Lithium batteries were introduced relatively recently in comparison to lead- or nickel-based batteries, which have been around for over 100 years. Nevertheless, in the space of 20 years, they have acquired a considerable market share – particularly for the supply of mobile devices. We are still a long way from exhausting the possibilities that they offer. Numerous projects will undoubtedly further improve their performances in the years to come. For large-scale storage systems, other types of batteries are also worthy of consideration: hot batteries and redox flow systems, for example. This book begins by showing the diversity of applications for secondary batteries and the main characteristics required of them in terms of storage. After a chapter presenting the definitions and measuring methods used in the world of electrochemical storage, and another that gives examples of the applications of batteries, the remainder of this book is given over to describing the batteries developed recently (end of the 20th Century) which are now being commercialized, as well as those with a bright future. The authors also touch upon the increasingly rapid evolution of the technologies, particularly regarding lithium batteries, for which the avenues of research are extremely varied. Contents Part 1. Storage Requirements Characteristics of Secondary Batteries Examples of Use 1. Breakdown of Storage Requirements. 2. Definitions and Measuring Methods. 3. Practical Examples Using Electrochemical Storage. Part 2. Lithium Batteries 4. Introduction to Lithium Batteries. 5. The Basic Elements in Lithium-ion Batteries: Electrodes, Electrolytes and Collectors. 6. Usual Lithium-ion Batteries. 7. Present and Future Developments Regarding Lithium-ion Batteries. 8. Lithium-Metal Polymer Batteries. 9. Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. 10. Lithium-Air Batteries. 11. Lithium Resources. Part 3. Other Types of Batteries 12. Other Types of Batteries. About the Authors Christian Glaize is Professor at the University of Montpellier, France. He is also Researcher in the Materials and Energy Group (GEM) of the Institute for Electronics (IES), France. Sylvie Geniès is a project manager at the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives) in Grenoble, France.
The lead-acid accumulator was introduced in the middle of the 19th Century, the diverse variants of nickel accumulators between the beginning and the end of the 20th Century. Although old, these technologies are always very present on numerous markets. Unfortunately they are still not used in optimal conditions, often because of the misunderstanding of the internal electrochemical phenomena. This book will show that batteries are complex systems, made commercially available thanks to considerable amounts of scientific research, empiricism and practical knowledge. However, the design of batteries is not fixed; it is subject to constant developments as a result of user feedback and validation processes which are often long and fastidious. This book attempts to show that it is not possible to consider a family of batteries as having fixed, applicable properties and characteristics whatever the application and the technology used in their manufacture. For this reason, the authors have chosen to present the fundamental electrochemical and chemical phenomena involved in as simple and as clear a way as possible. It is essential to be aware of these mechanisms in order to develop suitable theoretical models. This work will be of particular interest to those working in the field of electrical engineering and to industrialists, the final users of these technologies. It will also be of interest to electrochemists, as experts in lead or nickel batteries are becoming fewer and farther between, and their knowledge and practical skills are steadily being lost. Contents Part 1. Universal Characteristics of Batteries 1. Definitions and Methods of Measurement. Part 2. Lead–Acid Batteries 2. The Operation of Lead–Acid Batteries. 3. Internal Composition and Types of Lead–Acid Batteries. 4. Lead Batteries: Main Characteristics. 5. Manufacturing Starting, Lighting and Ignition Batteries. Part 3. Introduction to Nickel-Based Batteries 6. Nickel–Cadmium Batteries. 7. Nickel–Metal Hydride Batteries. 8. Other Nickel-Based Batteries.
Have you noticed that artificial intelligence is the hot topic of the moment? Yet, for over a decade, this reality has radically changed our lives, well hidden in our new virtually digital reality. After sharing her vision of "Presence" with a 1st book in the context of business and marketing to improve customer and employee relations in the digital reality, this 2nd book expresses the same desire to preserve the relational quality between us. A decade on, we need to have an urgent conversation about the very essence of humanity in a world dominated by technology. Her vision of digital sovereignty presents itself as an accessible solution that must guide the evolution of the artificial intelligence race and combat unbridled digital capitalism by bringing the digital imperialists to heel. It's not a plea for or against artificial intelligence. It's a plea in favor of the urgent need to take a collective stand in order to build a future in human dignity with these intelligent machines that are invading us under the pretext of "natural" evolution. To act, we need to understand. Without pretension, but with lucidity, you are invited to discover the path and legacy of digital colonialism, and even the domination of digital emperors, in order to grasp the full extent of its impact on our reality, which is anything but virtual. Popularized, accessible explanations of the issues at stake, so as to fully grasp this universe. A critical and constructive look at how we can hold the reins of this unbridled wild horse that is artificial intelligence. Whether you're a private citizen, a worker, a company director, a civil servant, a member of parliament, etc., everyone is concerned, without exception. Yes, even you, especially those who don't feel concerned. This is a call for collective mobilization.
