastic accumulation in the environment would improve our understanding and related actions.
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