Tirthankar Roy's Books

A Business History of India

Enterprise and the Emergence of Capitalism from 1700

By: Tirthankar Roy

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A Business History of India

Enterprise and the Emergence of Capitalism from 1700

By: Tirthankar Roy

In recent decades, private investment has led to an economic resurgence in India. But this is not the first time the region has witnessed impressive business growth. There have been many similar stories over the past 300 years. India's economic history shows that capital was relatively expensive. How, then, did capitalism flourish in the region? How did companies and entrepreneurs deal with the shortage of key resources? Has there been a common pattern in responses to these issues over the centuries? Through detailed case studies of firms, entrepreneurs, and business commodities, Tirthankar Roy answers these questions. Roy bridges the approaches of business and economic history, illustrating the development of a distinctive regional capitalism. On each occasion of growth, connections with the global economy helped firms and entrepreneurs better manage risks. Making these deep connections between India's economic past and present shows why history matters in its remaking of capitalism today.

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314

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1316953262

ISBN 13

9781316953266

How British Rule Changed India’s Economy

The Paradox of the Raj

By: Tirthankar Roy

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How British Rule Changed India’s Economy

The Paradox of the Raj

By: Tirthankar Roy

This Palgrave Pivot revisits the topic of how British colonialism moulded work and life in India and what kind of legacy it left behind. Did British rule lead to India’s impoverishment, economic disruption and famine? Under British rule, evidence suggests there were beneficial improvements, with an eventual rise in life expectancy and an increase in wealth for some sectors of the population and economy, notably for much business and industry. Yet many poor people suffered badly, with agricultural stagnation and an underfunded government who were too small to effect general improvements. In this book Roy explains the paradoxical combination of wealth and poverty, looking at both sides of nineteenth century capitalism. Between 1850 and 1930, India was engaged in a globalization process not unlike the one it has seen since the 1990s. The difference between these two times is that much of the region was under British colonial rule during the first episode, while it was an independent nation state during the second. Roy's narrative has a contemporary relevance for emerging economies, where again globalization has unleashed extraordinary levels of capitalistic energy while leaving many livelihoods poor, stagnant, and discontented.

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167

Publisher

Springer

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030177084

ISBN 13

9783030177089

An Economic History of India 1707–1857

By: Tirthankar Roy

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An Economic History of India 1707–1857

By: Tirthankar Roy

This new edition of An Economic History of Early Modern India extends the timespan of the analysis to incorporate further research. This allows for a more detailed discussion of the rise of the British Empire in South Asia and gives a fuller context for the historiography. In the years between the death of the emperor Aurangzeb (1707) and the Great Rebellion (1857), the Mughal Empire and the states that rose from its ashes declined in wealth and power, and a British Empire emerged in South Asia. This book asks three key questions about the transition. Why did it happen? What did it mean? How did it shape economic change? The book shows that during these years, a merchant-friendly regime among warlord-ruled states emerged and state structure transformed to allow taxes and military capacity to be held by one central power, the British East India Company. The author demonstrates that the fall of warlord-ruled states and the empowerment of the merchant, in consequence, shaped the course of Indian and world economic history. Reconstructing South Asia’s transition, starting with the Mughal Empire’s collapse and ending with the great rebellion of 1857, this book is the first systematic account of the economic history of early modern India. It is an essential reference for students and scholars of Economics and South Asian History.

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241

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1000436071

ISBN 13

9781000436075

An Economic History of India 1707–1857

By: Tirthankar Roy

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An Economic History of India 1707–1857

By: Tirthankar Roy

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241

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Routledge

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1000436071

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9781000436075

The East India Company

The World’s Most Powerful Corporation

By: Tirthankar Roy

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The East India Company

The World’s Most Powerful Corporation

By: Tirthankar Roy

This groundbreaking study examines how the East India Company founded an empire in India at the same time it started losing ground in business. For over 200 years, the Company’s vast business network had spanned Persia, India, China, Indonesia and North America. But in the late 1700s, its career took a dramatic turn, and it ended up being an empire builder. In this fascinating account, Tirthankar Roy reveals how the Company’s trade with India changed it—and how the Company changed Indian business. Fitting together many pieces of a vast jigsaw puzzle, the book explores how politics meshed so closely with the conduct of business then, and what that tells us about doing business now. ‘One of the first major attempts to tell the company’s story from an Indian business perspective’—Financial Express

