This book provides an introduction to PDE-constrained optimisation using finite elements and the adjoint approach. The practical impact of the mathematical insights presented here are demonstrated using the realistic scenario of the optimal placement of marine power turbines, thereby illustrating the real-world relevance of best-practice Hilbert space aware approaches to PDE-constrained optimisation problems. Many optimisation problems that arise in a real-world context are constrained by partial differential equations (PDEs). That is, the system whose configuration is to be optimised follows physical laws given by PDEs. This book describes general Hilbert space formulations of optimisation algorithms, thereby facilitating optimisations whose controls are functions of space. It demonstrates the importance of methods that respect the Hilbert space structure of the problem by analysing the mathematical drawbacks of failing to do so. The approaches considered are illustrated using the optimisation problem arising in tidal array layouts mentioned above. This book will be useful to readers from engineering, computer science, mathematics and physics backgrounds interested in PDE-constrained optimisation and their real-world applications.
Die marmorne Liegestatue der frühchristlichen Jungfrau und Märtyrerin Cäcilie, die sich seit ihrer Entstehung zum Jubeljahr 1600 an ihrem ursprünglichen Aufstellungsort in Rom befindet, gilt aufgrund innovativer Rahmung und Formensprache als bahnbrechend in der westlichen Kunst. Im Hinblick auf ihren kulturellen, religiösen, sozialen und politischen Hintergrund wurde sie aber bislang noch nie umfassend untersucht. Die vorliegende, interdisziplinäre Studie widmet sich genau diesem Kraftfeld. Es bestimmt die Genese, Bedeutung und frühe Rezeption des Grabbildes Cäciliens wie auch des Stifters, Kardinal Paolo Camillo Sfondrato. Die Figur wirkt nicht nur im gesamten Kircheninnenraum der der Heiligen geweihten Basilika, sondern strahlt in eine wegweisende, frühmoderne Welt aus. Zugleich reflektiert sie Zeitströmungen derart, dass sie als künstlerische Summe ihrer Epoche gelten kann. The reclining marble statue of the early Christian virgin martyr Cecilia, completed by the Holy Year of 1600 and still in its original setting in the Roman basilica bearing the saint’s name, has long been recognised as a seminal work in Western art. Yet its cultural, religious, social and political background has never been comprehensively investigated. This interdisciplinary analysis explores the constellation of forces that shaped the genesis, meaning and early reception of the sculpture – a funeral image for both its donor, Cardinal Paolo Camillo Sfondrato, and Cecilia – as well as its impact on the church interior and the contemporary viewer. The cult image emerges as a synthesis of an epoch that is fundamental to our understanding of early modern culture.
The motor vehicle technology covered in this book has become in the more than 125 years of its history in many aspects an extremely complex and, in many areas of engineering science . Motor vehicles must remain functional under harsh environmental conditions and extreme continuous loads and must also be reliably brought into a safe state even in the event of a failure by a few trained operators. The automobile is at the same time a mass product, which must be produced in millions of pieces and at extremely low cost. In addition to the fundamentals of current vehicle systems, the book also provides an overview of future developments such as, for example, in the areas of electromobility, alternative drives and driver assistance systems. The basis for the book is a series of lectures on automotive engineering, which has been offered by the first-named author at the University of Duisburg-Essen for many years. Starting from classical systems in the automobile, the reader is given a systemic view of modern motor vehicles. In addition to the pure basic function, the modeling of individual (sub-) systems is also discussed. This gives the reader a deep understanding of the underlying principles. In addition, the book with the given models provides a basis for the practical application in the area of simulation technology and thus achieves a clear added value against books, which merely explain the function of a system without entering into the modeling. On the basis of today's vehicle systems we will continue to look at current and future systems. In addition to the state-of-the-art, the reader is thus taught which topics are currently dominant in research and which developments can be expected for the future. In particular, a large number of practical examples are provided directly from the vehicle industry. Especially for students of vehicle-oriented study courses and lectures, the book thus enables an optimal preparation for possible future fields of activity.
