This book provides an examination of major problems facing the world using mathematics of uncertainty. These problems include climate change, coronavirus pandemic, human tracking, biodiversity, and other grand challenges. Mathematics of uncertainty is used in a modern more general sense than traditional mathematics. Since accurate data is impossible to obtain concerning human tracking and other global problems, mathematics of uncertainty is an ideal discipline to study these problems. The authors place several scientific studies into different mathematical settings such as nonstandard analysis and soft logic. Fuzzy differentiation is used to model the spread of diseases such as the coronavirus. The book uses fuzzy graph theory to examine the problems of human tracking and illegal immigration. The book is an excellent reference source for advanced under-graduate and graduate students in mathematics and the social sciences as well as for researchers and teachers.
One of the most preeminent ways of applying mathematics in real-world scenario modeling involves graph theory. A graph can be undirected or directed depending on whether the pairwise relationships among objects are symmetric or not. Nevertheless, in many real-world situations, representing a set of complex relational objects as directed or undirected is not su¢ cient. Weighted graphs o§er a framework that helps to over come certain conceptual limitations. We show using the concept of an isomorphism that weighted graphs have a natural connection to fuzzy graphs. As we show in the book, this allows results to be carried back and forth between weighted graphs and fuzzy graphs. This idea is in keeping with the important paper by Klement and Mesiar that shows that many families of fuzzy sets are lattice isomorphic to each other. We also outline the important work of Head and Weinberger that show how results from ordinary mathematics can be carried over to fuzzy mathematics. We focus on the concepts connectivity, degree sequences and saturation, and intervals and gates in weighted graphs.
Fuzzy Mathematics, Graphs, and Similarity Measures provides a solid foundation in core analytical tracks of mathematics of uncertainty, from fuzzy mathematics to graphs and similarity measures with applications in a range of timely cases studies and world challenges. Following a full grounding in fuzzy graph indices, connectivity in fuzzy graph structures, lattice isomorphisms, and similarity measures, the book applies these models in analyzing world challenges, from human trafficking to modern slavery, global poverty, global hunger, homelessness, biodiversity, extinction, terrorism and bioterrorism, pandemics, and climate change.Connections and constructive steps forward are tied throughout to UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The authors demonstrate and instruct readers in applying techniques from mathematics of uncertainty in examining issues where accurate data is impossible to obtain. In addition to a diverse range of cases studies, exercises reinforce key concepts in each chapter, and an online instructor's manual supports teaching across a range of course contexts. - Instructs on core analytical techniques of mathematics of uncertainty, from fuzzy graphs to similarity measures, with applications - Introduces lattice isomorphisms, fuzzy graph indices, and fuzzy graph structures as basis for analysis - Covers analysis and application across a range of world challenges and SDG aligned topics, from human trafficking to modern slavery, global poverty, global hunger, homelessness, biodiversity, extinction, terrorism and bioterrorism, pandemics, and climate change - Includes cases studies and student exercises across each chapter, as well as an online instructor's manual
This book ranks countries with respect to their achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and their vulnerability to climate change. Human livelihoods, stable economies, health, and high quality of life all depend on a stable climate and earth system, and a diversity of species and ecosystems. Climate change significantly impacts human trafficking, modern slavery, and global hunger. This book examines these global problems using techniques from mathematics of uncertainty. Since accurate data concerning human trafficking and modern slavery is impossible to obtain, mathematics of uncertainty is an ideal discipline to study these problems. The book also considers the interconnection between climate change, world hunger, human trafficking, modern slavery, and the coronavirus. Connectivity properties of fuzzy graphs are used to examine trafficking flow between regions in the world. The book is an excellent reference source for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics and the social sciences as well as for researchers and teachers.
This book builds on two recently published books by the same authors on fuzzy graph theory. Continuing in their tradition, it provides readers with an extensive set of tools for applying fuzzy mathematics and graph theory to social problems such as human trafficking and illegal immigration. Further, it especially focuses on advanced concepts such as connectivity and Wiener indices in fuzzy graphs, distance, operations on fuzzy graphs involving t-norms, and the application of dialectic synthesis in fuzzy graph theory. Each chapter also discusses a number of key, representative applications. Given its approach, the book provides readers with an authoritative, self-contained guide to – and at the same time an inspiring read on – the theory and modern applications of fuzzy graphs. For newcomers, the book also includes a brief introduction to fuzzy sets, fuzzy relations and fuzzy graphs.