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187

Publisher

Penguin UK

Published Date

ISBN 10

8184756135

ISBN 13

9788184756135

The Economic History of India, 1857–2010

By: Tirthankar Roy

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The Economic History of India, 1857–2010

By: Tirthankar Roy

From the end of the eighteenth century, two distinct global processes began to transform livelihoods and living conditions in the South Asia region. These were the rise of British colonial rule and globalization, that is, the integration of the region in the emerging world markets for goods, capital, and labour services. Two hundred years later, India was the home to many of the world's poorest people as well as one of the fastest growing market economies in the world. Does a study of the past help to explain the paradox of growth amidst poverty? The Economic History of India: 1857–2010 claims that the roots of this paradox go back to India's colonial past, when internal factors like geography and external forces like globalization and imperial rule created prosperity in some areas and poverty in others. Looking at the recent scholarship in this area, this revised edition covers new subjects like environment and princely states. The author sets out the key questions that a study of long-run economic change in India should begin with and shows how historians have answered these questions and where the gaps remain.

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404

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Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0190992034

ISBN 13

9780190992033

Monsoon Economies

India's History in a Changing Climate

By: Tirthankar Roy

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Monsoon Economies

India's History in a Changing Climate

By: Tirthankar Roy

How interventions to mitigate climate-caused poverty and inequality in India came at a cost to environmental sustainability. In the monsoon regions of South Asia, the rainy season sustains life but brings with it the threat of floods, followed by a long stretch of the year when little gainful work is possible and the threat of famine looms. Beginning in the late nineteenth century, a series of interventions by Indian governments and other actors mitigated these conditions, enabling agricultural growth, encouraging urbanization, and bringing about a permanent decrease in death rates. But these actions—largely efforts to ensure wider access to water—came at a cost to environmental sustainability. In Monsoon Economies, Tirthankar Roy explores the interaction between the environment and the economy in the emergence of modern India. Roy argues that the tropical monsoon climate makes economic and population growth contingent on water security. But in a water-scarce world, the means used to increase water security not only created environmental stresses but also made political conflict more likely. Roy investigates famine relief, the framing of a seasonal “water famine,” and the concept of public trust in water; the political movements that challenged socially sanctioned forms of deprivation; water as a public good; water quality in cities; the shift from impounding river water in dams and reservoirs to exploring groundwater; the seasonality of a monsoon economy; and economic lessons from India for a world facing environmental degradation.

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231

Publisher

MIT Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0262369273

ISBN 13

9780262369275

The Economic History of Colonialism

By: Leigh Gardner,Tirthankar Roy

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The Economic History of Colonialism

By: Leigh Gardner,Tirthankar Roy

Debates about the origins and effects of European rule in the non-European world have animated the field of economic history since the 1850s. This pioneering text provides a concise and accessible resource that introduces key readings, builds connections between ideas and helps students to develop informed views of colonialism as a force in shaping the modern world. With special reference to European colonialism of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in both Asia and Africa, this book: • critically reviews the literature on colonialism and economic growth; • covers a range of different methods of analysis; • offers a comparative approach, as opposed to a collection of regional histories, deftly weaving together different themes. With debates around globalization, migration, global finance and environmental change intensifying, this authoritative account of the relationship between colonialism and economic development makes an invaluable contribution to several distinct literatures in economic history.

