Political corruption is one of the globe's most pressing yet seemingly permanent problems. It is a root cause of low growth and inequality, and plagues numerous nations throughout the world in varying degrees. In Political Parties, Business Groups, and Corruption in Developing Countries, Vineeta Yadav tackles the puzzle of corruption by analyzing the role that business lobbying plays in it. She shows that the structure of a developing nation's legislative institutions frequently determines whether such institutions promote or restrain corruption. Combining focused studies of legislative institutions and business groups in India and Brazil with a broader survey of corruption in sixty four developing democracies, Yadav shows how systems with powerful parties rather than ones with powerful individual legislators encourage the most corruption. A rigorous comparative examination of the connections between political institutions, lobbying, and corruption, this work will reshape our understanding of how developing country democracies can both discourage and encourage bribery, vote buying, and influence peddling.
The power granted to the courts, both in a nation’s constitution and in practice, reveals much about the willingness of the legislative and executive branches to accept restraints on their own powers. For this reason, an independent judiciary is considered an indication of a nation’s level of democracy. Vineeta Yadav and Bumba Mukherjee use a data set covering 159 developing countries, along with comparative case studies of Brazil and Indonesia, to identify the political conditions under which de jure independence is established. They find that the willingness of political elites to grant the courts authority to review the actions of the other branches of government depends on the capacity of the legislature and expectations regarding the judiciary’s assertiveness. Moving next to de facto independence, Yadav and Mukherjee bring together data from 103 democracies in the developing world, complemented by case studies of Brazil, India, and Indonesia. Honing in on the effects of electoral institutions, the authors find that, when faced with short time horizons, governments that operate in personal vote electoral systems are likely to increase de facto judicial independence whereas governments in party-centered systems are likely to reduce it.
Political corruption is one of the globe's most pressing yet seemingly permanent problems. It is a root cause of low growth and inequality, and plagues numerous nations throughout the world in varying degrees. In Political Parties, Business Groups, and Corruption in Developing Countries, Vineeta Yadav tackles the puzzle of corruption by analyzing the role that business lobbying plays in it. She shows that the structure of a developing nation's legislative institutions frequently determines whether such institutions promote or restrain corruption. Combining focused studies of legislative institutions and business groups in India and Brazil with a broader survey of corruption in sixty four developing democracies, Yadav shows how systems with powerful parties rather than ones with powerful individual legislators encourage the most corruption. A rigorous comparative examination of the connections between political institutions, lobbying, and corruption, this work will reshape our understanding of how developing country democracies can both discourage and encourage bribery, vote buying, and influence peddling.
“Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Perspective”Sub-Topics may be as follows- Role of Science and Technology in COVID-19 combat Environment, Sustainable Development and COVID – 19 Impact of COVID-19 on Globalization Socio-economic impact of COVID-19 Rresponse of Indian Culture and Tradition on COVID-19 Food security and COVID-19 Impact of COVID-19 on International Politics, Trade and Commerce Role of Ayurveda and Yoga in developing immunological response against COVID-19 Transformation of Education System during and beyond COVID-19 Innovative use of Information and Communication Technology during COVID-19 Mental and Psychological consequences of COVID-19 Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare, Police and Media workers # Any other sub-topic related to COVID-19.
The attitude of sharing global problems and being part of its solution in one's own capacity and competence is, in essence, Social Responsibility today. Businesses are no exceptions, in fact, they are, more than any other time in history, expected to take larger responsibilities of their actions and impacts along their own supply chains and contribute their bit to alleviating some of the worst challenges the planet and its people are facing. The emphasis is on demonstrable differences they make. In India, the revisions done to the Companies Act, especially pertaining to the CSR done by Indian companies echo this sentiment. While stipulating definitive themes of developmental and social areas where companies can do CSR related work, a great emphasis is laid on concrete plans and tangible results, making CSR in the country a significant tool in national development and a strategy to contribute to global goals. The book, in its writing, has attempted to bring these renewed perspectives to the reader with real-world insights into related company practices.