This book examines some issues involving climate change, human trafficking, and other serious world challenges made worse by climate change. Climate change increases the risk of natural disasters and thus creates poverty and can cause situations of conflict and instability. Displacement can occur giving traffickers an opportunity to exploit affected people. In the fuzzy graph theory part of the book, the relatively new concepts of fuzzy soft semigraphs and graph structures are used to study human trafficking, as well as its time intuitionistic fuzzy sets that have been introduced to model forest fires. The notion of legal and illegal incidence strength is used to analyze immigration to the USA. The examination of return refugees to their origin countries is undertaken. The neighborhood connectivity index is determined for trafficking in various regions in the world. The cycle connectivity measure for the directed graph of the flow from South America to the USA is calculated. It is determined that there is a need for improvement in government response by countries. Outside the area of fuzzy graph theory, a new approach to examine climate change is introduced. Social network theory is used to study feedback processes that effect climate forcing. Tipping points in climate change are considered. The relationship between terrorism and climate change is examined. Ethical issues concerning the obligation of business organizations to reduce carbon emissions are also considered. Nonstandard analysis is a possible new area that could be used by scholars of mathematics of uncertainty. A foundation is laid to aid the researcher in the understanding of nonstandard analysis. In order to accomplish this, a discussion of some basic concepts from first-order logic is presented as some concepts of mathematics of uncertainty. An application to the theory of relativity is presented.
This book discusses human–machine interactions, specifically focusing on making them as natural as human–human interaction. It is based on the premise that to get the right connect between human and machines, it is essential to understand not only the behavior of the person interacting with the machine, but also the limitations of the technology. Firstly, the authors review the evolution of language as a spontaneous, natural phenomenon in the overall scheme of the evolutionary development of living beings. They then go on to examine the possible approaches to understanding and representing the meaning and the common aspects of human–human and human–machine interactions, and introduce the keyconcept-keyword (also called minimal parsing) approach as a convenient and realistic way to implement usable human–machine interface (HMI) systems. For researchers looking for practical approaches, way beyond the realms of theory, this book is a must read.
In the newly revised Second Edition of Fundamentals of Financial Instruments: An Introduction to Stocks, Bonds, Foreign Exchange, and Derivatives, renowned finance trainer Sunil Parameswaran delivers a comprehensive introduction to the full range of financial products commonly offered in the financial markets. Using clear, worked examples of everything from basic equity and debt securities to complex instruments—like derivatives and mortgage-backed securities – the author outlines the structure and dynamics of the free-market system and explores the environment in which financial instruments are traded. This one-of-a-kind book also includes: New discussions on interest rate derivatives, bonds with embedded options, mutual funds, ETFs, pension plans, financial macroeconomics, orders and exchanges, and Excel functions for finance Supplementary materials to enhance the reader’s ability to apply the material contained within A foundational exploration of interest rates and the time value of money Fundamentals of Financial Instruments is the ideal resource for business school students at the undergraduate and graduate levels, as well as anyone studying financial management or the financial markets. It also belongs on the bookshelves of executive education students and finance professionals seeking a refresher on the fundamentals of their industry.
NO RIGHT ANSWERS is a practical management guide for developing your subordinates, building winning teams and developing capabilities to become an inspirational leader in the workplace. This compelling narrative takes you on a riveting journey to discover simple alternatives for resolving human relation issues; management dead-ends; and ethical dilemmas which we encounter on a daily basis. It questions our assumptions, forces us to introspect and then presents us with a refreshingly different angle to managing people and processes at the work place.
Introduction Our body is a mass of muscle and nerves linked together into the central processing system unit that is our brain. Any movement of the body and thinking is symbolic in human life. Even to achieve life’s goal one has to be physically fit, Mentally Sound, spiritually Enrich, Emotionally Balance and Socially Adjustable. To get all these achievement, the body will act as media. Shariram Madhyankukam Dharma Sadanam. Though the human body is vital and important, it has to be developed through physical activities only. “Any physical activity which has the character of play and takes the form of a struggle within oneself or competition among others is called sport.”