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244

Publisher

Policy Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1529207665

ISBN 13

9781529207668

Law and the Economy in a Young Democracy

India 1947 and Beyond

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

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Law and the Economy in a Young Democracy

India 1947 and Beyond

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

An essential history of India's economic growth since 1947, including the legal reforms that have shaped the country in the shadow of colonial rule. Economists have long lamented how the inefficiency of India's legal system undermines the country’s economic capacity. How has this come to be? The prevailing explanation is that the postcolonial legal system is understaffed and under-resourced, making adjudication and contract enforcement slow and costly. Taking this as given, Law and the Economy in a Young Democracy examines the contents and historical antecedents of these laws, including how they have stifled economic development. Economists Roy and Swamy argue that legal evolution in independent India has been shaped by three factors: the desire to reduce inequality and poverty; the suspicion that market activity, both domestic and international, can be detrimental to these goals; and the strengthening of Indian democracy over time, giving voice to a growing fraction of society, including the poor. Weaving the story of India's heralded economic transformation with its social and political history, Roy and Swamy show how inadequate legal infrastructure has been a key impediment to the country's economic growth during the last century. A stirring and authoritative history of a nation rife with contradictions, Law and the Economy in a Young Democracy is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand India's current crossroads—and the factors that may keep its dreams unrealized.

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309

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University of Chicago Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

022679914X

ISBN 13

9780226799148

The Economy of South Asia

From 1950 to the Present

By: Tirthankar Roy

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The Economy of South Asia

From 1950 to the Present

By: Tirthankar Roy

This book explores the historical roots of rapid economic growth in South Asia, with reference to politics, markets, resources, and the world economy. Roy posits that, after an initial slow period of growth between 1950 and the 1980s, the region has been growing rapidly and fast catching up with the world on average levels of living. Why did this turnaround happen? Does it matter? Is it sustainable? The author answers these questions by drawing connections, comparisons, and parallels between the five large countries in the region: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. It shows why, despite differences in political experience between these countries, similarities in resources and markets could produce similar trajectories. Home to a fifth of the world’s population, South Asia’s transformation has the power to change the world. Most accounts of the process focus on individual nations, but by breaking out of that mould, Roy takes on the region as a whole, and delivers a radical new interpretation of why the economy of South Asia is changing so fast.

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356

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Springer

Published Date

ISBN 10

3319547208

ISBN 13

9783319547206

Law and the Economy in Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

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Law and the Economy in Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

By accessibly recounting and analyzing the unique experience of institutions in colonial Indiawhich were influenced heavily by both British Common Law and indigenous Indian practices and traditionsLaw and the Economy in Colonial India sheds new light on what exactly fosters the types of institutions that have been key to economic development throughout world history more generally. The culmination and years of research, the book goes through a range of examples, including textiles, opium, tea, indigo, tenancy, credit, and land mortgage, to show how economic laws in colonial India were shaped neither by imported European ideas about how colonies should be ruled nor indigenous institutions, but by the practice of producing and trading. The book is an essential addition to Indian history and to some of the most fundamental questions in economic history.

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253

Publisher

University of Chicago Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

022638764X

ISBN 13

9780226387642

Social Movements, Media and Civil Society in Contemporary India

Historical Trajectories of Public Protest and Political Mobilisation

By: Anindya Sekhar Purakayastha,Manas Dutta,Tirthankar Ghosh

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Social Movements, Media and Civil Society in Contemporary India

Historical Trajectories of Public Protest and Political Mobilisation

By: Anindya Sekhar Purakayastha,Manas Dutta,Tirthankar Ghosh

This book examines instances of transformative dissent, turning points or shifts in popular mobilisation patterns in contemporary India, while adopting a historical approach and analysing past events. Exploring the different continuities and discontinuities in mobilising patterns and dissident agency in India, the authors present a heterogeneous insurrectional pattern that pivoted around issues of caste, class, religion, land reform, labour, taxation and territorial control, with anti-colonialism movements becoming prominent in the first half of the twentieth century. The authors move beyond this to explore more recent templates of mobilisation which surfaced towards the end of the twentieth century, during India’s liberalisation period. With growing marketisation and technological advancement, unprecedented changes in social relations, growing economic opportunities and cultural transfusion taking place, the country became a ‘New India’ - one which aspired to be a global player in the wider technological public sphere. Tracing the historical trajectories of social movements in India, this book examines recent trends in digitised dissidence and explores new frontiers of protests, providing fresh insights for those researching the history of social movements, South Asian and Indian history and postcolonial studies.

