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Biofuels from Algae

Chapter 11. Hydrothermal Upgradation of Algae into Value-added Hydrocarbons

By: Rawel Singh,Thallada Bhaskar,Bhavya Balagurumurthy

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Biofuels from Algae

Chapter 11. Hydrothermal Upgradation of Algae into Value-added Hydrocarbons

By: Rawel Singh,Thallada Bhaskar,Bhavya Balagurumurthy

Energy security, increasing oil prices, fossil resource depletion, and climate change are some of the greatest challenges faced by mankind at present. Third-generation biofuel feedstock and micro-and macroalgae have many advantages over the first and second generations of biofuels. In addition, defatted algae can also be used as a feedstock for production of hydrocarbons. Thermochemical methods are more efficient than any other routes for conversion of algae. Among thermochemical methods, hydrothermal upgradation is the most promising because it can process feedstock such as algae with very high moisture content. Various reactors, catalysts, and operating parameters have been tested to valorize algae by liquefaction and gasification, and promising results have been obtained. Breakthroughs in reactors and/or catalysts for hydrothermal upgradation, proper utilization of the side products obtained, and integration with various other methods to extract high-value hydrocarbons/products from algae would help make algal biorefinery economical and sustainable.

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Page Count

47

Publisher

Elsevier Inc. Chapters

Published Date

ISBN 10

0128083751

ISBN 13

9780128083758

Biohydrogen

Chapter 12. Thermochemical Route for Biohydrogen Production

By: Thallada Bhaskar,Bhavya Balagurumurthy,Rawel Singh,Mukesh Kumar Poddar

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Biohydrogen

Chapter 12. Thermochemical Route for Biohydrogen Production

By: Thallada Bhaskar,Bhavya Balagurumurthy,Rawel Singh,Mukesh Kumar Poddar

Concerns over energy supply security, climate change as well as local air pollution and the increasing prices of energy services are having a growing impact on policy making throughout the world. Today’s energy and transport system, which is based mainly on fossil energy carriers, can in no way be evaluated as sustainable. Increasingly, hydrogen is being promoted as an alternative energy carrier for a sustainable future. For biological H2 systems to become commercially competitive, they must be able to synthesize H2 at rates that are sufficient for practical application. Thermochemical platform provides various efficient methods for conversion of residual biomass (agriculture, forest, and algal) into hydrogen in a single or two stage processes. The processes (gasification, pyrolysis, hydrothermal) and materials/catalysts employed for these processes can be modified to improve the efficiencies for stationary applications/transportation fuel. Integration of various technologies would help in the realisation of hydrogen economy in the future.

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Page Count

57

Publisher

Elsevier Inc. Chapters

Published Date

ISBN 10

012808362X

ISBN 13

9780128083628