It was long ago that group analysis of differential equations became a powerful tool for studying nonlinear equations and boundary value problems. This analysis was especially fruitful in application to the basic equations of mechanics and physics because the invariance principles are already involved in their derivation. It is in no way a coincidence that the equations of hydrodynamics served as the first object for applying the new ideas and methods of group analysis which were developed by 1. V. Ovsyannikov and his school. The authors rank themselves as disciples of the school. The present monograph deals mainly with group-theoretic classification of the equations of hydrodynamics in the presence of planar and rotational symmetry and also with construction of exact solutions and their physical interpretation. It is worth noting that the concept of exact solution to a differential equation is not defined rigorously; different authors understand it in different ways. The concept of exact solution expands along with the progress of mathematics (solu tions in elementary functions, in quadratures, and in special functions; solutions in the form of convergent series with effectively computable terms; solutions whose searching reduces to integrating ordinary differential equations; etc. ). We consider it justifiable to enrich the set of exact solutions with rank one and rank two in variant and partially invariant solutions to the equations of hydrodynamics.
This book is unique in that it brings together published viscosity data, experimental methods, theoretical, correlation and predictive procedures in a single volume. The readers will get a better understanding of why various methods are used for measuring viscosity of different types of liquids and why an experimental method is dependent on fluid characteristics, such as Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluids.
This textbook describes the theory underlying each instrumental procedure and applications of all instrumental methods. It comprehensively covers the instrumental methods of chemical analysis, chromatography, thermal methods of chemical analysis, electrochemical methods, and instrumental methods of analysis of inorganic compounds. These include thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, thermometric titrations, and some miscellaneous thermal methods like derivative thermogravimetric analysis, thermobarography, differential scanning calorimetry, thermomechanical analysis, and electric thermal analysis, flame photometry, fluorimetry and phosphorimetry, nephelometric and turbidimetric techniques, refractory and interferometry, and X-ray methods. Each chapter consists a set of problems to aid self-learning. This textbook is highly useful for graduate and postgraduate students on chemistry and its allied fields. It can also be used as a quick reference material by professionals working in the various fields of chemistry and material science.
We feel a great pleasure in presenting this text book for U.G. and P.G. students and teachers from various Colleges, Institutes, Academies and Universities to improve their depth of knowledge in the related subject. The purpose of this book is to clear introductory concepts about Atomic, Molecular Physics and LASER and understand the basic concepts which are useful for NET, SET, PET and other competitive examination. This book is written in simple and lucid language with large number of essential diagram and equations covers all the aspects in which students have faced various problems in attempting examinations. Each topic provided contents and split into articles, sub-articles, multiple choice questions with answer in bold type, solved numerical, question for self study and unsolved problems for more practice. Furthermore attempts have made to explain everything whenever required. We hope that this book will definitely fulfill all the requirements of the students and they will welcome this edition with satisfaction. We have done our job with great care and caution. However there may be very few printing errors which may have escaped our attention. So we cannot claim to be infallible. We shall grateful to all teacher and students who will be kind enough in pin pointing our follies, which have escaped our attention. We are firmly believe that there is always scope and improvement, suggestions and comments further improvement will be highly appreciated and gratefully acknowledged from worth teachers, expert professors and student will be received.
This book provides an introduction to theories of fluids with microstruc ture, a subject that is still evolving, and information on which is mainly available in technical journals. Several approaches to such theories, employ ing different levels of mathematics, are now available. This book presents the subject in a connected manner, using a common notation and a uniform level of mathematics. The only prerequisite for understanding this material is an exposure to fluid mechanics using Cartesian tensors. This introductory book developed from a course of semester-length lec tures that were first given in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Delaware and subsequently were given in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. The encouragement of Professor A. B. Metzner and the warm hospitality of the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, where the first set of notes for this book were prepared (1970-71), are acknowledged with deep appreciation. Two friends and colleagues, Dr. Raminder Singh and Dr. Thomas F. Balsa, made helpful suggestions for the improvement of this manuscript. The financial support provided by the Education Development Centre of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, for the preparation of the manuscript is gratefully acknowledged.
Applied Physic-l” is a compulsory paper for the first year Diploma course in Engineering & Technology. Syllabus of this books is strictly aligned as per model curriculum of AICTE, and academic content is amalgamated with the concepts of outcome-based education. Book covers six topics- Physical World, Units and Measurements; Force and Motion; Work, Power and Energy; Rotational Motion; Properties of Matter; Heat and Thermometry. Each topic is written in easy and lucid manner. Every chapter contains a set of exercise at the end of each unit to test the student’s comprehension. Some salient features of the book · Content of the book is aligned with the mapping of Course Outcome, Programs Outcomes and Unit Outcomes. · Book provides lots of interested facts, QR Code for E-resources, QR Code for use of ICT etc. · Students and teacher centric subject materials are included in book with balanced and chronological manner. · Figures and tables are inserted to improve clarity of the topics. · Short questions, objective questions and long answer exercises of different difficulty levels are given for practice after every chapter. · Solved numerical examples are provided with systematic steps in each chapter followed by numerical exercises with hints.
