Zakim and Boyer's Hepatology-the defining work in hepatology-presents comprehensive coverage of both basic science and clinically relevant developments so you can provide the best possible patient care. Drs. Thomas Boyer, Michael Manns, and Arun Sanyal have reorganized and updated the contents of this trusted global reference to reflect today's more clinical approach to hepatology. They bring you up to date on hot topics including HIV Co-Infection Drug Toxicity, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), and much more. This new streamlined edition is now a single volume with access to the fully searchable contents and an image bank online at www.expertconsult.com making it easier to find the treatment information you need. Effectively treat all liver diseases currently seen in clinical practice with authoritative guidance from leading international authorities. Reinforce your foundation in basic science with the concise Pathophysiology of Therapeutic Targets section. See clear presentations of liver disease through hundreds of detailed, color illustrations. Explore topics further with up-to-date references that direct you to the significant literature. Access the complete, fully searchable contents of the book online at www.expertconsult.com, along with a downloadable image bank and complete list of references. Stay current on new developments in the field through five new chapters on Pathogenesis Liver Injury in HBV, HCV; HCC; Imaging and Non-Invasive DX Liver Disease CT, US, Fibroscan, MRI; HIV Co-Infection Drug Toxicity; and HBC, HCV in Non-Liver Transplant Patients, plus comprehensive updates throughout. Apply best practices with reorganized and updated content that reflects today's need for a more clinical approach to hepatology. Reference key information more easily thanks to streamlined content that now fits into one volume.
In der folgenden Arbeit stellt der Autor dar, dass jeder Mensch in einer Art Illusion lebt, indem er glaubt, die objektive Realität mit seinen Augen bzw. Sinnen wahrnehmen zu können. Viele Menschen scheinen sich dessen nicht bewusst zu sein und verwechseln die objektive Realität mit der subjektiven. Als Symbole dienen hierbei z. B. visuelle Merkmale (’Schönheitssymbole’), die von einer Gemeinschaft mit Wertungen belegt sind (‘schön’/‘hässlich’) oder auch Objekte, die bestimmte Gefühle auslösen, wie z.B. das Automobil, das gleichbedeutend mit Unabhängigkeit und Individualität ist. Das daraus resultierende ’Weltbild’ beeinflusst nachhaltig unser Urteilsvermögen, was wiederum bedeutet, dass beides voneinander abhängig ist. Genau diese Tatsache wird von den meisten Menschen außer acht gelassen. Der Autor untersucht die Konstruktion von Wirklichkeit durch Sprache anhand der Übersetzung eines Textes vom Englischen ins Deutsche. Im Anhang folgt ein Exkurs zur Hirnforschung, der nachträglich hinzugefügt wurde und die zuvor erläuterten Untersuchungsergebnisse stützt.
This book provides up-to-date coverage of fossil plants from Precambrian life to flowering plants, including fungi and algae. It begins with a discussion of geologic time, how organisms are preserved in the rock record, and how organisms are studied and interpreted and takes the student through all the relevant uses and interpretations of fossil plants. With new chapters on additional flowering plant families, paleoecology and the structure of ancient plant communities, fossil plants as proxy records for paleoclimate, new methodologies used in phylogenetic reconstruction and the addition of new fossil plant discoveries since 1993, this book provides the most comprehensive account of the geologic history and evolution of microbes, algae, fungi, and plants through time. - Major revision of a 1993 classic reference - Lavishly illustrated with 1,800 images and user friendly for use by paleobotanists, biologists, geologists and other related scientists - Includes an expanded glossary with an extensive up-to-date bibliography and a comprehensive index - Provides extensive coverage of fungi and other microbes, and major groups of land plants both living and extinct
Metaphysics and Mystery: The Why Question East and West is a critical analysis, comparison, and evaluation of philosophical answers, Western and Asian, to the question “Why is there something rather than nothing?” The question, first posed by the seventeenth-century philosopher Leibniz, was reintroduced in the twentieth century by Heidegger. Volume 1 begins with an introduction that lays out the issues raised by the why question. It then analyzes contemporary Western philosophers who provide either cosmological-metaphysical or existential-ontological answers to the question. It also considers transitional answers that bridge the two. Volume 2 examines Asian philosophers, classical and contemporary, who, though rejecting the assumptions behind the question, put forward nondualist answers that have a direct bearing on it. It concludes with an argument for a revised understanding of the why question that draws on the strengths and weaknesses of these Western and Asian philosophies and explores implications for ethics and religious thought.
The division of Germany separated a nation, divided communities, and inevitably shaped the life histories of those growing up in the socialist dictatorship of the East and the liberal democracy of the West. This peculiarly German experience of the Cold War is usually viewed through the lens of divided Berlin or other border communities. What has been much less explored, however, is what division meant to the millions of Germans in the East and West who lived far away from the Wall and the centres of political power. This volume is the first comparative study to examine how villagers in both Germanies dealt with the imposition of two very different systems in their everyday lives. Focusing on two villages, Neukirch (Lausitz) in Saxony and Ebersbach an der Fils in Baden-Württemberg, it explores how local residents experienced and navigated social change in their localities in the postwar era. Based on a wide range of archival sources as well as oral history interviews, the work argues that there are parallel histories of responses to social change among villagers in postwar Germany. Despite the different social, political, and economic developments, the residents of both localities desired rural modernisation, lamented the loss of 'community', and became politically active to control the transformation of their localities. The work thereby offers a bottom-up history of divided Germany which shows how individuals on both sides of the Wall gave local meaning to large-scale processes of change.
