CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 Existing Studies, Theoretical Background, and Study Topic 1. Generation 2. Metrics for Intergenerational Equity 3. Theoretical Background for Identifying Study Topic 4. Study Agenda CHAPTER 3 Linear Simulation Model and Data in National Health Insurance 1. Simplifying Assumption 2. National Health Insurance 3. Data Used for Simulation Model Calculation CHAPTER 4 Analysis Results of Equity Improvements Simulation 1. Analysis Methodology 2. Analysis on Health Insurance Results CHAPTER 5 Conclusion and Policy Implications Reference
CHAPTER 1 Introductiion Section 1. Need and purpose of research Section 2. Scope and content of research CHAPTER 2 Changes in overall conditions in rural aresa Section 1. Changes in demographic composition Section 2. Changes in economic conditions Section 3 Change in levels of health CHAPTER 3 Health care resources in rural communntities Section 1 Health care human resources Section 2 Health care establishments CHAPTER 4 Rural residents’ pattern of medical service usage and their desire for health promotion services Section 1 Summary of the survey Section 2 Survey results CHAPTER 5 Measures to enhance accessibility to health care services for rural residents 1. Setting standards for health care services 2. Building linkage between health care services 3. Participation of residents References
In recent days, there is an active discussion on the size of the social welfare expenditures. We need to evaluate first on the efficiency of current fiscal expenditure, because the source of the government expenditure is mostly financed by tax. Specifically, we need to investigate whether the expenditure properly attain its original objective, the effectiveness of the short- and long-term expenditures, and the appropriateness of the size of the government expenditures. In this research, we investigated the burden of net-tax by income decile group. The net tax is defined as the difference between taxes and benefits. A micro-simulation model for the tax-benefit model is started to be developed with the basis of this research. Major findings can be summarized as follows. The overall average amount of the market income per month is 3,430 thousand Won. The monthly amount for the first income decile is 210 thousand Won, 2,830 Won for the fifth dcecile, and 8,920 thousand Won for the richest decile. Private transfer varies according to the income decile groups. It is 100 thousand Won for the first decile group, 110 thosand Won for the fifth decile group, and 220 thousand Won for the tenth income decile group. On the other hand, the public transfers are heavily concentrated on the lowest income decile group. 380 thousand Won per month for the lowest income decile group. 220 thousand Won for the second lowest income decile group, 130 thousand Won for the third income decile group. For the richest income decile, the amount of the public transfer per month is only 60 thousand Won per month. Thanks to the public transfers, the total income from the lowest income decile group tose to 800 thousand Won, and 1,610 won for the second income decile group. The amount of the public transfer decreases as the income increase, it is clear that the public transfers serve as a useful policy instrument for the income redistribution. Regarding income tax burden, the overall burden per household is 130 thousand Won per household. By income deciile, it is zero or very close to zero for the income decile up to the foth decile group, but the tenth (richest) income decile group paid 400 thousand Won per month. These figures are close to Sung Myong-jae et al. (2010) but slightly lower than those of Park Ki-baek (2010). One reason why we have this kind of result is due to the fact that almost lower half of the workers are not paying income taxes. For the social security burden is concerned, the average burden per month is 350 thousand Won. It is 30 thousand Won for the lowest income decile group, 60 thousand Won for the second decile group, and the highest income decile group pays 420 thousand Won per month. The average magnitude for the disposable income is 3,360 thousand Won per month. It is 750 thousand Won for the lowest income decile, 1,530 thousand Won for the second lowest income decile group, 2,920 thousand Won for the fifth income decile group, and 3,360 thousand Won for the highest income decile group. The overall burden for the value-added tax is 180 thousand Won per month. 80 thousand Won for the lowest income decile group, 110 thousand Won for the second lowest income group, 170 thousand Won for the fifth decile group, and 330 thousand Won for the highest income decile group. The benefit distribution of the in-kind social benefits by decile can be summarized as follows: 320 thousand Won for the lowest income decile group, 290 thousand Won for the second lowest income deciles group, whereas the amount for the fifth income decile and above is 510-570 thousand Won and is quite stable. CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Objevtives and Organization CHAPTER 2 Summary of Previous Literatiure 2.1 Analysis of Pure Public Goods 2.2 Summary of Previous Literature? 2.3 Tax-Benefit Model CHAPTER 3 Data and Methodology 3.1 Analysis of the Distribution of Tax Burden 3.2 Analysis of the Distribution of Benefits CHAPTER 4 Analysis of Net Tax Burden 4.1 Analysis of the Tax Burden by Income Decile 4.2 Progressivity and Horizontal Equity of tax 4.3 Analysis of Net tax Burden CHAPTER 5 Summary and Implications? 5.1 Summary of Findings 5.2 Implications and Future Direction Reference
This study is designed to calculate 'healthy life expectancy' as a health performance index for the development and assessment of Korea's health policies and to present it as the basic data for such purposes. Healthy life expectancy can be estimated in diverse ways. WHO and the OECD have also used various analysis techniques. This study applied WHO's analysis method based on the disability weights of diseases. The analysis system can effectively resolve difficulties in reflecting the quality of life in accordance with the severity of disabilities. To this end, this paper studied a variety of research and methodologies related to the calculation of healthy life expectancy to identify healthy life expectancy for Koreans. Then, presenting a research methodology, it calculated healthy life span in Korea. The last chapter discussed limitations in research and proposed ways to produce better indices in the future. CHAPTER 1 Introduction CHAPTER 2 Preliminary Research CHAPTER 3 Analysis Methods 1. GBD Classification of Diseases for Application of Disability Weights 2. Accompanying Disease-based Adjustment 3. Disability Weight-adjusted Number of Patients by Disease 4. Disability Weight-adjusted Number of Patients by Gender and Age CHAPTER 4 Analysis Results 1. 2011 Healthy Life Expectancy 2. 2010 Healthy Life Expectancy 3. Healthy Life Expectancy: 2010 ~ 2011 CHAPTER 5 Limitations in Research and Conclusion