This textbook has been designed to meet the needs of B.Sc. (Hons.) Second Semester students of Zoology as per the UGC Choice Based Credit System (CBCS). Comprehensively written, it explains the essential principles, processes and methodology of Coelomate Non-Chordates and Cell Biology. This textbook is profusely illustrated with well-drawn labelled diagrams, flow charts and tables, not only to supplement the descriptions, but also for sound understanding of the concepts.
PRELIMINARY TEXT: The book includes results of experimental studies and mathematical models of wide class of nonstationary processes developing in liquid under pulse (explosive) loading. The author addresses engineers and scientists from scientific computation. Experimental results on structure and parameters of wave fields generated by explosions of cord and spiral charges, description of formation mechanisms of high speed cumulative flows at underwater explosions near free surface as well as studies on dynamics of spherical, cylindrical and ring cavities are presented. The features of shock wave transformation in bubbly liquids, their amplification as a result of collision and focusing, bubbly detonation wave formation in reactive bubbly liquids are in detail analyzed. The results of studies of real liquid microstructure as two-phase medium, bubbly cavitation development, rarefaction waves in real liquids, notion of their strength, relaxation of tensile stresses and process of liquid fructure under pulse (explosive) loading are discussed in detail.
V K Triandafillov was an outstanding young commander who shaped the military theory and doctrine of the Red Army as it came to grips with the problem of future war. A conscript soldier who rose through the ranks to become an officer in the Tsarist Army, he saw combat in both the First World War and the Russian Civil War. A student of some of the finest military specialists teaching the first generation of young Red commanders, he sought to link theory and practice by using past experience to comprehend future combat.
The continuous miniaturization of integrated circuit (IC) chips and the increase in the sleekness of the design of electronic components have led to the monumental rise of volumetric heat generation in electronic components. Hybrid Genetic Optimization for IC Chips Thermal Control: With MATLAB® Applications focuses on the detailed optimization strategy carried out to enhance the performance (temperature control) of the IC chips oriented at different positions on a switch-mode power supply (SMPS) board and cooled using air under various heat transfer modes. Seven asymmetric protruding IC chips mounted at different positions on an SMPS board are considered in the present study that is supplied with non-uniform heat fluxes. Key Features: Provides guidance on performance enhancement and reliability of IC chips Provides a detailed hybrid optimization strategy for the optimal arrangement of IC chips on a board The MATLAB program for the hybrid optimization strategy along with its stability analysis is carried out in a detailed manner Enables thermal design engineers to identify the positioning of IC chips on the board to increase their reliability and working cycle
Kick off your flip-flops and savor this fun-loving box set filled with hot summer nights and sunny, sandy days! Last Kiss of Summer by Marina Adair Kennedy Sinclair, pie shop and orchard owner extraordinaire, is all that stands between Luke Callahan and the success of his hard cider business. But when the negotiations start heating up, will they lose their hearts? Or seal the deal? Burning Moon by Jo Watson When Lilly Swanson's fiance leaves her at the altar, she makes an impulsive decision-she heads off to Thailand to spend her honeymoon alone. She quickly learns that everything in Thailand is very hot: the weather, the merchandise, and especially Damien-the sexy, spontaneous man she meets before her feet even hit the sand. After a week of letting go, indulging her every impulse and desire, Lilly must go back to the girl she used to be. Or can Damien convince her that their party doesn't have to end? One Week to the Wedding by Olivia Miles In theory, Kate Daniels couldn't be more excited to be planning her best friend's wedding, but lately just thinking about gowns and centerpieces makes her want to hide. Maybe it's because her fiance cheated with her younger sister, Charlotte. Or maybe it's because her newfound reputation as a jilted wedding planner isn't exactly doing wonders for her career. With the wedding only a week away, Kate expects a few surprises. But what she doesn't expect is to find herself believing...in the strength of family, and the possibility of finding love again. Meet Me at the Beach by V.K. Sykes Gorgeous Lily Doyle was the only thing Aiden Flynn missed after he escaped from Seashell Bay to play pro baseball. Now back on the island, memories rush in about the night of passion they shared long ago, and everything else washes right out to sea-everything except the desire that still burns between them. The Cottage at Firefly Lake by Jen Gilroy Eighteen years ago, Charlotte Gibbs left Firefly Lake-and Sean Carmichael-behind to become a globetrotting journalist. But now she's back. Will the two have a second chance at first love? Or will the secret Charlie's hiding be their undoing?
