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Use of Economic Instruments in Nordic Environmental Policy 2018–2021

By: Eriksson, Flintull Annica,Karlsson, Annacarin,Zetterberg, Lars,Bragadóttir, Hrafnhildur,Von Bahr, Jenny,Rootzén, Johan,Möllersten, Kenneth,Kloo, Henrik

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Use of Economic Instruments in Nordic Environmental Policy 2018–2021

By: Eriksson, Flintull Annica,Karlsson, Annacarin,Zetterberg, Lars,Bragadóttir, Hrafnhildur,Von Bahr, Jenny,Rootzén, Johan,Möllersten, Kenneth,Kloo, Henrik

Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2023-520/ This is the nineth quadrennial report on the use of economic instruments in Nordic environmental policy published by the Nordic Working Group for Environment and Economics. The report contains two parts. Part 1 summarizes the most significant developments in the use of economic instruments in the environmental policies in the Nordic countries. It provides an overview of new instruments or major changes to existing instruments from 2018 to 2021 in the Nordic countries. The biggest changes are seen in the transport sector and in the field of energy and air pollution. Part 2 provides an overview of policies and instruments the Nordic countries have used to promote clean technologies. Most common is the use of a mix of environmental taxes and subsidies. Each country has chosen different technological paths depending on national and sector characteristics, as well as national preferences.

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Page Count

176

Publisher

Nordic Council of Ministers

Published Date

ISBN 10

9289376198

ISBN 13

9789289376198

Cost of Late Action - the Case of PCB

By: Jenny von Bahr

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Cost of Late Action - the Case of PCB

By: Jenny von Bahr

The purpose of this study is to estimate environmental costs for the use of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the European Union. The result of the estimate is that these costs in the EU of 25 members, will be at least EUR 15 billion (British milliards) 1971-2018. The estimate is based on information on costs in Sweden for the remediation of buildings, soil and waste, for administration, research and other related costs and on data about PCB production up to 1984 in the five largest of the EC Member States. The study confirms that early action in order to avoid chemicals pollution gives considerable environmental benefits to society. This is of particular interest to the future legislation on chemicals placed on the market of the European Community and the proposal of the European Commission to introduce a system for the registration, evaluation and authorization of chemicals (The REACH system). One main aim is to prevent missteps similar to the case of PCB. EC Member States will avoid huge costs in the future if missteps of this kind could be prevented by the new legislation.

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46

Publisher

Nordic Council of Ministers

Published Date

ISBN 10

9289310782

ISBN 13

9789289310789