When it comes to deal with behavioral challenges in children, it's crucial to find effective approaches that can truly make a difference. The persuasive power lies in understanding that children's behaviors are often a means of expressing their underlying needs and emotions. Therefore, it's essential to approach these challenges with empathy and patience. One approach is positive reinforcement, which involves rewarding desirable behaviors to encourage their repetition. By acknowledging and praising the child's good behavior, we can foster a positive environment that reinforces positive choices. Setting clear expectations and consistent boundaries is another effective method. Children thrive when they understand what is expected of them and are aware of the consequences of their actions. By providing them with structural routine, we can help them develop self-discipline and responsible behavior. Additionally, active listening and effective communication play a significant role in addressing behavioral challenges. Taking the time to truly listen to children, validating their feelings, and offering support can go a long way in promoting emotional well-being and reducing problematic behaviors. Finally, collaborating with professionals, such as teachers, counselors, or therapists, can provide valuable insights and strategies for dealing with specific behavioral challenges. By working together and utilizing evidence-based approaches, we increase our chances of helping children overcome their behavioral struggles. Ultimately, these effective approaches not only improve the child's behavior but also support their overall growth and development. By embracing these approaches and implementing them consistently, we can create a nurturing environment that encourages positive behavior and empowers children to reach their full potential.
3D Printing in Biotechnology: Current Technologies and Applications explains the basic designs and recent progress in the application of 3D printing within various biotechnology fields. The book is a compilation of the basic fundamentals, designs, current applications, and future considerations related to this emerging technology, and summarizes the promising application of 3D bioprinting. Chapters contain detailed state-of-the-art knowledge to assist in the development and design of 3D printers, with applications in the medical, food, and environmental fields. This book will appeal to researchers and students from different disciplines, including materials science and technology, food, agriculture, and various biomedical fields.The content includes industrial applications and fills the gap between the research conducted in the laboratory and practical applications in related industries. - Offers an introduction to the emerging technologies and sectors in the field of 3D printing - Discusses the development of sustainable materials and bio-inks - Provides a guide for medical professionals and practitioners to incorporate current 3D printing technology into their medical practice - Bridges the knowledge gap for current designs used in 3D printing technology for designing an efficient and innovative 3D printer - Previews the technological basis for new farming practices and food engineering concepts utilizing 3D techniques
When and why are right-wing populist parties electorally successful in developing democracies? What are the economic consequences of their electoral success? This book presents an original theoretical framework that is grounded in the socio-economic characteristics of developing countries to answer these questions and provides evidence for its theo
A data-driven explanation of when successful religious parties reduce the civil liberties of their citizens in Muslim-majority countries and when they don't. Religious parties are increasingly common across the world. More and more, they participate in elections, win legislative seats, and join governments, particularly in Muslim-majority countries. Since they are often founded on orthodox principles that are inconsistent with liberal democracy, their rise potentially holds consequences for the prospects of liberal democratic values and practices-and this risk has inspired much heated debate. In Religious Parties and the Politics of Civil Liberties, the award-winning political science scholar Vineeta Yadav considers a question that has been central to the discussion: Will the success of religious parties lead to declines in the civil liberties of their citizens? Yadav summarizes the popular and academic sides of the conversation and addresses the weaknesses of both by presenting an original empirical analysis of religious parties' actual relationship to civil liberties. Many believe that if religious parties come to power, they will curb civil liberties in order to realize their religious visions. Academic research on religious parties, however, claims that the need to compete in elections incentivizes religious parties to moderate their behaviors and policies, including on civil liberties. Neither of these assertions has been systematically tested until now. With this book, Yadav adjudicates the debate using systematic data that covers all Muslim-majority countries for a period of almost forty years. She highlights the role that religious lobbies play in this issue and goes on to identify the specific conditions under which religious parties do or don't curb civil liberties. A sweeping comparative account that combines large-N analysis with focused studies of Turkey and Pakistan, this book will reshape our understanding of the relationship between religious party strength and the preservation of civil liberties.
The power granted to the courts, both in a nation’s constitution and in practice, reveals much about the willingness of the legislative and executive branches to accept restraints on their own powers. For this reason, an independent judiciary is considered an indication of a nation’s level of democracy. Vineeta Yadav and Bumba Mukherjee use a data set covering 159 developing countries, along with comparative case studies of Brazil and Indonesia, to identify the political conditions under which de jure independence is established. They find that the willingness of political elites to grant the courts authority to review the actions of the other branches of government depends on the capacity of the legislature and expectations regarding the judiciary’s assertiveness. Moving next to de facto independence, Yadav and Mukherjee bring together data from 103 democracies in the developing world, complemented by case studies of Brazil, India, and Indonesia. Honing in on the effects of electoral institutions, the authors find that, when faced with short time horizons, governments that operate in personal vote electoral systems are likely to increase de facto judicial independence whereas governments in party-centered systems are likely to reduce it.
When and why are right-wing populist parties electorally successful in developing democracies? What are the economic consequences of their electoral success? This book presents an original theoretical framework that is grounded in the socio-economic characteristics of developing countries to answer these questions and provides evidence for its theo
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