Self-confidence, perseverance, hard work, concentration and an analytical mind are the essentials to win and prosper in life. But despite the efforts and struggles, some of us are not able to climb up the progress ladder. What is the reason? There is some reason beyond our reach and understanding, which play important factors in our lives - that is Nature's Support. This book tells you how to get the Nature's Support from the following and succeed in life. ? The Earth’s magnetic force (Vaasthu-practical) of Indian origin, tells you how to choose a plot and construct your house to bring you prosperity ? Graphology that came from Europe, is the analysis of a person’s handwriting to infer their character and develop it to a positive personality ? Numerology is the science of numbers, which originated in Greece, telling one how to obtain support from the planets in a natural way for prosperity in life ? Good deeds fetch good returns and nature supports this, thereby bringing prosperity in your life
The book is divided into different sections to facilitate the readers to get in touch with the subject of their interest. The sections though self-explanatory have been divided crop-wise with further classification according to causal organisms. Since mushrooms are a developing industry, a section has been added on that too. This book will provide an insight into the pathological problems of different crops and help the reader to have broader view of different scientific method's being used to manage them.
Climatic change plays an integral part in planetary health and is amongst the most important global environmental aspect that has an impact on human health. The linkage between the environmental change and disease dynamics has been highlighted in recent times and hence, emphasis on environmental sustainability to reduce future epidemics. Present book focusses on the relationship between climatic change and epidemiological factors with an approach to reduce the global hotspots. The climatic changes relevant to periods of activity and variations in geographical distribution is addressed including interconnection of sustainability, population growth and environmental change. Features: Covers environmental management and waste to resource for future. Includes guidelines for analysis, assessment, and interventions for waste management. Discusses environmental impediments in the way of healthcare inclusions. Impresses upon the importance of clinical epidemiology to detect, treat, control, and prevent the spread of non-communicable diseases globally. Provides insights for the future health hazards that can be administered at the insignificant stage. This book aims at Graduate Students, Researchers, Professionals and Health Care Professionals in environmental engineering, waste management, climate change, and healthcare.
This textbook has been designed to meet the needs of B.Sc. (Hons.) First Semester students of Zoology as per the UGC Choice Based Credit System (CBCS). Comprehensively written, it explains the essential principles, processes and methodology of Acoelomate Non-Chordates along with Protista, and Ecology. This textbook is profusely illustrated with well-drawn labelled diagrams, not only to supplement the descriptions, but also for sound understanding of the concepts.
This book deals with men and women of historical importance who have played crucial roles in shaping the destiny of various nations and the world. It narrates stories of not only the greatest achievements in science, culture and health but also of historical blunders in terms of regional as well as world wars. Tales of men who fought fearlessly in pursuit of land and wealth may be intriguing to the present generation. While the stories of great warriors like Alexander, Akbar and Napoleon may throw light on the dark side of history, the realisation of the folly of war by Asoka after the Kalinga war may instil some ray of hope in the youth. Stories of giants like Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein may inspire not only the young scientists but everyone to explore nature and space. Sacrifices made by committed doctors of yester years who dedicated their lives to learn about the causes of diseases and their transmission and who thus saved millions of people from dreaded diseases like small pox and yellow fever may be a revelation for many. The fact that many of those scientists and medics were able to achieve these in spite of their poverty and the existing social taboos is a testimony to their dedication and grit. The achievements of Mary Curie, who fought against rampant gender bias, is worth emulating. The story of scientists like Archimedes who was killed in his study by war-mongering rulers may induce a sense of sorrow and anger among the readers. The readers may realize that the artistic achievements of Leonardo da Vinci, well-known for his creation “Mona Lisa,” are to be cherished for ever. The story of the great navigators – Columbus and Vasco da Gama conquering the oceans in search of new world and wealth may be thrilling to lovers of adventure and exploration. The fact that great souls like Mahatma Gandhi, Babasaheb Ambedkar, Martin Luther King, Jr. and Mother Teresa have inspired millions of poor and helped the oppressed is an endearing story to be learnt by all.