Sunil’s stories have the trappings of self-expression. It is like the feeling of satiation of a fruit laden tree that droops, brazenly flaunting its uterus above all other parts of the anatomy. In every fruit there is a seed of love. It silently implores the reader to relish on the sweet pulp and to plant the seed in the fertile expanse of the heart. Sunil writes with an earnestness. The resultant tune of literature is the realization that the diversities of the universe are cemented together by a beautiful love. Such stories are few, though the genre of stories made its debut long back.
Research finds that Jesus taught ‘The Dependent on Arising’, a core Buddhist teaching, to Mary Magdalene as found in the Gospel according to Mary. Research also finds ‘The Apocalypse of Peter’, discovered around 1886–87 in Akhmim, Upper Egypt, refers to Jesus’s presence in India with Peter at the 13th Edict of Emperor Asoka. Also, by analysing the New Testament, I found Jesus to have used aphorisms taught by Buddha in his discourses/teachings.
The Indian American community is one of the fastest growing immigrant communities in the U.S. Unlike previous generations, they are marked by a high degree of training as medical doctors, engineers, scientists, and university professors. American Karma draws on participant observation and in-depth interviews to explore how these highly skilled professionals have been inserted into the racial dynamics of American society and transformed into “people of color.” Focusing on first-generation, middle-class Indians in American suburbia, it also sheds light on how these transnational immigrants themselves come to understand and negotiate their identities. Bhatia forcefully contends that to fully understand migrant identity and cultural formation it is essential that psychologists and others think of selfhood as firmly intertwined with sociocultural factors such as colonialism, gender, language, immigration, and race-based immigration laws. American Karma offers a new framework for thinking about the construction of selfhood and identity in the context of immigration. This innovative approach advances the field of psychology by incorporating critical issues related to the concept of culture, including race, power, and conflict, and will also provide key insights to those in anthropology, sociology, human development, and migrant studies.
• Presents an overview of methods and applications of health disparity estimation • First book to synthesize research in this field in a unified statistical framework • Covers classical approaches, and builds to more modern computational techniques • Includes many worked examples and case studies using real data • Discusses available software for estimation
Aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students and researchers working with natural products, Professors Sunil and Bani Talapatra provide a highly accessible compilation describing all aspects of plant natural products. Beginning with a general introduction to set the context, the authors then go on to carefully detail nomenclature, occurrence, isolation, detection, structure elucidation (by both degradation and spectroscopic techniques) stereochemistry, conformation, synthesis, biosynthesis, biological activity and commercial applications of the most important natural products of plant origin. Each chapter also includes detailed references (with titles) and a list of recommended books for additional study making this outstanding treatise a useful resource for teachers of chemistry and researchers working in universities, research institutes and industry.
Mentors are people who make a significant difference to the lives of others, lifting them out of being ordinary and leading them to an almost magical transformation. This book is a comprehensive guide to the intricate world of mentoring in organizational settings. Based on the author’s pioneering research and wide-ranging practice, this book unravels the entire mentoring process, from building the mentor-mentee relationship to the precautions that need to be taken and the ways in which organizational goals can be attained. He also discusses: – The skills of a good mentor – How the mentor’s mind works, and the values and attitudes she/he must have – The mentor’s code of ethics – How to handle tricky situations relating to power, authority, and gender issues – How to set up a successful mentoring scheme in an organization Enriched with actual cases and the experiences of people undergoing mentoring, this book is a powerful tool for understanding and practice.
Fixed Income Securities covers the entire gamut of fixed income products, from plain vanilla bonds to interest rate derivatives and mortgage-backed securities. With helpful numerical illustrations and explanations on the use of specific functions in Excel, this book presents essential constructs and concepts, with a simultaneous focus on practical applications and issues of interest to market professionals. Sunil Kumar Parameswaran delves into the time value of money, bonds, yield measures, money markets, interest rate futures, and interest rate swaps to provide an in-depth look at issues pertaining to fixed income securities. This book is an essential resource for professionals in the fields of brokerage, insurance, mutual funds, pension funds, hedge funds, commercial and investment banks, as well as students of finance.