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211

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030940403

ISBN 13

9783030940409

The East India Company

The World’s Most Powerful Corporation

By: Tirthankar Roy

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The East India Company

The World’s Most Powerful Corporation

By: Tirthankar Roy

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187

Publisher

Penguin UK

Published Date

ISBN 10

8184756135

ISBN 13

9788184756135

A Business History of India

Enterprise and the Emergence of Capitalism from 1700

By: Tirthankar Roy

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A Business History of India

Enterprise and the Emergence of Capitalism from 1700

By: Tirthankar Roy

Studying firms and entrepreneurs over three centuries, this book unravels the historical roots of the impressive business growth witnessed in contemporary India.

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313

Published Date

ISBN 10

1107186927

ISBN 13

9781107186927

India in the World Economy

From Antiquity to the Present

By: Tirthankar Roy

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India in the World Economy

From Antiquity to the Present

By: Tirthankar Roy

This enthralling book offers a new approach to Indian economic history, placing trade and mercantile activity in the region within a global framework.

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303

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1107009103

ISBN 13

9781107009103

Monsoon Economy

The Price of Conquering Nature

By: Tirthankar Roy

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Monsoon Economy

The Price of Conquering Nature

By: Tirthankar Roy

In the monsoon regions of South Asia, the rainy season sustains life but brings with it the threat of floods, followed by a long stretch when little gainful work is possible and the threat of famine looms too. Beginning in the late nineteenth century, a series of interventions by the Indian government and other actors mitigated these conditions, thus enabling agricultural growth, encouraging urbanization and bringing about a permanent decrease in death rates. But these actions—largely efforts to ensure wider access to water—came at a cost to environmental sustainability. In Monsoon Economy, Tirthankar Roy explores the interaction between the environment and the economy in the emergence of modern India. Roy argues that the tropical monsoon climate makes economic and population growth contingent on water security. But in a water-scarce world, the means used to increase water security not only created environmental stresses but also made political conflict more likely. Highlighting the importance of water as a public good, the author critically analyses issues such as water quality in cities, the shift from impounding river water in dams and reservoirs to exploring groundwater, and the seasonality of a monsoon economy. He also draws economic lessons from India for a world facing environmental degradation.

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214

Publisher

Penguin Random House India Private Limited

Published Date

ISBN 10

9357089144

ISBN 13

9789357089142

The Economy of South Asia

From 1950 to the Present

By: Tirthankar Roy

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The Economy of South Asia

From 1950 to the Present

By: Tirthankar Roy

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356

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Springer

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3319547208

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9783319547206

Traditional Industry in the Economy of Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy

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Traditional Industry in the Economy of Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy

The majority of workers in South Asia are employed in industries that rely on manual labour and craft skills. Some of these industries have existed for centuries and survived great changes in consumption and technology over the last 150 years. In earlier studies, historians of the region focused on mechanized rather than craft industries, arguing that traditional manufacturing was destroyed or devitalized during the colonial period, and that modern industry is substantially different. Exploring new material from research into five traditional industries, Tirthankar Roy s book contests these notions, demonstrating that while traditional industry did evolve during the Industrial Revolution, these transformations had a positive rather than destructive effect on manufacturing generally. In fact, the book suggests, the major industries in post-independence India were shaped by such transformations. Tirthankar Roy s book offers new and penetrating insights into India s economic and social history.