A History of the German Language Through Texts examines the evolution of German, from the Early Medieval period to the present day. Written in a lively and accessible style, the book looks at the history of German through a wide range of texts, from medical, legal and scientific writing to literature, everyday newspapers and adverts. All texts are translated and accompanied by commentaries. The book also offers a glossary of technical terms and abbreviations, a summary of the main changes in each historical period, a guide to reference material, and suggestions for further reading. A History of the German Language Through Texts is essential reading for students of German, Linguistics or Philology.
This volume presents the latest research in the broad field of the chemical senses from the International Symposium on Olfaction and Taste. This field includes not only the obvious senses of taste and smell but also chemical irritation and related sensations. Scientists investigate the mechanisms and functions of the chemical senses in the oral and nasal cavity as well as in the viscera including the gut and airways. This volume takes an integrative approach and provides historical context for modern research in the field. NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit http://www.nyas.org/MemberCenter/Join.aspx for more information about becoming a member.
Originally called mad-doctoring, psychiatry began in the seventeenth century with the establishing of madhouses and the legal empowering of doctors to incarcerate persons denominated as insane. Until the end of the nineteenth century, every relationship between psychiatrist and patient was based on domination and coercion, as between master and slave. Psychiatry, its emblem the state mental hospital, was a part of the public sphere, the sphere of coercion.The advent of private psychotherapy, at the end of the nineteenth century, split psychiatry in two: some patients continued to be the involuntary inmates of state hospitals; others became the voluntary patients of privately practicing psychotherapists. Psychotherapy was officially defined as a type of medical treatment, but actually was a secular-medical version of the cure of souls. Relationships between therapist and patient, Thomas Szasz argues, was based on cooperation and contract, as is relationships between employer and employee, or, between clergyman and parishioner. Psychotherapy, its emblem the therapist's office, was a part of the private sphere, the contract.Through most of the twentieth century, psychiatry was a house divided-half-slave, and half-free. During the past few decades, psychiatry became united again: all relations between psychiatrists and patients, regardless of the nature of the interaction between them, are now based on actual or potential coercion. This situation is the result of two major ""reforms"" that deprive therapist and patient alike of the freedom to contract with one another: Therapists now have a double duty: they must protect all mental patients-involuntary and voluntary, hospitalized or outpatient, incompetent or competent-from themselves. They must also protect the public from all patients.Persons designated as mental patients may be exempted from responsibility for the deleterious consequences of their own behavior if it is attributed to mental illne
This is a novel, not a text book, although the reader may like to use some of the content of this book for German language teaching or learning. This is a novel that is intended to serve a dual purpose: For reading pleasure and for picking up and/or boosting one’s existing knowledge of German. The book should be read chapter by chapter, starting from Part I all the way to the end of Part II, as the story and the progression of the language instruction and discussion follow a linear thread. As far as the story goes, the reader will find the two main characters, William and Becky from Hong Kong, both college students who have just completed their first year of a degree programme and are now on exchange to University of Freiburg in Germany for a semester – August to December, which eventually turns out to be a bit longer, extending to end of February. This is part of an internationalization programme that they are going through and capitalizing on. On arrival in Germany their first stop is not Freiburg, but Staufen – a small town tucked dreamily away from the main tourist route, about 80 kilometres from Freiburg. Staufen is famous for its beautiful landscape, situated in Schwarzwald (Black Forest, remember the cake?) close to the French and Swiss borders, for its mediaeval atmosphere (nicknamed Faust-Stadt), for its friendly inhabitants and above all for showing the world how a serious attempt to do good may turn into a disaster (more on this as we move along). Why are William and Becky coming to Staufen, and not going to Freiburg directly? Staufen is the place where their CRASH GERMAN COURSE will be run by the Goethe-Institut there. Staufen is an ideal place for learning German and coming to grips with the basics of the language as they settle in and adapt to the lifestyle and condition there. We will follow William and Becky in the story, as they sojourn and study at this famous key university in Baden-Württemberg. At Universität Freiburg they will learn and experience a lot about Germany and her culture: music, visual art, architecture, literature, philosophy, science and technology, and of course LIFE in general and the German higher education system and the romantic surrounding countryside. Their firsthand experience will become ours too, and we will master German as we go along. And it will not just be about Germany either, because William and Becky will take short trips to France, Switzerland and Austria over the weekend and on public holidays, to get to know Europe a bit more within their limited time over there. Naturally, we will go with them to these places too. As Part II unfolds it will become clear that emphasis is placed on what is called a DIY-Approach to teaching and learning German at a bit more advanced level, which it is hoped that similar or comparable attempts may be made by the reader to intensify his or her grasp of the language in a way that will prove profitable and enjoyable to himself or herself. William and Becky and all the other classmates on the course taught by Frau Frieda, who turns out as the novel progresses to be a very human and understanding if at the same time disciplined and strict teacher, really go out of their way to complete each DIY-task assigned by Frieda. Naturally, these young people wouldn’t be able to sustain without entertainment or relaxation measures, and the teacher understands this very well. And so they are led to sing evergreen songs in German together with their teacher, who is gradually turning more into a friend than just a teacher and speaks her mind candidly to them on the day just before departure. This novel has evolved from an earlier version of a novel-textbook that I wrote to help my students to achieve a reasonable grasp of German within a reasonably short time, with relative ease and some pleasure in the learning while evoking a sense of accomplishment in the process. At the same time, I tried to cultivate in my students on the course an appreciation of the culture and arts of the German-speaking countries. I hope to be able to achieve a similar result in this novel. To help the reader to make sense of some of the passages and dialogues in German, a translation of each of these can be found at the Appendix (Anhang) part of the book, in which a pool of useful supplementary learning materials can also be found in the Work Book (Arbeitsheft) for the interested reader to do follow up work.