Though financial derivatives have been taught in courses in leading business schools for over 50 years, they are now universal, with exchanges having been set up around the globe. Excellent textbooks on derivatives are available. But many students in emerging markets desire a cogent and logical exposition that makes them aware of the specific challenges faced by their countries while developing exchanges. Derivatives Theory and Practice caters to this segment of readers whose requirements have not been adequately addressed in previous literature in the area. Unlike other heavily mathematical and quantitative works that prevent readers from understanding the underlying qualitative and conceptual facts, this book is a user-friendly resource to comprehend derivatives, especially those in the developing world, while also offering analysts and traders in first world markets adequate exposure to products and trading practices in emerging markets. Providing a balanced perspective focusing on both options as well as futures, this book will benefit both financial market professionals as well as students.
The practises that are outlined in a variety of studys and referred to collectively as "cyber security" are intended to safeguard the online presence of a user or an organisation. It is responsible for coordinating the many tools and processes that are necessary to avoid harm to networks, software, and data. Another term for this grouping of technologies and processes is information technology security (IT security). The prominence of the industry is growing as a result of an increased reliance on computer systems such as smartphones, televisions, and the myriad of other tiny devices that comprise the Internet of Things. The internet has made it easier to communicate with people all over the globe in a variety of ways; but it has also presented us with an abundance of new influences that were previously unfathomable. At the same time as the world of security developed, the world of hackers also expanded. Two distinct points of view may be taken into consideration while of cyber security. One advantage is that cloud service providers focus exclusively on this area, which means that their customers can be certain that they are using the most cutting-edge encryption technology currently on the market. In the event of a cyberattack, it is being protected by internet-connected devices, which protect not just the data but also the hardware and software. Organisations take safeguards against hackers and other bad actors by using both cyber security and physical security measures for their data centres and other computerised systems. These procedures are designed to protect against the risk of unauthorised access. The goal of the cyber security subfield known as data security is to maintain the confidentiality, integrity, and accessibility of stored information. The breadth of operations that comprise cyber security includes the protection of data and infrastructure against major dangers that may be found online. There is a diverse range of these threats to consider.
What if we started doing things at half the speed? From speaking to walking, just slowing down is enough to transform your life completely! Covering myriad human activities, from bathing and breathing to sleep and sex, this book gives you scientific evidence that is sure to enrich your life. Extensively researched in topics as varied as art and architecture to parenting and potty training, makes this book a ready reckoner for the latest thoughts on effective managementslowness. You will no longer look at the cinema and newspapers the same way! You will find astonishingly simple skills to improve your typing and drawing. You will start enjoying gardening and jogging. You might even like slow exercises. You will learn why walkers are dangerous and which food helps you to age slowly. From ancient thoughts to innovative technology, this book is a compendium of useful tips slowness designed to make your life happier, healthier, and joyous. Dr. Sunil Srinivasan shares his decades of experience as a pediatrician and a Tai Chi instructor in dealing with people and problems and has distilled his thoughts in this unique book. For busy readers, there is a summary at the end of each chapter with suggested additional reading. References have been added at the end. Treat this book like a menu card and enjoy your favorite topics.
Part of the highly successful Mastering Orthopedic Techniques series, this book is a comprehensive guide to knee reconstruction. Topics are presented in a step by step, “how to” approach, covering both basic and more complex issues. Enhanced by nearly 600 images, diagrams and tables.
The paper examines the implementation of macro-prudential policy. Given the coordination, flow of information, analysis, and communication required, macro-prudential frameworks will have weaknesses that make it hard to implement policy. And dealing with the political economy is also likely to be challenging. But limiting discretion through the formulation of macro-prudential rules is complicated by the difficulties in detecting and measuring systemic risk. The paper suggests that oversight is best served by having a strong baseline regulatory regime on which a time-varying macro-prudential policy can be added as conditions warrant and permit.