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276

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0521650127

ISBN 13

9780521650120

The Crafts and Capitalism

Handloom Weaving Industry in Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy

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The Crafts and Capitalism

Handloom Weaving Industry in Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy

This book presents a comprehensive history of handloom weaving industry in India to challenge and revise the view that competition from machine-produced textiles destroyed the country’s handicrafts as claimed by historians until recently. It shows that skill-intensive handmade textiles survived the competition on a large scale, and that handmade goods and high-quality manual labour played a positive role in the making of modern India. Rich in archival material, The Crafts and Capitalism explores themes such as the historiography of craft technologies; statistical work on nineteenth-century cotton cloth production trends; narratives of merchants, the social leaders, the factory-owners; tools and techniques; and, shift from handloom to power loom. The book argues that changes in the handloom industry were central to the consolidation of new forms of capitalism in India. An important intervention in Indian economic history, this book will be useful to scholars and researchers of Indian history, economic history, colonial history, modern history, political history, labour history and political economy. It will also interest nongovernmental organizations, textile historians, and design specialists.

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189

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Published Date

ISBN 10

1000024695

ISBN 13

9781000024692

Rethinking Economic Change in India

Labour and Livelihood

By: Tirthankar Roy

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Rethinking Economic Change in India

Labour and Livelihood

By: Tirthankar Roy

As author of the hugely influential The Economic History of India 1857-1947, Tirthankar Roy has established himself as the leading contemporary economic historian of India. Here, Roy turns his attention to labour and livelihood and the nature of economic change in the Subcontinent. This book covers: economic history of modern India rural labour labour-intensive industrialization women and industrialization. Challenging the prevailing wisdom on Indian economic growth - that it is bound up with Marxian, postcolonial class analysis - Roy formulates a new view. Commercialization, surplus labour and uncertainty are seen as equally important and the end result reconciles the increasingly opposed view of economists and historians.

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267

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1134270658

ISBN 13

9781134270651

Traditional Industry in the Economy of Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy

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Traditional Industry in the Economy of Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy

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276

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0521650127

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9780521650120

Monsoon Economy

The Price of Conquering Nature

By: Tirthankar Roy

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Monsoon Economy

The Price of Conquering Nature

By: Tirthankar Roy

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214

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Penguin Random House India Private Limited

Published Date

ISBN 10

9357089144

ISBN 13

9789357089142

The Reserve Bank of India: Volume 5

Volume 5, 1997–2008

By: Tirthankar Roy

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The Reserve Bank of India: Volume 5

Volume 5, 1997–2008

By: Tirthankar Roy

The fifth volume on the history of the Reserve Bank of India covers the years from 1997–98 to 2007–08. During this period, it introduced key institutional and financial market reforms in a rapidly changing economic environment and facilitated faster integration of the Indian economy. The Bank rationalised and introduced innovative instruments of monetary control; strengthened regulatory and supervisory processes for both banking and non-banking sectors; adjusted its approach to achieve and sustain financial stability; focussed on building financial market institutions and infrastructure; and spurred legal and other amendments in the larger public interest as also for achieving flexibility with stability in the economy. It also worked to improve the rural credit system, financial inclusion and customer protection. This volume is a narrative history of the Bank and also a rich resource for understanding how an emerging market central bank manages change and shapes the economy to face future challenges.

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788

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1009276239

ISBN 13

9781009276238

The Economic History of India, 1857–2010

By: Tirthankar Roy

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The Economic History of India, 1857–2010

By: Tirthankar Roy

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404

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Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0190992034

ISBN 13

9780190992033

Monsoon Economies

India's History in a Changing Climate

By: Tirthankar Roy

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Monsoon Economies

India's History in a Changing Climate

By: Tirthankar Roy

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231

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MIT Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0262543583

ISBN 13

9780262543583

Natural Disasters and Indian History

Oxford India Short Introductions

By: Tirthankar Roy

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Natural Disasters and Indian History

Oxford India Short Introductions

By: Tirthankar Roy

Providing a social and economic history of natural disasters in India, this short and exploratory work uncovers the silent processes behind relief and rebuilding. Using some of the major floods, earthquakes, and famines that took place between 1770 and 1935 as case studies, the author shows how disasters are not just devastating events but also enable new understandings of nature, state, and society.

