This well organized text provides the design techniques of algorithms in a simple and straight forward manner. It describes the complete development of various algorithms along with their pseudo-codes in order to have an understanding of their applications. The book begins with a description of the fundamental concepts and basic design techniques of algorithms. Gradually, it introduces more complex and advanced topics such as dynamic programming, backtracking and various algorithms related to graph data structure. Finally, the text elaborates on NP-hard, matrix operations and sorting network. Primarily designed as a text for undergraduate students of Computer Science and Engineering and Information Technology (B.Tech., Computer Science, B.Tech. IT) and postgraduate students of Computer Applications (MCA), the book would also be quite useful to postgraduate students of Computer Science and IT (M.Sc., Computer Science; M.Sc., IT). New to this Second Edition 1. A new section on Characteristics of Algorithms (Section 1.3) has been added 2. Five new sections on Insertion Sort (Section 2.2), Bubble Sort (Section 2.3), Selection Sort (Section 2.4), Shell Sort/Diminishing Increment Sort/Comb Sort (Section 2.5) and Merge Sort (Section 2.6) have been included 3. A new chapter on Divide and Conquer (Chapter 5) has also been incorporated
He was the guru of Bhishma Pitamah... He was the avatar of Vishnu but a disciple of Shiva... And He shall be the martial guru of Kalki, the last Avatar in this Yuga! When the Chandravanshi emperor Arjun began expanding his empire to the entire world, the Asuras hit back with an insidious plan. Caught in the crossfire is Raam, who comes back from his penance tofind 21 arrows piercing his father's body. Raam vows to avenge his death by killing the evil Kshatriyas 21 times starting with Arjun. Thus begins The Legend of Parshuram.
Present energy situation around the globe is unsustainable due to unequal distribution of natural resources as well as different environmental, geopolitical, and economical concerns. Rise in population with accelerated increase in industrial sector has led to rapid increase in the consumption of energy sources, which will make them extinct soon. To combat environmental pollution and mitigate the effects of greenhouse gases, it has become imperative that an alternative energy source is found which is sustainable and renewable. Biofuels is one such renewable, sustainable and affordable energy source that has the potential to replace conventional energy sources. Algal Biofuel: sustainable solution explores a wide spectrum of bioenergy sources, including their applications. It provides latest information in the field of bioenergy technologies and their future prospect including lipid content. It discusses governance of biofuel at global and national level and the potential of biofuel to meet the rising energy demand. The book focuses towards the strategies to ensure the availability of algal biomass, effective cultivation and harvesting techniques. The strategies to enhance the algal lipid synthesis and its conversion for biodiesel production have been also elaborated. Detailed Table of Contents: Foreword Preface 1. Biorefinery: A Future Approach for a Sustainable Bioeconomy Introduction Role of Government, Public, and Private Stakeholders Conclusion 2. Algal biomass harvesting for biofuel production Introduction Harvesting process Future prospects and conclusions 3. Biogas as Bioenergy Option: Advances and Challenges Introduction Biochemical Processes of Anaerobic Digestion Feedstock materials Microbial community Important parameters Properties of Biogas Upgradation of Biogas Types of Digesters Applications of Biogas Challenges/bottlenecks Conclusion 4. Application of algal biomass as a feedstock 93for fermentative biohydrogen production Introduction Microalgae Advantages and Limitations of Biohydrogen from Microalgae Conclusion 5. Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic/Algal Biomass: 107Potential Sustainable Approach Introduction Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Material Conclusion 6. Crop Residues as a Potential Substrate for 121Bioenergy Production: An Overview Introduction Agricultural Residues for Bioenergy Production Biomass-to-bioenergy Conversion Pathways Conclusion 7. Magnetic Harvesting of Microalgae Biomass forCost-effective Algal Biofuel Production Introduction Magnetic Materials for Microalgae Harvesting Factors Influencing Magnetic Harvesting Process Recovery of Magnetic Materials and Biomass Detachment Biocompatibility of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Recovery of Growth Medium Conclusion 8. Biodiesel Production from Non-edible Oilseeds Introduction Non-edible Oilseeds as Biodiesel Feedstock Properties of Free Fatty Acids in Non-edible Oils Biodiesel Production