This book offers a self-contained guide to the theory and main applications of soft sets. It introduces readers to the basic concepts, the algebraic and topological structures, as well as hybrid structures, such as fuzzy soft sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets. The last part of the book explores a range of interesting applications in the fields of decision-making, pattern recognition, and data science. All in all, the book provides graduate students and researchers in mathematics and various applied science fields with a comprehensive and timely reference guide to soft sets.
This fully revised and indispensable edition of Object-Oriented Programming with C++ provides a sound appreciation of the fundamentals and syntax of the language, as well as of various concepts and their applicability in real-life problems. Emphasis has been laid on the reusability of code in object-oriented programming and how the concepts of class, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, friend functions, and operator overloading are all geared to make the development and maintenance of applications easy, convenient and economical.
An excellent book for commerce students appearing in competitive, professional and other examinations. 1.Editing of Collected Data, 2 .Classification and Tabulation of Data., 3. Diagrammatic Presentation of Data, 4. Graphic Presentation of Data, 5. Construction of Frequency Distribution, 6. Measures of Central Tendency, 7. Geometric Mean and Harmonic Mean, 8. Partition Values, 9. Measures of Dispersion, 10. Measures of Skewness, 11. Moments, 12. Measures of Kurtosis, 13. Correlation, Appendix 14. Index Numbers, 15. Analysis of Time Series.
Winner of a HIGHLY COMMENDED AWARD in the Surgical specialties category of the 2011 BMA Medical Book Competition. Key Questions in Cardiac Surgery will systematically cover all the main topics involved in the current practice of a cardiac surgeon. It will incorporate current guidelines for practice (such as from the American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology) and up-to-date information based on current literature. The data and body of knowledge presented in this book are strictly evidence-based which makes it ideal as a revision aid for residents/registrars undertaking their Cardiothoracic Surgery Board examinations around the world. Although these examinations vary in format in different countries, this book is applicable to all cardiothoracic surgical trainees. Its concise, yet complete coverage of the important topics, make it the ideal guide to answer the key questions in cardiac surgery that are asked within the confines of an examination. Cardiologists, cardiothoracic intensive care unit specialists, nursing staff, physiotherapists and other professions allied to medicine, both surgical and cardiological, will also find the book useful in terms of the indications and surgical management of these patients, as they are integral to the cardiac surgical process.
This book is a narrative non-fiction, based on the patchy epistemologies of traditional small-scale fishers in India and the Indian Ocean region. It specifically explores the impact of climate change on Fish and Fishers, and the mutual entanglements in their eco-social world. Further, it critically examines the nature of climate change adaptation and its implications on small-scale fisheries. Both climate change impact and adaptation responses are examined from the situated knowledge and everyday lived experiences of Fishers. Stories of their everyday struggles from diverse eco-social worlds shape these patchy epistemologies. Further, this book through these stories unearths the transitions in governance and changing relationships between Fish, Fishers, and the rest of the eco-social world. Responding ethically to the problems of climate change, warming oceans, fish scarcity, overfishing, and pollution requires us to break away from the paradigms that locate Nature and Society as binaries and commodities. Blue justice can be achieved only if strategies aimed at adaptation, conservation and well-being are dialogical, inclusive, and Fish-Fisher centred. This book offers insights into the worldviews of Fishers and their stewardship, wisdom, and experience in healing today’s warming world. Locating the eco-social worlds of Fish and Fishers in alternative worldviews, this book strives to find meaningful pathways for just transitions. It will be of interest to academics and researchers working in the field of climate change, fisheries, disaster studies, and sustainable livelihoods as well as related subjects of social work and social justice.
Hedge funds are collective investment vehicles, often organized as private partnerships and resident offshore for tax and regulatory purposes. Their legal status places few restrictions on their portfolios and transactions, leaving their managers free to use short sales, derivative securities, and leverage to raise returns and cushion risk. This paper considers the role of hedge funds in financial market dynamics, with particular reference to the Asian crisis.
Written by industry thought leaders, Java Web Services Architecture is a no-nonsense guide to web services technologies including SOAP, WSDL, UDDI and the JAX APIs. This book is useful for systems architects and provides many of the practical considerations for implementing web services including authorization, encryption, transactions and the future of Web Services.
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