Does transportation affect the lives of minority, low-income, elderly, and physically disabled citizens? The answer is yes, and those effects can be profound, according to The Right to Transportation. The authors argue that transportation policies can limit access to education, jobs, and services for some individuals while undermining the economy and social cohesion of entire communities. Policies that have nurtured the U.S. highway system and let public transportation wither have also led to ghettos and social isolation. More and more communities are recognizing the problem. This book explains the strategies and policies that can address inequities in the nation's transportation and transportation planning systems so that the benefits and burdens of those systems can be shared equally across all communities. With a close examination of how transportation policies affect individuals and communities, the book is a guide to transportation fairness. It explains the demographic trends, historical events, and current policies that have shaped transportation in the U.S. and offers recommendations for moving to equity.
Discourse on the Move is the first book-length exploration of how corpus-based methods can be used for discourse analysis, applied to the description of discourse organization. The primary goal is to bring these two analytical perspectives together: undertaking a detailed discourse analysis of each individual text, but doing so in terms that can be generalized across all texts of a corpus. The book explores two major approaches to this task: ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’. In the ‘top-down’ approach, the functional components of a genre are determined first, and then all texts in a corpus are analyzed in terms of those components. In contrast, textual components emerge from the corpus analysis in the bottom-up approach, and the discourse organization of individual texts is then analyzed in terms of linguistically-defined textual categories. Both approaches are illustrated through case studies of discourse structure in particular genres: fund-raising letters, biology/biochemistry research articles, and university classroom teaching.
The cerebello-pontine angle has always posed a challenge to the neurosurgeon, the otoneurosurgeon, and the neuroradiologist. Angle masses which are very small and difficult to detect frequently produce symptoms, but may remain silent while growing to exceptional size. The neuroradiologist must have firm knowl edge of the clinical manifestations of the diverse angle lesions in order to tailor his studies to the patients' needs. The majority of angle lesions are benign; thus successful surgery has the potential for complete cure. Angle lesions typically arise in conjunction with vital neurovascular structures, and often displace these away from their expected positions. Large lesions may attenuate the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves and thin them over their dome. Since the nerves often remain functional, the surgeon then faces the need to separate the tumor from the contiguous nerve, with preservation of neurological function. Depending on the exact location and extension of the lesion, resection may best be attempted via otologic or neurosurgical approaches. The neuroradiologist must determine - precisely -the presence, site, size, and extension( s) of the lesion and the displacement of vital neurovascular structures as a guide to selecting the line of surgical attack. Since the arteries, veins, and nerves that traverse the angle are fine structures, the neuroradiologist must perform studies of the highest quality to do his job effectively.
Pediatric Exercise Medicine: From Physiologic Principles to Healthcare Application draws from the most current research activity in the area to examine physical activity as a prerequisite to the good health and physical performance of children. The book also considers the effects of lack of exercise on children and the relevance of exercise to clinical pediatrics for children with chronic diseases. While Pediatric Exercise Medicine: From Physiologic Principles to Healthcare Application emphasizes clinically related issues, it provides comprehensive coverage of the child-exercise-health triad of importance to all professionals serving young people. The text identifies current research in the area of pediatric exercise. It also helps the reader to compare the exercise responses of healthy children to the responses of children with clinical impairments. In turn, readers will recognize the factors that can influence children's activity behavior, trainability, and performance. The book contains three chapters related to the normal physiological and perceptual exercise responses of the healthy child. The next nine chapters consider the effects of exercise on children with clinical impairments, including asthma, diabetes, cerebral palsy, and obesity. A special feature is the coverage of children's trainability and the factors that can influence performance. The information, including environmental stressors on children, will be of interest to scholars and students as well as to coaches working in this area. The book also has these features: -Extensive graphic interpretation of the data--more than 250 illustrations -Helpful reference tables -Six appendixes on normative data, methods, energy-equivalent tables for different activities, scaling for body size, and a glossary of terms. In Pediatric Exercise Medicine: From Physiologic Principles to Healthcare Application, you'll find content you can apply in your daily work as a therapist, exercise scientist, physician, or other professional. You'll also find evidence-based rationale for the need for physical activity as a preventive measure and treatment of disease in children.
Heart disease is currently the leading cause of maternal mortality in developed countries and is expected to increase further due to advanced maternal age and conditions such as type 2 diabetes. Maternal Cardiac Care: A Guide to Managing Pregnant Women with Heart Disease is an up-to-date, multidisciplinary resource for physicians and advanced practice nurses caring for pregnant patients with a variety of preexisting and emerging cardiac issues. - Offers comprehensive information on caring for women with heart disease, in an easy-to-follow, quick-access format. - Shares knowledge from a multidisciplinary group of experts who are well versed in the team approach needed to treat this high-risk patient population. - Includes extensive references for readers who want to delve more deeply into specific subjects. - Ideal for obstetricians, internists, cardiologists, critical care specialists, and advanced practice nurses involved in caring for pregnant patients, as well as institutions and departments that need detailed guidance on establishing a maternal cardiac care program.
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