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Page Count

180

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OUP India

Published Date

ISBN 10

0198075375

ISBN 13

9780198075370

Law and the Economy in a Young Democracy

India 1947 and Beyond

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

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Law and the Economy in a Young Democracy

India 1947 and Beyond

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

Tirthankar Roy and Anand V. Swamy trace India's economic growth since 1947 and the legal reforms that have allowed it to settle in, however unevenly and tenuously, in the shadow of the stagnating effects of colonial rule. Law and the Economy in a Young Democracy portrays a long shadow of Indian "path dependence"-the persistence of colonial-era legal practices and institutions-interrupted by a series of reactive, dramatic departures from colonial inertia aimed at achieving quick or corrective growth and regulation. Roy and Swamy address five principal questions: How have new laws emerged in India? Does the explanation lie with colonialism or with post-independence politics and economic change? How were laws shaped by egalitarian goals in the Indian democracy with its universal adult suffrage? When did laws constrain economic growth? And to what extent did case law and legislation affect the evolution of law, which was also shaped by politics and the quality of legal infrastructure? Each of these questions brings together different threads of India's economic transformation and social/political history, and the format allows the authors to go deep on the country's most important market sectors and their surrounding economic and political histories. These sections include: colonialist influences on laws governing land and natural resources; politics and labor; and the alternating stifling effects of the country's economic policies and legal systems. In Roy and Swamy's telling, inadequate legal infrastructure has often been the country's primary impediment to economic growth during the last century, and it remains a primary reason that India's future may not be as bright as advertised"--

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309

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University of Chicago Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

022679900X

ISBN 13

9780226799001

Law and the Economy in Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

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Law and the Economy in Colonial India

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

Since the economic reforms of the 1990s, India’s economy has grown rapidly. To sustain growth and foreign investment over the long run requires a well-developed legal infrastructure for conducting business, including cheap and reliable contract enforcement and secure property rights. But it’s widely acknowledged that India’s legal infrastructure is in urgent need of reform, plagued by problems, including slow enforcement of contracts and land laws that differ from state to state. How has this situation arisen, and what can boost business confidence and encourage long-run economic growth? Tirthankar Roy and Anand V. Swamy trace the beginnings of the current Indian legal system to the years of British colonial rule. They show how India inherited an elaborate legal system from the British colonial administration, which incorporated elements from both British Common Law and indigenous institutions. In the case of property law, especially as it applied to agricultural land, indigenous laws and local political expediency were more influential in law-making than concepts borrowed from European legal theory. Conversely, with commercial law, there was considerable borrowing from Europe. In all cases, the British struggled with limited capacity to enforce their laws and an insufficient knowledge of the enormous diversity and differentiation within Indian society. A disorderly body of laws, not conducive to production and trade, evolved over time. Roy and Swamy’s careful analysis not only sheds new light on the development of legal institutions in India, but also offers insights for India and other emerging countries through a look at what fosters the types of institutions that are key to economic growth.

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253

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University of Chicago Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

022638778X

ISBN 13

9780226387789

Law and the Economy in India

Before Independence and After

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

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Law and the Economy in India

Before Independence and After

By: Tirthankar Roy,Anand V. Swamy

Law matters for economic development, but where does it come from? And through what mechanisms does it affect different parts of the economy? In this insightful volume Tirthankar Roy and Anand V. Swamy start in the late eighteenth century, tracing the evolution of the British-Indian legal system as it emerged in the service of a cautious and self-serving colonial regime. They show that British-Indian law was designed to facilitate tax collection, permit international trade, and, above all, keep the regime in place. Since independence the Indian state has been much more confident and ambitious, seeking economic growth, equity, and poverty reduction. Therefore, it has also been far more interventionist, in policy and in law. Roy and Swamy have put together this entire two-hundred-fifty-year legal and economic history in a single narrative, for the first time, offering a unique perspective on the challenges of today.

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Page Count

422

Publisher

Harper Collins

Published Date

ISBN 10

9362131927

ISBN 13

9789362131928

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