The United States has the dubious distinction of leading the industrialized world in overall rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), with 12 million new cases annually. About 3 million teenagers contract an STD each year, and many will have long-term health problems as a result. Women and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to these diseases and their health consequences. In addition, STDs increase the risk of HIV transmission. The Hidden Epidemic examines the scope of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provides a critical assessment of the nation's response to this public health crisis. The book identifies the components of an effective national STD prevention and control strategy and provides direction for an appropriate response to the epidemic. Recommendations for improving public awareness and education, reaching women and adolescents, integrating public health programs, training health care professionals, modifying messages from the mass media, and supporting future research are included. The book documents the epidemiological dimensions and the economic and social costs of STDs, describing them as "a secret epidemic" with tremendous consequences. The committee frankly discusses the confusing and often hypocritical nature of how Americans deal with issues regarding sexuality--the conflicting messages conveyed in the mass media, the reluctance to promote condom use, the controversy over sex education for teenagers, and the issue of personal blame. The Hidden Epidemic identifies key elements of effective, culturally appropriate programs to promote healthy behavior by adolescents and adults. It examines the problem of fragmentation in STD services and provides examples of communities that have formed partnerships between stakeholders to develop integrated approaches. The committee's recommendations provide a practical foundation on which to build an integrated national program to help young people and adults develop habits of healthy sexuality. The Hidden Epidemic was written for both health care professionals and people without a medical background and will be indispensable to anyone concerned about preventing and controlling STDs.
A zero-suppressed decision diagram (ZDD) is a data structure to represent objects that typically contain many zeros. Applications include combinatorial problems, such as graphs, circuits, faults, and data mining. This book consists of four chapters on the applications of ZDDs. The first chapter by Alan Mishchenko introduces the ZDD. It compares ZDDs to BDDs, showing why a more compact representation is usually achieved in a ZDD. The focus is on sets of subsets and on sum-of-products (SOP) expressions. Methods to generate all the prime implicants (PIs), and to generate irredundant SOPs are shown. A list of papers on the applications of ZDDs is also presented. In the appendix, ZDD procedures in the CUDD package are described. The second chapter by Tsutomu Sasao shows methods to generate PIs and irredundant SOPs using a divide and conquer method. This chapter helps the reader to understand the methods presented in the first chapter. The third chapter by Shin-Ichi Minato introduces the ""frontier-based"" method that efficiently enumerates certain subsets of a graph. The final chapter by Shinobu Nagayama shows a method to match strings of characters. This is important in routers, for example, where one must match the address information of an internet packet to the proprer output port. It shows that ZDDs are more compact than BDDs in solving this important problem. Each chapter contains exercises, and the appendix contains their solutions. Table of Contents: Preface / Acknowledgments / Introduction to Zero-Suppressed Decision Diagrams / Efficient Generation of Prime Implicants and Irredundant Sum-of-Products Expressions / The Power of Enumeration--BDD/ZDD-Based Algorithms for Tackling Combinatorial Explosion / Regular Expression Matching Using Zero-Suppressed Decision Diagrams / Authors' and Editors' Biographies / Index
In a comprehensive listing of entries from "Aalto, Hugo Alvar Henrik" to "Zui Weng Yi," Boyce illuminates readers about furniture styles, construction details, terminology, furniture designers, and design movements throughout history and throughout the world. Styles covered include European-inspired classical, baroque, pop, rococo, and modernist. This extensive guide will be helpful for furniture enthusiasts, historians, and those interested in redecorating their homes.
Key Scholarship in Media Literacy: David Buckingham focuses on the scholarship and research of the eponymous global leader in media literacy education and children’s and young people’s media cultures. Studies and applications of media literacy education around the globe are indebted to the scholarship of Buckingham.
What does it mean to be middle class in contemporary global cities? What do the middle classes do to these cities and what do these cities do to the middle classes? Do the middle classes engage in social mix or are they focused on 'people like us'? Based on comparative study this book explores middle-class identities across Paris and London.
