Interferometric observations need snapshots of very high time resolution of the order of (i) frame integration of about 100 Hz or (ii) photon-recording rates of several megahertz (MHz). Detectors play a key role in astronomical observations, and since the explanation of the photoelectric effect by Albert Einstein, the technology has evolved rather
Suitable for researchers and graduate students in fluid dynamics, astrophysics, and other areas of physics, this book clearly elucidates the dynamics and behavior of waves and oscillations in various mediums. It presents different types of waves and oscillations that can be observed and studied from macroscopic to microscopic scales. The authors describe applications in astrophysics, include simple exercises to give readers a hands-on grasp of the basics, and provide a large list of bibliographic sources that enable readers to research more technical aspects.
Rhinoplasty is a plastic surgery procedure for correcting and reconstructing the form, restoring the functions, and aesthetically enhancing the nose by resolving nasal trauma, congenital defect, respiratory impediment, or a failed primary rhinoplasty. This book is a concise guide to rhinoplasty for otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons. Beginning with an overview of nasal anatomy, and instruments and preoperative assessment, the text then describes basic techniques and incisions. The following sections cover different surgical techniques, presenting each in a step by step format, and covering both common and more complex procedures. The final chapter discusses revision rhinoplasty. The text is highly illustrated and includes photographs of cadaver dissections demonstrating nasal anatomy and surgical methods. Key points Concise guide to rhinoplasty for otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons Explains basic nasal anatomy, surgical instruments and techniques Includes section on revision rhinoplasty Features photographs of cadaver dissections demonstrating nasal anatomy and surgical procedures
This book deals with the fundamentals of wave optics, polarization, interference, diffraction, imaging, and the origin, properties, and optical effects of turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere. Techniques developed during the last few decades to overcome atmospheric image degradation (including passive methods, speckle interferometry in particular, and active methods such as adaptive optics), are highlighted. Also discussed are high resolution sensors, image processing, and the astronomical results obtained with these techniques.
This book deals with the fundamentals of stellar interferometry with emphasis on aperture synthesis using sparse array of telescopes particularly at optical/IR wavelengths, the origin, properties, and optical effects of turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere, techniques developed to overcome image degradation. Studded with more than one hundred and fifty illustrations and tens of footnotes, it addresses the basic tricks of trade, current trend, motivation, methods, and path to future promise of true interferometry both from the ground and space. Also discussed are the technical challenge involved, such as beam transportation and recombination, detecting fringes using modern sensors, and image synthesis. Astronomical science that benefits from aperture synthesis imaging are highlighted as well.
Graphene, a single sheet of graphite, has an unconventional electronic structure that can be described in terms of massless Dirac Fermions. This book presents the frontiers of graphene research ranging from important issues in condensed matter physics and chemistry to advanced device applications.
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