In this groundbreaking and wide-ranging study, Teresa Michals explores why some books originally written for a mixed-age audience, such as Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, eventually became children's literature, while others, such as Samuel Richardson's Pamela, became adult novels. Michals considers how historically specific ideas about age shaped not only the readership of novels, but also the ways that characters are represented within them. Arguing that age is first understood through social status, and later through the ideal of psychological development, the book examines the new determination of authors at the end of the nineteenth century, such as Henry James, to write for an audience of adults only. In these novels and in their reception, a world of masters and servants became a world of adults and children.
Throughout the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, the Royal Navy had a peculiar problem: it had too many talented and ambitious officers, all competing for a limited number of command positions. Given this surplus, we might expect that a major physical impairment would automatically disqualify an officer from consideration. To the contrary, after the loss of a limb, at least twenty-six such officers reached the rank of commander or higher through continued service. Losing a limb in battle often became a mark of honor, one that a hero and his friends could use to increase his chances of winning further employment at sea. Lame Captains and Left-Handed Admirals focuses on the lives and careers of four particularly distinguished officers who returned to sea and continued to fight and win battles after losing an arm or a leg: the famous admiral Lord Horatio Nelson, who fought all of his most historically significant battles after he lost his right arm and the sight in one eye, and his lesser-known fellow amputee admirals, Sir Michael Seymour, Sir Watkin Owen Pell, and Sir James Alexander Gordon. Their stories shed invaluable light on the historical effects of physical impairment and this underexamined aspect of maritime history. Peculiar Bodies: Stories and Histories
Teresa of Jesus of the Andes (Juanita Fernández Solar) became the first Chilean saint when she was canonized in 1993 by Pope St. John Paul II. In 1919, she entered the Discalced Carmelites of Los Andes at age eighteen and died only eleven months later. An inspiration to young people, she lived a vibrant social life amid school, sports, music, and friends, all the while being completely devoted to her faith. This volume, first published in 1994, contains the 164 letters of the saint translated by Father Michael Griffin, O.C.D. Despite her unusually brief life, Saint Teresa's collected letters have become a source of great spiritual enrichment and inspiration to many. They capture the saint's personality and share her major concerns, namely, her desire for union with God no matter the cost. Also included are a full chronology of her life and a thematic and explanatory introduction to the letters written by the translator. This book is a reprint of the 1994 edition by Teresian Charism Press.
Teresa of Jesus of the Andes (Juanita Fernández Solar) became the first Chilean saint when she was canonized in 1993 by Pope St. John Paul II. In 1919, she entered the Discalced Carmelites of Los Andes at age eighteen and died only eleven months later. An inspiration to young people, she lived a vibrant social life amid school, sports, music, and friends, all the while being completely devoted to her faith. This volume, first published in 1994, contains the 164 letters of the saint translated by Father Michael Griffin, O.C.D. Despite her unusually brief life, Saint Teresa's collected letters have become a source of great spiritual enrichment and inspiration to many. They capture the saint's personality and share her major concerns, namely, her desire for union with God no matter the cost. Also included are a full chronology of her life and a thematic and explanatory introduction to the letters written by the translator.
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