The field of high-power laser-plasma interaction has grown in the last few decades, with applications ranging from laser-driven fusion and laser acceleration of charged particles to laser ablation of materials. This comprehensive text covers fundamental concepts including electromagnetics and electrostatic waves, parameter instabilities, laser driven fusion,charged particle acceleration and gamma rays. Two important techniques of laser proton interactions including target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) and radiation pressure acceleration (RPA) are discussed in detail, along with their applications in the field of medicine. An analytical framework is developed for laser beat-wave and wakefield excitation of plasma waves and subsequent acceleration of electrons. The book covers parametric oscillator model and studies the coupling of laser light with collective modes.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on High-Performance Computing, HiPC 2003, held in Hyderabad, India in December 2003. The 48 revised full papers presented together with 5 keynote abstracts were carefully reviewed and selected from 164 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on performance issues and power-aware systems; distributed and network algorithms; routing in wireless, mobile, and cut-through networks; scientific and engineering applications; overlay networks, clusters, and grids; scheduling and software algorithms; network design and performance; grid applications and architecture support; performance analysis; scheduling and migration.
Magnesium alloys are widely used in aircraft and automotive components because of their inherent light weight compared to other engineering metals. However, premature corrosion is one of the challenges associated with magnesium. In the aerospace industry, many expensive castings cannot be reclaimed adequately because current methods are often inappropriate due to excessive porosity, oxidation and thermal damage. Cold spray is a solid-state coating process that uses a supersonic gas jet to accelerate small particles against a substrate to produce metal bonding by rapid plastic deformation of the impacting particles. Significantly, magnesium components can be repaired, restored and protected by cold spray deposition of pure aluminum which has thus already been specified by some aerospace users as a standard technique for magnesium repair. In this chapter, the state of the art of commercial cold spray technologies for magnesium repair will be discussed, as well as their advantages and limitations compared to traditional thermal processes.
This textbook has been designed to meet the needs of B.Sc. (Hons.) Fifth Semester students of Zoology as per the UGC Choice Based Credit System (CBCS). Comprehensively written, it explains the essential principles, processes and methodology of Molecular Biology and Genetics. This textbook is profusely illustrated with well-drawn labelled diagrams, flow charts and tables, not only to supplement the descriptions, but also for sound understanding of the concepts.
This book explains the essential principles, processes and methodology of cell biology, biochemistry and molecular biology. It reflects upon the significant advances in cell biology such as motor proteins, intracellular traffic and targeting of proteins, signalling pathways, receptors, apoptosis, aging and cancer. It also discusses certain current topics such as history of life (origin of life), archaebacteria, split genes, exon shuffling, gene silencing, RNA interference, miRNA, siRNA and recombinant DNA technology, etc.
This textbook has been designed to meet the needs of B.Sc. Third Semester students of Zoology as per Common Minimum Syllabus prescribed for all Uttar Pradesh State Universities and Colleges under the recommended National Education Policy 2020. It comprehensively covers two papers, namely, theory paper on Molecular Biology, Bioinstrumentation and Biotechniques and practical paper on Bioinstrumentation and Molecular Biology Lab. The Molecular Biology part of the book emphasizes the fundamental features of various aspects of DNA, RNA, and protein structure, function, and expression. The regulation of Gene expression in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes is presented in a very lucid and comprehensive way.
This book provides an introduction to theories of fluids with microstruc ture, a subject that is still evolving, and information on which is mainly available in technical journals. Several approaches to such theories, employ ing different levels of mathematics, are now available. This book presents the subject in a connected manner, using a common notation and a uniform level of mathematics. The only prerequisite for understanding this material is an exposure to fluid mechanics using Cartesian tensors. This introductory book developed from a course of semester-length lec tures that were first given in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Delaware and subsequently were given in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. The encouragement of Professor A. B. Metzner and the warm hospitality of the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, where the first set of notes for this book were prepared (1970-71), are acknowledged with deep appreciation. Two friends and colleagues, Dr. Raminder Singh and Dr. Thomas F. Balsa, made helpful suggestions for the improvement of this manuscript. The financial support provided by the Education Development Centre of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, for the preparation of the manuscript is gratefully acknowledged.
It was long ago that group analysis of differential equations became a powerful tool for studying nonlinear equations and boundary value problems. This analysis was especially fruitful in application to the basic equations of mechanics and physics because the invariance principles are already involved in their derivation. It is in no way a coincidence that the equations of hydrodynamics served as the first object for applying the new ideas and methods of group analysis which were developed by 1. V. Ovsyannikov and his school. The authors rank themselves as disciples of the school. The present monograph deals mainly with group-theoretic classification of the equations of hydrodynamics in the presence of planar and rotational symmetry and also with construction of exact solutions and their physical interpretation. It is worth noting that the concept of exact solution to a differential equation is not defined rigorously; different authors understand it in different ways. The concept of exact solution expands along with the progress of mathematics (solu tions in elementary functions, in quadratures, and in special functions; solutions in the form of convergent series with effectively computable terms; solutions whose searching reduces to integrating ordinary differential equations; etc. ). We consider it justifiable to enrich the set of exact solutions with rank one and rank two in variant and partially invariant solutions to the equations of hydrodynamics.
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