Technology for Non-edible Oilseeds Fuel Properties of Biodiesel Economic Feasibility of Biodiesel from Non-edible Oils Advantages of Non-edible Oilseed Crops National Efforts to Promote Non-edible Plant Species Conclusion 9. Carbon Sequestration and Biofuel Production byMicroalgae: An Integrated and Sustainable Approach Introduction Carbon Sequestration Carbon Sequestration by Microalgae Carbon Concentrating Mechanism Algal Species Factors Affecting Microalgal Efficiency Biosynthesis of Lipids in Microalgae Microalgal Biomass Harvesting and Processing Microalgal Lipid Extractions Production of Biofuels Chemical Conversion Thermochemical Conversion Biochemical Conversion Conclusion 10. Role of Meteorological Parameters on Atmospheric Aerosols Concentration and Its Control through Modern Biomass Application Introduction Aerosols Shape and Size of Aerosols Aerosol Sources Aerosol Removal Processes Implications of Aerosols Brief History of Earlier Aerosol Studies Experimental Technique Used Results and Discussion Modern Biomass Application to Control Aerosol Emission Conclusion 11. Application of Immobilized Algae in Water and Wastewater Treatment Immobilization Immobilization Techniques Application of Immobilized Algae Nutrient Removal Metal Removal Removal of Organic Compounds Lipid Content of Immobilized Algae Conclusion and Future Work 12. Recent Biotechnological Approaches for Bioenergy Production: The Path Forward Introduction Biotechnological Approaches in Bioenergy Production Different Biotechnological Approaches for Bioenergy Production Biotechnology and Sustainable Society Conclusion 13. Lipid induction in algal biomass for sustainable bioenergy production Introduction Composition of Microalgal Lipid Factors affecting lipid productivity in algal biomass Engineering efforts of lipid enhancement Conclusion About the Editors Index
The functionalization of nanomaterials provides them with some unique properties, making the same nanomaterial amenable for various applications by simply manipulating functional components. However, functionalized nanomaterials also face some challenges, along with some encouraging new applications in the future. This book provides a detailed account of applications of the functionalization of nanomaterials. This book can serve as a reference book for scientific investigators, including doctoral and post-doctoral scholars and undergraduate and graduate students, in context with the scope of applications of functionalized nanomaterials. It also highlights recent advances, challenges, and opportunities in the application of nanomaterials. This book will provide critical and comparative data for nanotechnologists. It may also be beneficial for multidisciplinary researchers, industry personnel, journalists, policy makers, and the common public to understand the scope of functionalized nanomaterials in detail and in depth. Features: This book covers various applications of functionalized nanomaterials. It discusses recent global research trends and future applications of functionalized nanomaterials. It highlights the need for more rigorous regulatory frameworks for the safe use of functionalized nanomaterials. It contains contributions from international experts and will be a valuable resource for researchers.
Nanomaterials contain some unique properties due to their nanometric size and surface functionalization. Nanomaterial functionalization also affects their compatibility to biocompatibility and toxicity behaviors. environment and living organism. This makes functionalized nanomaterials a material with huge scope and few challenges. This book provides detailed information about the nanomaterial functionalization and their application. Recent advancements, challenges and opportunities in the preparation and applications of functionalized nanomaterials are also highlighted. This book can serve as a reference book for scientific investigators, doctoral and post-doctoral scholars; undergrad and grad. This book is very useful for multidisciplinary researchers, industry personnel’s, journalists, and policy makers. Features: Covers all aspects of Nanomaterial functionalization and its applications Describes and methods of functionalized nanomaterials synthesis for different applications Discusses the challenges, recent findings, and cutting-edge global research trends on functionalization of nanomaterials and its applications It discusses the regulatory frameworks for the safe use of functionalized nanomaterials. It contains contributions from international experts from multiple disciplines.
Though now largely a forgotten figure, V.S. Srinivasa Sastri was a celebrated Indian politician and diplomat in the early 20th Century. This book rehabilitates Sastri and offers a diplomatic biography of his years as India’s roving ambassador in the 1920s.