A just appreciation of any modern European literature is not to be derived from the study of that literature alone. Not one has grown up spontaneously and independently from the soil of the national genius. Some seeds at least have come from elsewhere. Often whole forms of writing have been transplanted bodily. We must particularly recognize these truths when dealing with English literature. The basis of the English mind is chiefly Teutonic, in some measure Celtic. If the English genius had been left to itself, to develop its spiritual and intellectual creations in its own way, English literature would have been a very different thing in both substance and form. But in reality English literary history is the story of the Teutonic and Celtic tendencies “corrected and clarified,” and the Teutonic and Celtic invention immensely assisted, by influences and ideas flowing in from other sources. There have been large ingraftings from other stocks, either partially kindred or altogether alien—from Greeks, Romans, Italians, French, Spaniards, Germans, as well as from Hebrews and other Orientals. All sound study is comparative. We must place other literatures beside our own, if we desire to appraise rightly our national genius, its capacities, and its creations. We find our English writers composing their works in certain forms, and giving expression to a certain range of ideas. How came they to employ these particular forms of creation? How did they arrive at these particular ideas? How is it with other nations? Have they built upon the same lines and with the same materials, or how is it with them? Have we borrowed from them, or they from us? If there have been borrowings, when and in what measure did they occur? Looking back over the changes of spirit and form which our poetry, for example, has undergone, we shall encourage altogether false notions of the causes of such changes, unless we see how, every now and then, a shower of new ideas, a stream of new light, has come in from abroad. Most readers know in some vague way that Chaucer avows or betrays his debts to France and Italy; that Shakespeare did not invent his own plots, but borrowed from Italians, from Plautus, from Plutarch, and others; that Milton was steeped in the Greek, Latin, and Italian classics. But we want to know more than this. We want to perceive with some definiteness how far the whole course of English literature has been enriched by tributary streams, and what sort of waters they brought. It would be instructive to draw a diagram of our literary history; to liken it to the course of a river, and to picture its various fountain-heads and tributaries pouring in their several quotas at their several times. In all modern literatures there is a large proportion which is unoriginal to them. Milton has been mentioned already. Those who read only English works find Milton full of nobility of thought and imagery. Yet, before Milton produced his greater poems, he had read, re-read, and deliberately steeped himself in, the literature of Greece, Rome, modern Italy, and France. Precisely how much of Milton is made up of Homer, Euripides, Virgil, Dante, Ariosto, and other predecessors, can only be known to such as have those authors at their finger-ends. Shelley, again, is commonly regarded as one of the most daringly original of English writers. Yet Shelley’s mind was an amalgam of himself, Homer, Euripides, Plato, Virgil, Dante, Calderon, Goethe; and this, once more, is but another way of saying that it had incorporated the genius of generations of Greeks, Romans, Spaniards, Italians, and Germans. We cannot therefore arrive at the true genius of Milton or of Shelley, or speak understandingly of their originality, until we have surveyed those other literatures and their relations with our own. Let us, indeed, claim with a proper national pride that the influence of English literature, of our Shakespeare, our Bacon, our Locke, our Byron, upon foreign writers has been profound. Her debt to modern literature has been repaid by England, and, at least in the influence of Shakespeare, more than repaid. But with that question we are not here concerned.
Founded in 1854 as an abolitionist outpost, Lawrence is a seemingly unassuming college town with a long history of hauntings. A ghostly guest never checked out of the Eldridge Hotel's mysterious room 506. Sigma Nu's fraternity house, the former home of Kansas's eighteenth governor, is still haunted by the specter of a young woman. Learn the tragic stories of Pete Vinegar, George Albach and Lizzie Madden and uncover the devilish truth behind the "legend" of Stull Cemetery. Author Paul Thomas reveals the ghoulish history behind these stories and many more.
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