Following the love story of painter Joseph Légaré's niece, Isabelle Forest, and novelist Philippe Aubert de Gaspé, Sylvie Chaput carefully and creatively chronicles her picture of Quebec in the 1830s. Chaput writes of the turbulence Quebec endured as her lovers battle the dangers of severe political unrest and a huge cholera epidemic. This novel also recalls the role of art, specifically painting, as a permanent force in a tumultuous world.
Lithium batteries were introduced relatively recently in comparison to lead- or nickel-based batteries, which have been around for over 100 years. Nevertheless, in the space of 20 years, they have acquired a considerable market share – particularly for the supply of mobile devices. We are still a long way from exhausting the possibilities that they offer. Numerous projects will undoubtedly further improve their performances in the years to come. For large-scale storage systems, other types of batteries are also worthy of consideration: hot batteries and redox flow systems, for example. This book begins by showing the diversity of applications for secondary batteries and the main characteristics required of them in terms of storage. After a chapter presenting the definitions and measuring methods used in the world of electrochemical storage, and another that gives examples of the applications of batteries, the remainder of this book is given over to describing the batteries developed recently (end of the 20th Century) which are now being commercialized, as well as those with a bright future. The authors also touch upon the increasingly rapid evolution of the technologies, particularly regarding lithium batteries, for which the avenues of research are extremely varied. Contents Part 1. Storage Requirements Characteristics of Secondary Batteries Examples of Use 1. Breakdown of Storage Requirements. 2. Definitions and Measuring Methods. 3. Practical Examples Using Electrochemical Storage. Part 2. Lithium Batteries 4. Introduction to Lithium Batteries. 5. The Basic Elements in Lithium-ion Batteries: Electrodes, Electrolytes and Collectors. 6. Usual Lithium-ion Batteries. 7. Present and Future Developments Regarding Lithium-ion Batteries. 8. Lithium-Metal Polymer Batteries. 9. Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. 10. Lithium-Air Batteries. 11. Lithium Resources. Part 3. Other Types of Batteries 12. Other Types of Batteries. About the Authors Christian Glaize is Professor at the University of Montpellier, France. He is also Researcher in the Materials and Energy Group (GEM) of the Institute for Electronics (IES), France. Sylvie Geniès is a project manager at the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives) in Grenoble, France.
The lead-acid accumulator was introduced in the middle of the 19th Century, the diverse variants of nickel accumulators between the beginning and the end of the 20th Century. Although old, these technologies are always very present on numerous markets. Unfortunately they are still not used in optimal conditions, often because of the misunderstanding of the internal electrochemical phenomena. This book will show that batteries are complex systems, made commercially available thanks to considerable amounts of scientific research, empiricism and practical knowledge. However, the design of batteries is not fixed; it is subject to constant developments as a result of user feedback and validation processes which are often long and fastidious. This book attempts to show that it is not possible to consider a family of batteries as having fixed, applicable properties and characteristics whatever the application and the technology used in their manufacture. For this reason, the authors have chosen to present the fundamental electrochemical and chemical phenomena involved in as simple and as clear a way as possible. It is essential to be aware of these mechanisms in order to develop suitable theoretical models. This work will be of particular interest to those working in the field of electrical engineering and to industrialists, the final users of these technologies. It will also be of interest to electrochemists, as experts in lead or nickel batteries are becoming fewer and farther between, and their knowledge and practical skills are steadily being lost. Contents Part 1. Universal Characteristics of Batteries 1. Definitions and Methods of Measurement. Part 2. Lead–Acid Batteries 2. The Operation of Lead–Acid Batteries. 3. Internal Composition and Types of Lead–Acid Batteries. 4. Lead Batteries: Main Characteristics. 5. Manufacturing Starting, Lighting and Ignition Batteries. Part 3. Introduction to Nickel-Based Batteries 6. Nickel–Cadmium Batteries. 7. Nickel–Metal Hydride Batteries. 8. Other Nickel-Based Batteries.
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