The first edition of Preventing Hospital Infections led readers through a step-by-step description of a quality improvement intervention as it might unfold in a model hospital, pinpointing the likely obstacles and offering practical strategies for how to overcome them. This newly updated edition draws on fresh examples and modern clinical tools, with new or expanded topics spanning antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship, RAND/UCLA appropriateness criteria for using devices, and tiered approaches to CAUTI, CLABSI, and CDI. Unlike other approaches, which focus on the technical aspects of healthcare-associated infections, this book offers a user-friendly manual for effecting real, practical change. Whether resistance comes from physicians who distrust change, nurses who want to protect their turf, or infection preventionists who are removed from the day-to-day work on wards, Preventing Hospital Infections, 2nd Edition offers an innovative and accessible approach that focuses on navigating the human element in a hospital quality improvement initiative.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a global health threat. Unfortunately, there are very limited approved therapeutics available with established efficacy and safety profiles against SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 vaccines aim to actively induce systemic immunization; however, the possibility or fear of side effects decreases or discourages their use. Alternative therapy via natural products, especially essential oils, could be considered safe and effective to improve health, cure ailments, and soothe your body and mind. Essential oils, which have been known for their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bronchodilatory, and antiviral properties, could possibly be useful for the symptomatic management of COVID-19. This book is vital in respect of designing approaches to protect humanity from further losses and harm due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Role of Essential Oils in the Management of COVID-19 offers a complete outline of the recent novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection, its biology, and associated challenges for the prevention and treatment of novel COVID-19, with a prime focus on the possible role of essential oils in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. This book is written for everyone who needs to be thoroughly familiar with the appropriate and safe use of essential oils in COVID-19 therapy. As per the objectives of the book: The first seven chapters cover various aspects of COVID-19 infection, including epidemiology, origin, morphology, genome organization, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, preventive measures, and treatment strategies. The remaining chapters elaborate on the various aspects related to essential oils, such as chemistry, extraction methods, dispensing methods, stability, quality control, mechanism of action, therapeutic effects, pharmacokinetics, aromatherapy, and safety profiles. Prof. Ahmed Al-Harrasi is Vice Chancellor for Graduate Studies, Research and External Relations, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, and Professor of Organic Chemistry, University of Nizwa, Oman. Prof. Ahmed received his M.Sc. degree in Chemistry followed by his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from the University of Berlin. He then pursued his postdoctoral research at Cornell University. Afterward, he continued his research rigor at the University of Nizwa, where he founded the Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, which has now become a center of excellence in natural and medical sciences. While enduring his research aptitude, he has authored and co-authored more than 400 scientific papers, 2 books, and 12 book chapters of high repute. Dr. Saurabh Bhatia graduated from Kurukshetra University, followed by postgraduation from Bharati Vidyapeeth University. He received his Ph.D in Pharmaceutical Technology at Jadavpur University. He now works as an Associate Professor at Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Oman. He has 12 years of academic experience; has authored 75 articles and 9 books of repute; and filed 11 patents.
Phytoremediation aids to augment bioremediation as it uses broad range plants to remediate soil, sediment, surface water and ground water that have been contaminated with toxic metals, organic, pesticides and radionuclides. This book serves to disseminate detailed up to date knowledge regarding the various aspects of phytoremediation and plant-microbe interaction. The book highlights process and molecular mechanisms for industrial waste detoxification during phytoremediation in wetland plants, role of endophytic bacteria for phytoremediation of environmental pollutants, constructed wetland treatment system for treatment and recycling of hazardous wastewater, amongst other relevant topics. Key Features: Focuses on phytoremediation process for different pollutants, mainly heavy metal detoxification in the presence of other co-pollutants. Includes plant-soil-microbe interactions in phytoremediations and remediation of contaminated water. Explores life cycle assessment of industrial waste contaminated site with organic pollutants. Discusses hyperaccumulator versus non-hyperaccumulator plants for environmental waste management. Includes bacterial assisted phytoremediation and siderophore formation in specific environmental conditions.