With the progress of population aging, development of medical technology, increase in life expectancy, changes in life habits, etc., the prevalence of chronic conditions is rising and their burden on individuals and society is growing rapidly(WHO,2011)1). According to a report from OECD (2010), chronic diseases are the main causes for disabilities and deaths throughout the world, as 60% of the global population is estimated to die from chronic diseases. Recently, the concern over prevalence and management of multiple chronic conditions, along with the increase in chronic conditions, is rising (Lenhert et al., 2011). Results from various studies indicate that prevalence of multiple chronic conditions occurs in more than 65% of the elderly aged 65 years or older (Lenhert et al., 2011). In Korea, 68.7% of people in their 50s have at least one chronic disease, and the ratio grows to 83.7% and 91.3% among those in their 60s and 70s, respectively (Young-Ho Jung et al., 2011)2). Among patients who have multiple chronic conditions, those in their 50s have an average of two chronic conditions, whereas those in their 60s have an average of three conditions and those in their 70s have an average of 3.5 chronic conditions (Young-Ho Jung, 2012)3). We can see that the ratios of people who have chronic conditions and multiple chronic conditions rise as they get older, and thus, management of chronic diseases is one of the key policy issues in today's society where population aging is swiftly occurring. However, there has been insufficient research on multiple chronic conditions compared to that on chronic conditions in general. Therefore, it is necessary to facilitate research on and policy attention to multiple chronic conditions. Based on this necessity, the study attempts to promote the understanding of multiple chronic conditions by analyzing the types and distribution of these conditions among the elderly patients who have multiple chronic conditions. Following chapter 1, which provides the introduction, chapter 2 presents the classification of chronic diseases and the concept of multiple chronic conditions. Chapter 3 deals with the distribution of comorbidity of major chronic conditions and use of medical care; in more concrete terms, analysis was made on the comorbidity of hypertension and heart disease, comorbidity of diabetes and heart disease, and comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes. In chapter 4, types and constitution of multiple chronic diseases among the elderly aged 65 or older and their risks were analyzed. In the study, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service's patient sample for 2011 was used for the analysis of multiple chronic conditions, and logistic regression was applied for the risk analysis. The final chapter provides the discussion and conclusion of the study. Contents CHAPTER 1 IntroductionCHAPTER 2 Classification of chronic conditions and concept of multiple chronic conditionsA. Classification of chronic conditionsB. Concept of multiple chronic conditionsCHAPTER 3 Distribution of comorbidity of major chronic conditions and use of medical careA. Comorbidity of hypertension and heart diseaseB. Comorbidity of diabetes and heart diseaseC. Distribution of hypertension and diabetesCHAPTER 4 Types of multiple chronic conditions of the elderlyA. Distribution of chronic conditions among the elderly 65 years of age or olderB. Types and distribution of multiple chronic conditions among the elderly aged or olderC. Analysis of the risks of multiple chronic conditions for the elderlyCHAPTER 5 Discussion and conclusion
CHAPTER 1 Introduction CHAPTER 2 Healthcare & Welfare 3.0 and Big Data 1. Measures to Push Forward Big Data in Healthcare and Welfare 2. Effective Big Data Utilization Measures in Healthcare and Welfare Area CHAPTER 3 Adolescent Suicide Risk Prediction Factors by Using Social Big Data: With Application of Decision Tree of Data Mining 1. Research Methods 2. Research Results 3. Discussion and Policy Proposal 4. Conclusion CHAPTER 4 Predictive Model of Risk Factors by Korean Cyber Bullying Types: With Application of Data Mining Using Social Big Data 1. Research Methods 2. Research Results 3. Conclusion CHAPTER 5 Methods of Social Risk Factors Prediction Utilizing Social Big Data
Over the past few decades, some countries in Asia have been more successful than others in addressing poverty and malnutrition. The key question is what policies, strategies, legislation and institutional arrangements have led to a transformed agricultural sector, effectively contributing to poverty alleviation and addressing malnutrition. The great majority of national policymakers within and outside the Asia-Pacific region are keen to understand the causes of agricultural development and transformation in successful countries in Asia. A large number of studies have been conducted and some of them link specific public policies and interventions to successful agricultural transformation. However, there seems to be lack of focus on the policy, legislative and institutional environments that have enabled or impeded agricultural transformation in Asia. National policymakers are likely to benefit significantly from adequate and convincing information on successful and relevant experiences in successful transformation. Countries are interested in what their neighbours and peers have done, and why some have achieved impressive results. The main purpose of this study is to take stock of public sector experiences in facilitating and enabling agricultural transformation in selected countries in Asia. The study focuses on key public sector interventions, in particular policies, legislation and institutional innovations, because these areas have so far not been adequately researched.
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.