This book brings together five topics on the application of Boolean functions. They are 1. Equivalence classes of Boolean functions: The number of n-variable functions is large, even for values as small as n = 6, and there has been much research on classifying functions. There are many classifications, each with their own distinct merit. 2. Boolean functions for cryptography: The process of encrypting/decrypting plain text messages often depends on Boolean functions with specific properties. For example, highly nonlinear functions are valued because they are less susceptible to linear attacks. 3. Boolean differential calculus: An operation analogous to taking the derivative of a real-valued function offers important insight into the properties of Boolean functions. One can determine tests or susceptibility to hazards. 4. Reversible logic: Most logic functions are irreversible; it is impossible to reconstruct the input, given the output. However, Boolean functions that are reversible are necessary for quantum computing, and hold significant promise for low-power computing. 5. Data mining: The process of extracting subtle patterns from enormous amounts of data has benefited from the use of a graph-based representation of Boolean functions. This has use in surveillance, fraud detection, scientific discovery including bio-informatics, genetics, medicine, and education. Written by experts, these chapters present a tutorial view of new and emerging technologies in Boolean functions. Table of Contents: Equivalence Classes of Boolean Functions / Boolean Functions for Cryptography / Boolean Differential Calculus / Synthesis of Boolean Functions in Reversible Logic / Data Mining Using Binary Decision Diagrams
From foundations in critical thinking skills to practical tools and real-life perspectives, this book empowers young adult readers to be independent media users. The Media and Me is a joint production of The Censored Press and Triangle Square Books for Young Readers. During the recent presidential election, “media literacy” became a buzzword that signified the threat media manipulation posed to democratic processes. Meanwhile, statistical research has shown that 8 to 18 year-olds pack more than eleven hours with some form of media into each day by “media multitasking.” Young people are not only eager and interested to learn about and discuss the realities of media ownership, production, and distribution, they also deserve to understand differential power structures in how media influences our culture. The Media and Me provides readers with the tools and perspectives to be empowered and autonomous media users. The book explores critical inquiry skills to help young people form a multidimensional comprehension of what they read and watch, opportunities to see others like them making change, and insight into their own identity projects. By covering topics like storytelling, building arguments and recognizing fallacies, surveillance and digital gatekeeping, advertising and consumerism, and global social problems through a critical media literacy lens, this book will help students evolve from passive consumers of media to engaged critics and creators.
This inspirational book is about engaged pedagogies, an approach to teaching and learning that centers dialogue, listening, equity, and connection among stakeholders who understand the human and ecological cost of inequality. The authors share their story of working with students, teachers, teacher educators, families, community members, and union leaders to create transformative practices within and beyond public school classrooms. This collaborative work occurred within various spaces--inside school buildings, libraries, churches, community gardens, nonprofit organizations, etc.--and afforded opportunities to grapple with engaged pedagogies in times of political crisis. Featuring descriptions from a district-wide initiative, this book offers practical and theoretical resources for educators wanting to center justice in their work with students. Through question-posing, color images, empirical observations, and use of scholarly and practitioner-driven literature, readers will learn how to use these resources to reconfigure schools and classrooms as sites of engagement for equity, justice, and love. Book Features: Provides a sound approach to deeply taking up the work of justice and engaged pedagogies. Presents linguistic, cultural, theoretical, and practical ideas that can be used and implemented immediately. Includes reflective questions, found poetry, lesson ideas, storytelling as narrative, and examples of engaged pedagogies. Shares stories from a district-wide initiative that embedded engaged pedagogies within classrooms, counseling offices, and libraries. Showcases original artwork and images in full color by Grace D. Player, one of the coauthors.
Practical And Permanent Solutions To Get You Back On Your Feet Are you one of the many who suffer from chronic, debilitating back pain? Are you dying to go back to your daily activities again without the fear of making it worse? No matter what you do, the first steps to relieving your pain and preventing any future complications starts by separating facts from fiction. Dr. Brad Butler wrote THE BLUEPRINT FOR BACK PAIN RELIEF so you can not only learn about the different means of treating your pain without dangerous drugs and surgery, but also so you can start your journey toward a healthier, happier, pain free life. In this book, you'll learn: -where back pain originates from and how it affects you, -how to prevent neck and back pain before they occur, -what makes the current treatment system ineffective, and -how to build a practical plan for proven relief. Forget everything you know about relieving back pain. Dr. Butler seeks to combine his twenty years of experience with his undying resolve to reveal the truth behind bad practices and treatments and give you assurance with facts and knowledge. Don't let the pain win. Learn from one of the best in the business on how to get started.
Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) are a new and rapidly growing field of research. Several advances to the MEMS state of the art were achieved through design and characterization of novel devices. Empirical and theoretical model of polysilicon thermal actuators were developed to understand their behavior. The most extensive investigation of the Multi-User MEMS Processes (MUMPs) polysilicon resistivity was also performed. The first published value for the thermal coefficient of resistivity (TCR) of the MUMPs Poly 1 layer was determined as 1.25 x 10(exp -3)/K. The sheet resistance of the MUMPs polysilicon layers was found to be dependent on linewidth due to presence or absence of lateral phosphorus diffusion. The functional integration of MEMS with CMOS was demonstrated through the design of automated positioning and assembly systems, and a new power averaging scheme was devised. Packaging of MEMS using foundry multichip modules (MCMs) was shown to be a feasible approach to physical integration of MEMS with microelectronics. MEMS test die were packaged using Micro Module Systems MCM-D and General Electric High Density Intercounect and Chip-on-Flex MCM foundries. Xenon difluoride (XeF2) was found to be an excellent post-packaging etchant for bulk micromachined MEMS. For surface micromachining, hydrofluoric acid (HF) can be used.
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