This book presents a Paninian perspective towards natural language processing. It has three objectives: (1) to introduce the reader to NLP, (2) to introduce the reader to Paninian Grammar (PG) which is the application of the original Paninian framework to the processing of modern Indian languages using the computer, (3) to compare Paninian Grammar (PG) framework with modern Western computational grammar frameworks.Indian languages like many other languages of the world have relatively free word order. They also have a rich system of case-endings and post-positions. In contrast to this, the majority of grammar frameworks and designed for English and other positional languages. The unique aspect of the computational grammar describes here is that it is designed for free word order languages and makes special use of case-endings and post-positions. Efficient parsers for the grammar are also described. The computational grammar is likely to be suitable for other free word order languages of the world.Second half of the book presents a comparison of Paninian Grammar (PG) with existing modern western computational grammars. It introduces three western grammar frameworks using examples from English: Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG), Tree Adjoining Grammar (TAG), and Government and Binding (GB). The presentation does not assume any background on part of the reader regarding these frameworks. Each presentation is followed by either a discussion on applicability of the framework to free word order languages, or a comparison with PG framework.
Do you also feel like leaving everything and committing suicide? Psychiatrist Dr. Shobhna Choudhary expects Sharvil to appear for the third session. But there is no news of him until after two months, when he messages her that he has quit his job and now all he wants is to overcome his defeatist thoughts. The story begins with the sudden meeting of Sharvil and Kashika in the college corridor, where she unexpectedly discloses that she was in love with him, and Sharvil ends up telling her about Anaiyehsa and his previous life. They come closer to each other and Sharvil eventually falls in love with Kashika. Later on, after graduation, various incidents happen which causes Sharvil excruciating pain, killed his mental stability and he ends up taking help of psychiatrist Dr. Shobhna Choudhary. What happens between these two young and happy souls later on that the world does not know? What makes Sharvil hate her the most in the entire universe? Will Shobhna be able to treat him, or like most young adults, will he force himself to commit suicide?
He was the guru of Bhishma Pitamah... He was the avatar of Vishnu but a disciple of Shiva... And He shall be the martial guru of Kalki, the last Avatar in this Yuga! When the Chandravanshi emperor Arjun began expanding his empire to the entire world, the Asuras hit back with an insidious plan. Caught in the crossfire is Raam, who comes back from his penance tofind 21 arrows piercing his father's body. Raam vows to avenge his death by killing the evil Kshatriyas 21 times starting with Arjun. Thus begins The Legend of Parshuram.
He was born a Kshatriya. He became a Brahmarishi. When Satyavati, wife of Rishi Ruchik, exchanges with her mother, Queen Ratna, the magic potion for bearing a child, they change not just their children’s destiny, but also the history of mankind. Born of this mix up is Vishwamitra, the son of a Kshatriya, with the qualities of a Brahmin. The duality in his life soon begins to show as he strives to become a Brahmarishi—the ultimate, the most powerful of all Gurus. With the creation of the Gayatri Mantra he begins a tapasya that makes him second to none. He challenges the Gods and shakes the very foundation of the heavens. Vishwamitra is the powerful, riveting story of a brave but stubborn, haughty yet compassionate, visionary king of Aryavarta who not only acquires material wealth through military conquests but also becomes one of the most well-known sages of all times.
After Vishwamitra and The Legend of Parshu-Raam comes the epic saga of the king of Bharat-varsh! The kingdoms of Nabhi-varsh lie scattered in the wake of Parshu-Raam’s assault on corrupt Kshatriyas. While evil has been wiped out from the land, the important task of nation-building remains. In the forest of Naimish-Aranya, the stunned king of Hastinapur watches a young boy play with lion cubs. Who is this fearless child? How does his destiny entwine with that of this ancient kingdom? Will he be able to bring order to the land and defend it against the invaders lining up at its borders? Reimagined brilliantly, this novel tells the story of the son of Dushyant and Shakuntala, the grandson of Brahmarishi Vishwamitra, the man who changed the destiny of our country and gave it a brand new name—Bhaarat!
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