With detailed coverage of surgical procedures, Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal is an authoritative, two-volume reference on the art and science of small animal surgery. Expert contributors discuss surgical principles and procedures for topics ranging from surgical biology and perioperative care, to neurosurgery orthopedic surgery, and soft tissue surgery, always supported by evidence-based research and complete surgical instructions. More procedures are covered with greater detail than in comparable books, and a greater emphasis on pathophysiology shows how it relates to diagnosis, treatment, and overall case management. Experienced Coeditors Karen Tobias and Spencer Johnston provide the definitive reference for veterinary surgery, invaluable preparation for the ACVS and ECVS board examinations. Blend of clinical and basic science information provides the best possible understanding of clinical issues surrounding operative situations. Specific procedures are covered in great detail and are brought to life with full-color drawings and photographs. Highly recognized contributors provide authoritative coverage that is useful for surgical specialists as well as practicing veterinarians who perform surgery or refer cases for surgery. Detailed coverage of small animal surgery provides excellent preparation for the written examination of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, and the European College of Veterinary Surgeons. Comprehensive coverage includes surgical biology, surgical methods and perioperative care, neurosurgery, and orthopedics in Volume I; soft tissue surgery is covered in Volume II. Coverage of anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology in chapters on specific organs includes information critical to operative procedures and patient management. In-depth chapters on anesthesia and pain provide indispensable resources for practicing surgeons. Treatment of cancers in small animals is covered in chapters on surgical oncology, tumors of the spine, and musculoskeletal neoplasia. Extensive references to published studies show the factual basis for the material. The companion website includes all of the images in the book for convenient access, plus references linked to original abstracts on PubMed.
**Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 with "Essential Purchase" designation in Veterinary Medicine** Focus on the "how" and "why" of medical/surgical conditions — the critical issues that lead to successful outcomes for your patients — with Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal, Second Edition. This two-volume full-color resource offers an authoritative, comprehensive review of disease processes, a thorough evaluation of basic clinical science information, and in-depth discussion of advanced surgeries. With an updated Expert Consult website you can access anytime and detailed coverage of surgical procedures, it is the definitive reference for surgical specialists, practicing veterinarians, and residents. - Expert Consult website offers access to the entire text online, plus references linked to original abstracts on PubMed. - Comprehensive coverage includes surgical biology, surgical methods and perioperative care, neurosurgery, and orthopedics in Volume One, and all soft tissue surgery organized by body system in Volume Two. - Extensive references to published studies available on Expert Consult show the factual basis for the material. - Strong blend of clinical and basic science information facilitates a clear understanding of clinical issues surrounding operative situations. - Highly recognized contributing authors create chapters from their own experience and knowledge base, providing the most authoritative, current information available. - Coverage of anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology in chapters on specific organs includes information critical to operative procedures and patient management. - In-depth chapters on anesthesia, surgical oncology, tumors of the spine, and musculoskeletal neoplasia provide valuable resources for practicing surgeons, especially in the area of cancer treatment. - Preoperative considerations and surgical implications for surgical procedures help surgeons make decisions about treatment approaches. - NEW and UPDATED! Expert Consult website with print text plus complete online access to the book's contents, so you can use it anytime — anywhere. - EXPANDED! Coverage of interventional radiology techniques in Volume Two (soft tissue volume) to provide cutting-edge information on contemporary imaging modalities that gain access to different structures of the patient's body for diagnostic and therapeutic reasons. - NEW and UPDATED! Expanded coverage of coaptation devices and small animal prosthetics clearly explains how they are used in a variety of clinical situations. - EXPANDED! Principles of minimally invasive plate treatment added to Volume One (orthopedic volume) to show how these advancements maximize healing and protect the patient while meeting the surgeon's goals in using fracture fixation.
This book provides an introduction to PDE-constrained optimisation using finite elements and the adjoint approach. The practical impact of the mathematical insights presented here are demonstrated using the realistic scenario of the optimal placement of marine power turbines, thereby illustrating the real-world relevance of best-practice Hilbert space aware approaches to PDE-constrained optimisation problems. Many optimisation problems that arise in a real-world context are constrained by partial differential equations (PDEs). That is, the system whose configuration is to be optimised follows physical laws given by PDEs. This book describes general Hilbert space formulations of optimisation algorithms, thereby facilitating optimisations whose controls are functions of space. It demonstrates the importance of methods that respect the Hilbert space structure of the problem by analysing the mathematical drawbacks of failing to do so. The approaches considered are illustrated using the optimisation problem arising in tidal array layouts mentioned above. This book will be useful to readers from engineering, computer science, mathematics and physics backgrounds interested in PDE-constrained optimisation and their real-world applications.
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