Sharma and Leung explore the differences in the national and organizational responses to COVID-19 across various countries. The COVID-19 global pandemic is possibly the worst healthcare disaster ever, and recent studies highlight several differences in the response to COVID-19. Some countries acted quickly with strict measures to successfully contain the initial spread of the COVID-19 and minimize the number of cases and deaths, while others have not been as proactive and have suffered more as a result. The book is organized under distinct themes based on the stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, consisting of (a) discovery and early response, (b) global spread and reactions, (c) early successes and failures, and (d) subsequent waves and new strains. It goes on to analyze the differences in national responses to draw important lessons for managers and governments and concludes with policy recommendations. A useful guide for students, managers, and the general public who are interested in learning about the COVID-19 experience and how such global crises could be managed more effectively in future.
A frequency synthesizer is one of the most critical building blocks in any wireless transceiver system. Its design is getting more and more challenging as the demand for low-voltage low-power high-frequency wireless systems continuously grows. As the supply voltage is decreased, many existing design techniques are no longer applicable. This book provides the reader with architectures and design techniques to enable CMOS frequency synthesizers to operate at low supply voltage at high frequency with good phase noise and low power consumption. In addition to updating the reader on many of these techniques in depth, this book will also introduce useful guidelines and step-by-step procedure on behaviour simulations of frequency synthesizers. Finally, three successfully demonstrated CMOS synthesizer prototypes with detailed design consideration and description will be elaborated to illustrate potential applications of the architectures and design techniques described. For engineers, managers and researchers working in radio-frequency integrated-circuit design for wireless applications.
In Redefining Heresy and Tolerance, Hung Tak Wai examines how the Qing empire governed Muslims and Christians under its rule with a non-interventionist policy. Manchu emperors adopted a tolerant attitude towards Islam and Christianity as long as political stability and loyalty remained unthreatened. However, Hung argues that such tolerance had its limitations. Since the mid-eighteenth century, the Qing court intentionally minimised the importance of the Islamic identity. Restrictions were imposed on the Muslims’ external connections with Western Asia. The Christian minority was kept distant from politics and the Han majority. At the same time, Confucian scholars began to acquire a new understanding of religion, but they were not encouraged to get in touch with the Muslims and Christians. This book demonstrates how, from the late eighteenth to the early nineteenth century, the Qing government prevented Confucian scholar-bureaucrats from interfering in the religious life of Christians and Muslims, and how the Confucians’ understanding of ‘religion’ was reshaped during the implementation of such policy in the period. This book reveals that a different kind of ‘religious tolerance’ had already emerged among Sinophone intellectuals before their contact with the West. ‘This book goes beyond the assumption of a homogeneous Han society and pays attention to the religious groups that emerged after the seventeenth century, which differed from, or even contradicted, Confucianism and other Chinese religions, and it is concerned with how such alien communities influenced the development of Confucianism itself.’ —Wang Fan-sen, Academia Sinica ‘This book significantly enriches our comprehension of how early modern Confucians, as adherents of a state/public religion, engaged with Abrahamic religions. By delving into the dynamics of interreligious interaction, Redefining Heresy and Tolerance sheds new light on the encounters between Confucianism and the Abrahamic faiths, offering fresh insights into the complex religious landscape of Asian culture.’ —Huang Chin-shing, Academia Sinica
Past attempts at writing a history of Chinese translation theory have been bedeviled by a chronological approach, which often forces the writer to provide no more than a list of important theories and theorists over the centuries. Or they have stretched out to almost every aspect related to translation in China, so that the historical/political backdrop that had an influence on translation theorizing turns out to be more important than the theories themselves. In the present book, the author hopes to devote exclusive attention to the ideas themselves. The approach adopted centers around eight key issues that engaged the attention of theorists through the course of the twentieth century, in the hope that a historical account will be presented that is not time-bound. On the basis of 38 articles translated into English by teachers and scholars of translation, the author has written four essays discussing the Chinese characteristics of this body of theory. Separately they focus on the impressionistic, the modern, the postcolonial, and the poststructuralist approaches deployed by leading Chinese theorists from 1901 to 1998. It is hoped that publication of this book will make possible cross-cultural dialogue with translation academics in the West, although the general reader will find much firsthand information on Chinese thinking about translation.
Literatures, Cultures, Translation presents a new line of books that engage central issues in translation studies such as history, politics, and gender in and of literary translation. This is a culturally situated study of the interface between three forms of transtextual rewriting: translation, adaptation and imitation. Two questions are raised: first, how a broader rubric can be formulated for the inclusion of the latter two forms within Translation Studies research, and second, how this enlarged definition of translation enables us to understand the incompatibilities between contemporary Western theories of translation and East Asian realities, past and present. Recent decades have seen a surge of scholarly interest in adaptations and imitations, due to the flourishing of cinema and fandom studies, and to the impact of a poststructuralist turn that sheds new light on derivative literature. Against this backdrop, a plethora of examples from the East Asian cultural sphere are analyzed to show how rewriters have freely appropriated, transcreated and recontextualized their source texts. In particular, Sino-Japanese case studies are contrasted with Sino-English ones, with both groups read against evolving traditions of thinking about free forms of translation, East and West.
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